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Abstract

PHP 5 introduces abstract classes and methods. Classes defined as abstract may not be instantiated, and any class that contains at least one abstract method must also be abstract. Methods defined as abstract simply declare the method's signature - they cannot define the implementation. When inheriting from an abstract class, all methods marked abstract in the parent's class declaration must be defined by the child; additionally, these methods must be defined with the same (or a less restricted) visibility. For example, if the abstract method is defined as protected, the function implementation must be defined as either protected or public, but not private. Furthermore the signatures of the methods must match, i.e. the type hints and the number of required arguments must be the same. For example, if the child class defines an optional argument, where the abstract method's signature does not, there is no conflict in the signature. This also applies to constructors as of PHP 5.4. Before 5.4 constructor signatures could differ. That’s the theory for defining a regular class in PHP, so let’s go one step further and ask ourselves: what’s an abstract class? In the simplest sense, an abstract class is a class that cannot (and should not) be instantiated. This may sound a little illogical for beginning programmers, but there are situations where this concept makes a lot of sense. Anyone who has spent considerable time using the object model provided by PHP 4 knows what a class is, but just in case you’ve forgotten this concept, let’s go over the basics quickly. In PHP a class is merely a set of statements that perform a specific task, and its definition contains both properties and methods, which act as the blueprint from which to create –- or instantiate -– independent objects.




Introduction

PHP is a server-side scripting language designed for web development but also used as a general-purpose programming language. PHP is now installed on more than 244 million websites and 2.1 million web servers. Originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995, the reference implementation of PHP is now produced by The PHP Group. While PHP originally stood for Personal Home Page, it now stands for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor, a recursive acronym. PHP code is interpreted by a web server with a PHP processor module, which generates the resulting web page: PHP commands can be embedded directly into an HTML source document rather than calling an external file to process data. It has also evolved to include a command-line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical applications. PHP is free software released under the PHP License, which is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL) due to restrictions on the usage of the term PHP. PHP can be deployed on most web servers and also as a standalone shell on almost every operating system and platform, free of charge. PHP is an acronym for "PHP Hypertext Pre-processor” PHP is a widely-used, open source scripting language PHP scripts are executed on the server PHP costs nothing, it is free to download and use



Some Basics:

PHP is a scripting language – it gets interpreted instead of being compiled like C++ and Java.
Unlike JavaScript which is executed by the web browser, all PHP code is executed on the web server. The syntax is very similar to Perl and C. Variables are case sensitive, function names are not, and statements must be terminated with a semicolon. PHP code should be placed between <? Code?> or <? Php code?> tags. The second method is preferred so your scripts are XML compatible. There is no limitation as to where PHP code can be inserted. To see information about how PHP is configured, version information, and the settings of all environment variables (e.g., HTTP_USER_AGENT and QUERY_STRING), call the phpinfo () function in any script. The php.ini file is the main configuration file for PHP. It can be edited by the system administrator to change any of the configuration settings. A change to this file requires the web server be restarted since the file is only read once when the web server starts up. (The phpinfo() function reports the location of



Data base:

A database is a separate application that stores a collection of data. Each database has one or more distinct APIs for creating, accessing, managing, searching and replicating the data it holds. Other kinds of data stores can be used, such as files on the file system or large hash tables in memory but data fetching and writing would not be so fast and easy with those types of systems.

Sql and &or operators:

The AND operator displays a record if both the first condition AND the second condition are true. The OR operator displays a record if either the first condition OR the second condition is true.

Rdbms:

RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System. RDBMS is the basis for SQL, and for all modern database systems such as MS SQL Server, IBM DB2, Oracle, MySQL, and Microsoft Access. The data in RDBMS is stored in database objects called tables. A table is a collection of related data entries and it consists of columns and rows.



Conclusion:

PHP is a great tool for writing dynamic web pages. Non-technical users can easily learn a few handy tricks to make their web pages easier to manage, and more useful. Because its syntax resembles most C-like languages, any Computer Science student is able to learn it very quickly. When creating a PHP enhanced pages, there are a few things we must remember.PHP is a server side technology, and does not work in a browser. The filename must have .php extension.PHP enhanced pages can contain a mixture of HTML and PHP code.PHP code must be enclosed in <?php?> tag. For more PHP information and tips, please visit php.net, or do a web search. You'll find tons of PHP-related material. Happy coding! Do you want your Perl code on one server to call your PHP functions on another? "Impossible!" you say? Not with XML-RPC. XML-RPC is a standard way for any application to make requests and receive responses from methods write