project maker
06-08-2014, 12:28 PM
Design of a Power Saving Home Automation
System
[attachment=66641]
Abstract
—The goal of our project is to design a user-friendly
home automation system which can be easily integrated into
existing homes and businesses. This home automation system
controls temperature, lights, and plug-ins based on user specifi-
cations. overall, the project subsystems (person tracker, light and
temperature control) are working to specifications. Currently, our
user interface is in the process of being worked.
INTRODUCTION
The price of electricity and demand for power is predicted
to increase exponentially in the next several years. In fact, the
world’s demand for power is rising faster than the demand
can be met. Consequently, industries, homes, and businesses
are already taking power saving measures to save money
and to become more environmentally friendly. Power saving
techniques seem to have a small impact to each individual,
but as the price and demand for electricity rises, the collective
power saving actions of everyone will make a significant
difference. How many times have you forgotten to turn off the
lights or TV when you stopped using them? Have you even
turned the kitchen lights on to grab dinner and then leave them
on when you left to watch TV? Chances are that situations
similar to this have happened to all of us- and it happens
every day. Currently, there are home automation systems on
the market that have the ability to turn off lights automatically
to help save money. The problem is that the savings are so little
in comparison to the initial cost of the system. These systems
are bought for their convenience and not their power saving
capabilities.
The goal of our project is to help people save money on
their power bills. In many households, it is common practice
to turn the temperature down during the work day or at night,
to turn lights off when a room is not occupied, and to try not
leave electrical devices running such as computers or TV’s.
Our project will be able to handle all of this automatically.
To reach this goal, our project must be cheap enough that the
client will save more money using the device then they paid
for it, and user-friendly enough for easy integration into any
home or business. The total cost of our project came out to
be $ 310.53. The cost of expanding it to control an entire
house would be ∼ $ 12 per outlet, ∼ $ 10 per light, ∼ $
10 per person tracking doorway, and ∼ $ 20 per PIR. For
an average house with an estimated 7 rooms with 12 lights
and 21 outlets total cost would be ∼ $ 915 for entire house to
be automated (including all wiring supplies). With the average
bill for a house this size is ∼ $ 130 [1]. On the highest energy
saving setting out project would save the end user about $ 10-
20 per month. These saving would pay for the entire unit after
at most 8 years, while still increasing standard of living from
the increase of automation
Power Supply
Since our product is hardwired in a house, it was naturally
determined that the household power supply would be used as
our main power source. Extensive research and care is taken
in proper hazard assessment in dealing with 120VAC power
supply, as well as in ADC converters and voltage regulators, to
provide the required voltages and currents to the components
in our system. As seen in figure 9, 120VAC is fed into pin
1 of the VSKS3- 9U AC/DC converter with a fuse connected
before pin 1 to protect the AC to DC converter. Capacitors are
used to remove noise and to produce a dc-like output signal.
The output of the AC to DC converter is 9V on pin 16, which
is fed to the inputs of the LM7805 and L78L33 to get 5V and
3.3V respectively. The 5V and 3.3V is then routed to power
all the other parts in our home automation system
F. Overall Connection
The inputs to our XInC2 are the light sensors, current
temperature, and PIR. All of these inputs are fed into the input
shift register, which is connected to the XInC2. In this project
only one 8-bit input shift register was used because of the
small scale of our demo (2 light sensor inputs, 1 PIR, and 1
temperature sensor input). The outputs of the system go from
the XInC2 to the output shift register to the light/outlet control
subsystem and the temperature control subsystem. Again only
one 8-bit output shift register was used because there is 2
outputs to the light/outlet control subsystem and 3 to the
temperature control subsystem
I. CONCLUSION
As of April 1st, 2011, the subsystems have been tested and
are working and we have begun testing interactions between
our firmware and subsystems. The final projecting interface of
our device can be seen in figure 17. Most of the components in
the subsystems will be hidden from view in the wall, leaving
just the buttons, LCD, and MCU to be mounted on the wall
where traditionally the thermostat is positioned.
System
[attachment=66641]
Abstract
—The goal of our project is to design a user-friendly
home automation system which can be easily integrated into
existing homes and businesses. This home automation system
controls temperature, lights, and plug-ins based on user specifi-
cations. overall, the project subsystems (person tracker, light and
temperature control) are working to specifications. Currently, our
user interface is in the process of being worked.
INTRODUCTION
The price of electricity and demand for power is predicted
to increase exponentially in the next several years. In fact, the
world’s demand for power is rising faster than the demand
can be met. Consequently, industries, homes, and businesses
are already taking power saving measures to save money
and to become more environmentally friendly. Power saving
techniques seem to have a small impact to each individual,
but as the price and demand for electricity rises, the collective
power saving actions of everyone will make a significant
difference. How many times have you forgotten to turn off the
lights or TV when you stopped using them? Have you even
turned the kitchen lights on to grab dinner and then leave them
on when you left to watch TV? Chances are that situations
similar to this have happened to all of us- and it happens
every day. Currently, there are home automation systems on
the market that have the ability to turn off lights automatically
to help save money. The problem is that the savings are so little
in comparison to the initial cost of the system. These systems
are bought for their convenience and not their power saving
capabilities.
The goal of our project is to help people save money on
their power bills. In many households, it is common practice
to turn the temperature down during the work day or at night,
to turn lights off when a room is not occupied, and to try not
leave electrical devices running such as computers or TV’s.
Our project will be able to handle all of this automatically.
To reach this goal, our project must be cheap enough that the
client will save more money using the device then they paid
for it, and user-friendly enough for easy integration into any
home or business. The total cost of our project came out to
be $ 310.53. The cost of expanding it to control an entire
house would be ∼ $ 12 per outlet, ∼ $ 10 per light, ∼ $
10 per person tracking doorway, and ∼ $ 20 per PIR. For
an average house with an estimated 7 rooms with 12 lights
and 21 outlets total cost would be ∼ $ 915 for entire house to
be automated (including all wiring supplies). With the average
bill for a house this size is ∼ $ 130 [1]. On the highest energy
saving setting out project would save the end user about $ 10-
20 per month. These saving would pay for the entire unit after
at most 8 years, while still increasing standard of living from
the increase of automation
Power Supply
Since our product is hardwired in a house, it was naturally
determined that the household power supply would be used as
our main power source. Extensive research and care is taken
in proper hazard assessment in dealing with 120VAC power
supply, as well as in ADC converters and voltage regulators, to
provide the required voltages and currents to the components
in our system. As seen in figure 9, 120VAC is fed into pin
1 of the VSKS3- 9U AC/DC converter with a fuse connected
before pin 1 to protect the AC to DC converter. Capacitors are
used to remove noise and to produce a dc-like output signal.
The output of the AC to DC converter is 9V on pin 16, which
is fed to the inputs of the LM7805 and L78L33 to get 5V and
3.3V respectively. The 5V and 3.3V is then routed to power
all the other parts in our home automation system
F. Overall Connection
The inputs to our XInC2 are the light sensors, current
temperature, and PIR. All of these inputs are fed into the input
shift register, which is connected to the XInC2. In this project
only one 8-bit input shift register was used because of the
small scale of our demo (2 light sensor inputs, 1 PIR, and 1
temperature sensor input). The outputs of the system go from
the XInC2 to the output shift register to the light/outlet control
subsystem and the temperature control subsystem. Again only
one 8-bit output shift register was used because there is 2
outputs to the light/outlet control subsystem and 3 to the
temperature control subsystem
I. CONCLUSION
As of April 1st, 2011, the subsystems have been tested and
are working and we have begun testing interactions between
our firmware and subsystems. The final projecting interface of
our device can be seen in figure 17. Most of the components in
the subsystems will be hidden from view in the wall, leaving
just the buttons, LCD, and MCU to be mounted on the wall
where traditionally the thermostat is positioned.