24-07-2014, 11:49 AM
Vehicle Accident Automatic Detection and Remote Alarm Device
[attachment=66182]
ABSTRACT
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier.
The advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road
accident take place frequently which causes huge loss of life and property
because of the poor emergency facilities. Our project will provide an
optimum solution to this draw back. An accelerometer can be used in a car
alarm application so that dangerous driving can be detected. It can be used as
a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from an accelerometer, a severe accident can be recognized.
According to this project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately
Vibration sensor will detect the signal or if a car rolls over, and Micro electro
mechanical system (MEMS) sensor will detects the signal and sends it to
ARM controller. Microcontroller sends the alert message through the GSM
MODEM including the location to police control room or a rescue team. So
the police can immediately trace the location through the GPS MODEM,
after receiving the information. Then after conforming the location necessary
action will be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no
serious threat to anyone`s life, then the alert message can be terminated by
the driver by a switch provided in order to avoid wasting the valuable time of
the medical rescue team. This paper is useful in detecting the accident
precisely by means of both vibration sensor and Micro electro Mechanical
system (MEMS) or accelerometer. As there is a scope for improvement and
as a future implementation we can add a wireless webcam for capturing the
images which will help in providing driver`s assistance.
INTRODUCTION
The high demand of automobiles has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents. This is
because of the lack of best emergency facilities available in our country. An automatic alarm device for
vehicle accidents is introduced in this paper. This design is a system which can detect accidents in
significantly less time and sends the basic information to first aid center within a few seconds covering
geographical coordinates, the time and angle in which a vehicle accident had occurred. This alert message is
sent to the rescue team in a short time, which will help in saving the valuable lives. A Switch is also provided
in order to terminate the sending of a message in rare case where there is no casualty, this can save the
precious time of the medical rescue team. When the accident occurs the alert message is sent automatically
to the rescue team and to the police station. The message is sent through the GSM module and the location of
the accident is detected with the help of the GPS module. The accident can be detected precisely with the
Block diagram description
From the figure 1 the system consists of different modules which are interfaced to the ARM (32 bit)
controller. The input power is step down to 12v DC from 230v AC power line by the power supply unit. The
main module is the ARM controller which provides high speed processing of the data because of the
pipelining technique and ability to be used as a 16 bit controller called Thumb. The main advantage of using
this controller is its better performance with high code density. Whenever the accident occurs the vibrations
are sensed by the vibration sensor and these signals are given to the controller through the amplifying circuit.
If incase there is an rolls over of the car the angle of the rolls over is detected by the Micro electro
mechanical system(MEMS) sensor and it is given as the input to the controller for further processing. As and
when the input is received by the controller, the buzzer (alarm) is ON and the message is sent to the rescue
team with the help of the GSM module. The rescue team reaches the site of the accident with the help of the
location given in the message. The location or the geographical coordinates where the vehicle is present are
detected by the GPS module.
HARDWARE IMPLIMENTATION
From the figure 3 the design structure consists of a control unit ARM7 LPC2148, accident detection
module includes three-axis accelerometer sensor MMA7660FFC, user interface module includes LCD, and a
message sending module. When the collision occurs the vibration sensor detects the collision automatically.
When the vehicle rolls over the roll angle is given by the Z –axis of the accelerometer sensor. The alert signal
is sent when the roll angle is greater the set reference value.
Control Unit
The LPC2148 microcontroller is based on a 32/16 bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation
and embedded trace support, that combines the microcontroller with embedded high speed flash memory
ranging from 32 kB to 512 kB. It is cost effective and reliable. Pipelining is employed in order to
simultaneously operate all parts of processing and memory systems [11].
The CPU has two types of instruction sets Arm (32-bit) which gives maximum performance and
Thumb (16-bit) which gives maximum code density. The major advantage of ARM is its ability to
manipulate 32-bit integers with a single instruction. The main advantage of Thumb is its ability to switch
back to ARM which gives high speed to operate fast interrupts and other algorithms. This provides better
performance than 16-bit architecture, and better code density than a 32-bit architecture.
GPS Module
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite based navigation system that sends and receives
radio signals. A GPS receiver acquires these signals and provides the user with information. Using GPS
technology, one can determine location, velocity and time, 24 hours a day, in any weather conditions
anywhere in the world for free. GPS was formally known as the NAVSTAR (Navigation Satellite Timing
and Ranging). Global Positioning System was originally developed for military. Because of its popular
navigation capabilities and because GPS technology can be accessed using small, inexpensive equipment, the
government made the system available for civilian use. The USA owns GPS technology and the Department
of Defense maintains it. The basis of the GPS technology is a set of 24 satellites that are continuously
orbiting the earth. These satellites are equipped with atomic clocks and send out radio signals as to the exact
time and their location. These radio signals from the satellites are picked up by the GPS receiver. Once the
GPS receiver locks on to four or more of these satellites, it can triangulate its location from the known
positions of the satellites. It is a high performance, low power satellite based model. It is a cost effective and
portable system which accurately detects the location [13].
RESULTS AND COMPARISIONS
This paper gives a diffent way of approaching the problem. The accident location can be located
easily and the detection of accident is precise unlike the prior approaches, where detection of accident is done
by either of the two sensors. In this approach the accident is detected by both the vibration and microelectro
mechanical sensor and there is an alternative way provided to stop the whole process of meassaging through
a switch. Where as the other approaches provide only one way of detecting the accident. Hence this paper has
an edge over the other earlier approaches.
CONCLUSION
With the advent of science and technology in every walk of life the importance of vehicle safety has
increased and the main priority is being given to reduce the alarming time when an accident occur, so that the
wounded lives can be attended in lesser time by the rescue team. This paper provides the design which has
the advantages of low cost, portability, small size and easy expansibility. The platform of the system is ARM
along with MEMS, Vibration sensor, GPS and GSM, interfacing which shortens the alarm time to a large
extent and locate the site of accident accurately. This system can overcome the problems of lack of
automated system for accident location detection. Consequently, the time for searching the location is
reduced and the person can be treated as soon as possible which will save many lives. This system will have
broad application prospects as it integrates the positioning systems and the network of medical based
services. The accident can be detected by both vibration sensor and MEMS sensor which will give the
accurate information. The controller will process the data, as soon as input is received by the controller the
alarm is ON and message is sent through the GSM module. The geographical coordinates and the time of the
site of the accident is detected by the GPS module. An alternate condition is given by pressing a switch, in
order to interrupt the flow of sending the message in case of no casualty; this will help to save time of
medical rescue team and unnecessary alarming which creates havoc in such unusual conditions. The accident
location automatic detection will help us to provide security to the vehicles and to the lives of the people. The
high priority is given to the lives of the people. Hence, this paper provides a feasible solution to traffic
hazards and it gives security to vehicle and reduces loss of valuable lives and property.
[attachment=66182]
ABSTRACT
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier.
The advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road
accident take place frequently which causes huge loss of life and property
because of the poor emergency facilities. Our project will provide an
optimum solution to this draw back. An accelerometer can be used in a car
alarm application so that dangerous driving can be detected. It can be used as
a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from an accelerometer, a severe accident can be recognized.
According to this project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately
Vibration sensor will detect the signal or if a car rolls over, and Micro electro
mechanical system (MEMS) sensor will detects the signal and sends it to
ARM controller. Microcontroller sends the alert message through the GSM
MODEM including the location to police control room or a rescue team. So
the police can immediately trace the location through the GPS MODEM,
after receiving the information. Then after conforming the location necessary
action will be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no
serious threat to anyone`s life, then the alert message can be terminated by
the driver by a switch provided in order to avoid wasting the valuable time of
the medical rescue team. This paper is useful in detecting the accident
precisely by means of both vibration sensor and Micro electro Mechanical
system (MEMS) or accelerometer. As there is a scope for improvement and
as a future implementation we can add a wireless webcam for capturing the
images which will help in providing driver`s assistance.
INTRODUCTION
The high demand of automobiles has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents. This is
because of the lack of best emergency facilities available in our country. An automatic alarm device for
vehicle accidents is introduced in this paper. This design is a system which can detect accidents in
significantly less time and sends the basic information to first aid center within a few seconds covering
geographical coordinates, the time and angle in which a vehicle accident had occurred. This alert message is
sent to the rescue team in a short time, which will help in saving the valuable lives. A Switch is also provided
in order to terminate the sending of a message in rare case where there is no casualty, this can save the
precious time of the medical rescue team. When the accident occurs the alert message is sent automatically
to the rescue team and to the police station. The message is sent through the GSM module and the location of
the accident is detected with the help of the GPS module. The accident can be detected precisely with the
Block diagram description
From the figure 1 the system consists of different modules which are interfaced to the ARM (32 bit)
controller. The input power is step down to 12v DC from 230v AC power line by the power supply unit. The
main module is the ARM controller which provides high speed processing of the data because of the
pipelining technique and ability to be used as a 16 bit controller called Thumb. The main advantage of using
this controller is its better performance with high code density. Whenever the accident occurs the vibrations
are sensed by the vibration sensor and these signals are given to the controller through the amplifying circuit.
If incase there is an rolls over of the car the angle of the rolls over is detected by the Micro electro
mechanical system(MEMS) sensor and it is given as the input to the controller for further processing. As and
when the input is received by the controller, the buzzer (alarm) is ON and the message is sent to the rescue
team with the help of the GSM module. The rescue team reaches the site of the accident with the help of the
location given in the message. The location or the geographical coordinates where the vehicle is present are
detected by the GPS module.
HARDWARE IMPLIMENTATION
From the figure 3 the design structure consists of a control unit ARM7 LPC2148, accident detection
module includes three-axis accelerometer sensor MMA7660FFC, user interface module includes LCD, and a
message sending module. When the collision occurs the vibration sensor detects the collision automatically.
When the vehicle rolls over the roll angle is given by the Z –axis of the accelerometer sensor. The alert signal
is sent when the roll angle is greater the set reference value.
Control Unit
The LPC2148 microcontroller is based on a 32/16 bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation
and embedded trace support, that combines the microcontroller with embedded high speed flash memory
ranging from 32 kB to 512 kB. It is cost effective and reliable. Pipelining is employed in order to
simultaneously operate all parts of processing and memory systems [11].
The CPU has two types of instruction sets Arm (32-bit) which gives maximum performance and
Thumb (16-bit) which gives maximum code density. The major advantage of ARM is its ability to
manipulate 32-bit integers with a single instruction. The main advantage of Thumb is its ability to switch
back to ARM which gives high speed to operate fast interrupts and other algorithms. This provides better
performance than 16-bit architecture, and better code density than a 32-bit architecture.
GPS Module
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite based navigation system that sends and receives
radio signals. A GPS receiver acquires these signals and provides the user with information. Using GPS
technology, one can determine location, velocity and time, 24 hours a day, in any weather conditions
anywhere in the world for free. GPS was formally known as the NAVSTAR (Navigation Satellite Timing
and Ranging). Global Positioning System was originally developed for military. Because of its popular
navigation capabilities and because GPS technology can be accessed using small, inexpensive equipment, the
government made the system available for civilian use. The USA owns GPS technology and the Department
of Defense maintains it. The basis of the GPS technology is a set of 24 satellites that are continuously
orbiting the earth. These satellites are equipped with atomic clocks and send out radio signals as to the exact
time and their location. These radio signals from the satellites are picked up by the GPS receiver. Once the
GPS receiver locks on to four or more of these satellites, it can triangulate its location from the known
positions of the satellites. It is a high performance, low power satellite based model. It is a cost effective and
portable system which accurately detects the location [13].
RESULTS AND COMPARISIONS
This paper gives a diffent way of approaching the problem. The accident location can be located
easily and the detection of accident is precise unlike the prior approaches, where detection of accident is done
by either of the two sensors. In this approach the accident is detected by both the vibration and microelectro
mechanical sensor and there is an alternative way provided to stop the whole process of meassaging through
a switch. Where as the other approaches provide only one way of detecting the accident. Hence this paper has
an edge over the other earlier approaches.
CONCLUSION
With the advent of science and technology in every walk of life the importance of vehicle safety has
increased and the main priority is being given to reduce the alarming time when an accident occur, so that the
wounded lives can be attended in lesser time by the rescue team. This paper provides the design which has
the advantages of low cost, portability, small size and easy expansibility. The platform of the system is ARM
along with MEMS, Vibration sensor, GPS and GSM, interfacing which shortens the alarm time to a large
extent and locate the site of accident accurately. This system can overcome the problems of lack of
automated system for accident location detection. Consequently, the time for searching the location is
reduced and the person can be treated as soon as possible which will save many lives. This system will have
broad application prospects as it integrates the positioning systems and the network of medical based
services. The accident can be detected by both vibration sensor and MEMS sensor which will give the
accurate information. The controller will process the data, as soon as input is received by the controller the
alarm is ON and message is sent through the GSM module. The geographical coordinates and the time of the
site of the accident is detected by the GPS module. An alternate condition is given by pressing a switch, in
order to interrupt the flow of sending the message in case of no casualty; this will help to save time of
medical rescue team and unnecessary alarming which creates havoc in such unusual conditions. The accident
location automatic detection will help us to provide security to the vehicles and to the lives of the people. The
high priority is given to the lives of the people. Hence, this paper provides a feasible solution to traffic
hazards and it gives security to vehicle and reduces loss of valuable lives and property.