27-08-2014, 12:15 PM
GSM Based Smart Distribution System
[attachment=67125]
ABSTRACT
Non technical losses (NTL) during transmission of electrical energy are a
main problem in developing countries. It is so complicated for the utility
companies to detect and fight the people responsible for the theft. Electricity
theft forms a main chunk of non technical losses (NTL). These losses affect
the quality of supply, increase load on the generating station, and affect tariff
forced on actual consumers. This paper shows some common methods used
by consumers for electricity theft and also proposes an architectural
distribution system for theft detection using GSM based smart energy meter.
The Inspiration of this work is to detect illegal consumers, preserve and
successfully utilize energy. As well as smart meters are proposed to provide
automatic readings/data of dissimilar parameters related to instantaneous
power consumption via GSM. It will reduce the laborious task and financial
expenditure by adopting the automatic meter reading instead of the manual
meter reading process and bill data entry process.
INTRODUCTION
Even after taking numbers of measure for closing the doors of theft detection and tampering such
as introducing the electronic meter, the cost of electricity is still going up. This is due to the lack of
professionalism in the management of distribution, measuring system and generous administrative
expenses. The Present system of meter reading is a boring and an expensive one (e.g. In Pakistan), as a
number of meter readers have to go and take the reading manually (from the consumer’s house) to issue
energy bill, which will later be, entered into the software to computerize the billing and payment system.
Moreover, the opportunity of tampering, the reading details and not exposure the theft attempts are
extremely common. Another key problem with the existing system is that if one electronic energy meter
breaks down (damages or stopped due to some technical fault), the office will come to know only after
two or even take more months and to repair or replace the damaged meter, depending on the duty of the
person who is going to take the meter reading of consumers (in Pakistan). Here now the following section
shows that how a consumer can illegally use the electricity.
. Communications through GSM:
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is the world's most well accepted standard for
mobile telephony systems GSM is used by over 1.5 billion people across more than 212 countries and
territories. GSM also pioneered a low-cost (economical) implementation of the short message service (SMS)
which allows parties to exchange delayed tolerant short text messages. The popularity and wide coverage of
cellular networks have attracted researchers to consider the use of the SMS service.
Though there are certain questionable issues concerning GSM network such as its scalability,
reliability and security, especially under high load. SMS messages are generally treated as lower-priority
traffic than voice, and various studies have shown that around 1% to 5% of messages are lost entirely, even
during normal operating conditions, [6] and others may not be delivered until long after their relevance has
passed, [7] Using SMS for AMR service will definitely increase the flow of messages tremendously. This
proposed distribution system will communicate the database station, and the specified whole distribution
system with GSM technology used in the smart energy meters.
2.3. Automatic Meter Reading (AMR):
The proposed system contains GSM based smart energy meters, having the feature of automatic
meter reading. A GSM based smart energy meter will be connected to the transformer secondary winding,
which will measure the total output power going in the distributor. The measured value shall be sent via GSM to
the central database station after a specified interval. Consumer’s energy consumption will also be measured by
a GSM based smart energy meter connected to service main of the specific consumer. The consumer energy
meter will also send the measured value via GSM to the central database station after a specified interval. Both
of sending values shall be compared by central database station (software). If any difference calculated (having
tolerance of 6% to 10%) between both values, indicates illegal usage of electricity on a specific transformer in a
specified interval of time.
ADVANTAGES
After implementing this proposed distribution system, this system will have some advantages over the
present distribution system. Some of them are given below.
• Eliminate Chances of Meter Tampering: This system uses GSM based smart energy meters with built in
tamper with detection ability, which removes any chance of mechanical tampering.
• Decrease Meter Reading Costs: Since the load of traveling to read the energy meter reading are removed
by using GSM technology, the costs are considerably reduced.
• Quick Determination of Account Queries: As there can be no meter reading record errors, consumer
objections will be less. On-line determination of account queries will be available to resolve consumer
complaints.
• Enhanced Consumer Care Facilities: The consumer can get full details of his energy consumption as a
database for every consumer is being conserved.
• Better Energy Management: Since the load arrangement of a particular area and consumers will be
available through the Database, it will accelerate load shedding in the case of the energy shortfall. The
system will enable relaxed energy audits.
• Decrease in Power Theft: Because of the actual time theft detection system, power thefts can be
extremely decreased or removed.
• In this proposed system all power information can be collected at a centralized single point. Using the
same transmitter permits the line voltage, line current and other measurements at various points to be
examined by the centralized station. This data can be used in load shedding and fault analysis. The fault
position can easily find out using this type of arrangement and fault clearance time can be considerably
reduced, thereby increasing system reliability.
• By applying this kind of the remote monitoring system for collecting energy usage Figures through the
SM; transmission losses can be acknowledged at the same time so that exactly where the loss is
occurring can be identified. The other significant benefit of using this system is that a tampered energy
meter can be rapidly sensed, and power pilferage can be decreased.
He country has lost power worth Rs90 billion during the calendar year 2010 on account of leakages
and theft in power system derailing the efforts of government to address issues of load shedding across the
country that has hit the economic growth. The lost electricity has also been cited as the major reason behind
the circular debt that has plagued the entire energy chain. The loss of electricity worth Rs90 billion is in
addition to the transmission and distribution losses allowed by National Electric Power Regulatory Authority
(Nepra) up to 13-14 per cent during 2010 [9]. This system gives a basic idea for theft detection. Every
transformer can be equipped with a meter that sends the meter readings to the authority. By comparing the
number of outgoing units and the units consumed by the consumers in that particular area, a report can be
generated. If there are any mismatches that is, the sum of the units consumed are less than the outgoing units,
there is an energy theft at that location. This way theft can be detected, and preventive measures can be taken to
avoid the same.
CONCLUSION
This proposed distribution system for theft detection using GSM based smart energy meter presented
in this paper fascinate many advance studies in computer technology and communication technology. The
meter reading job can be completed at the management department of residence area by using this system.
Meantime, the energy resources Management divisions can monitor the utilization of power in order to
advance the utility of power. Once this proposed distribution system is applied in the real life, the distribution
losses in Pakistan can be decreased efficiently, and all possibilities of electricity theft will be eliminated. So
tampering for electricity theft is impossible. Due to this distribution system, the congestion of the transformer
is identified, eliminated, and load management is done easily. By using different tariff rates for peak hours, we
can discourage the demand at peak hours.
[attachment=67125]
ABSTRACT
Non technical losses (NTL) during transmission of electrical energy are a
main problem in developing countries. It is so complicated for the utility
companies to detect and fight the people responsible for the theft. Electricity
theft forms a main chunk of non technical losses (NTL). These losses affect
the quality of supply, increase load on the generating station, and affect tariff
forced on actual consumers. This paper shows some common methods used
by consumers for electricity theft and also proposes an architectural
distribution system for theft detection using GSM based smart energy meter.
The Inspiration of this work is to detect illegal consumers, preserve and
successfully utilize energy. As well as smart meters are proposed to provide
automatic readings/data of dissimilar parameters related to instantaneous
power consumption via GSM. It will reduce the laborious task and financial
expenditure by adopting the automatic meter reading instead of the manual
meter reading process and bill data entry process.
INTRODUCTION
Even after taking numbers of measure for closing the doors of theft detection and tampering such
as introducing the electronic meter, the cost of electricity is still going up. This is due to the lack of
professionalism in the management of distribution, measuring system and generous administrative
expenses. The Present system of meter reading is a boring and an expensive one (e.g. In Pakistan), as a
number of meter readers have to go and take the reading manually (from the consumer’s house) to issue
energy bill, which will later be, entered into the software to computerize the billing and payment system.
Moreover, the opportunity of tampering, the reading details and not exposure the theft attempts are
extremely common. Another key problem with the existing system is that if one electronic energy meter
breaks down (damages or stopped due to some technical fault), the office will come to know only after
two or even take more months and to repair or replace the damaged meter, depending on the duty of the
person who is going to take the meter reading of consumers (in Pakistan). Here now the following section
shows that how a consumer can illegally use the electricity.
. Communications through GSM:
Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is the world's most well accepted standard for
mobile telephony systems GSM is used by over 1.5 billion people across more than 212 countries and
territories. GSM also pioneered a low-cost (economical) implementation of the short message service (SMS)
which allows parties to exchange delayed tolerant short text messages. The popularity and wide coverage of
cellular networks have attracted researchers to consider the use of the SMS service.
Though there are certain questionable issues concerning GSM network such as its scalability,
reliability and security, especially under high load. SMS messages are generally treated as lower-priority
traffic than voice, and various studies have shown that around 1% to 5% of messages are lost entirely, even
during normal operating conditions, [6] and others may not be delivered until long after their relevance has
passed, [7] Using SMS for AMR service will definitely increase the flow of messages tremendously. This
proposed distribution system will communicate the database station, and the specified whole distribution
system with GSM technology used in the smart energy meters.
2.3. Automatic Meter Reading (AMR):
The proposed system contains GSM based smart energy meters, having the feature of automatic
meter reading. A GSM based smart energy meter will be connected to the transformer secondary winding,
which will measure the total output power going in the distributor. The measured value shall be sent via GSM to
the central database station after a specified interval. Consumer’s energy consumption will also be measured by
a GSM based smart energy meter connected to service main of the specific consumer. The consumer energy
meter will also send the measured value via GSM to the central database station after a specified interval. Both
of sending values shall be compared by central database station (software). If any difference calculated (having
tolerance of 6% to 10%) between both values, indicates illegal usage of electricity on a specific transformer in a
specified interval of time.
ADVANTAGES
After implementing this proposed distribution system, this system will have some advantages over the
present distribution system. Some of them are given below.
• Eliminate Chances of Meter Tampering: This system uses GSM based smart energy meters with built in
tamper with detection ability, which removes any chance of mechanical tampering.
• Decrease Meter Reading Costs: Since the load of traveling to read the energy meter reading are removed
by using GSM technology, the costs are considerably reduced.
• Quick Determination of Account Queries: As there can be no meter reading record errors, consumer
objections will be less. On-line determination of account queries will be available to resolve consumer
complaints.
• Enhanced Consumer Care Facilities: The consumer can get full details of his energy consumption as a
database for every consumer is being conserved.
• Better Energy Management: Since the load arrangement of a particular area and consumers will be
available through the Database, it will accelerate load shedding in the case of the energy shortfall. The
system will enable relaxed energy audits.
• Decrease in Power Theft: Because of the actual time theft detection system, power thefts can be
extremely decreased or removed.
• In this proposed system all power information can be collected at a centralized single point. Using the
same transmitter permits the line voltage, line current and other measurements at various points to be
examined by the centralized station. This data can be used in load shedding and fault analysis. The fault
position can easily find out using this type of arrangement and fault clearance time can be considerably
reduced, thereby increasing system reliability.
• By applying this kind of the remote monitoring system for collecting energy usage Figures through the
SM; transmission losses can be acknowledged at the same time so that exactly where the loss is
occurring can be identified. The other significant benefit of using this system is that a tampered energy
meter can be rapidly sensed, and power pilferage can be decreased.
He country has lost power worth Rs90 billion during the calendar year 2010 on account of leakages
and theft in power system derailing the efforts of government to address issues of load shedding across the
country that has hit the economic growth. The lost electricity has also been cited as the major reason behind
the circular debt that has plagued the entire energy chain. The loss of electricity worth Rs90 billion is in
addition to the transmission and distribution losses allowed by National Electric Power Regulatory Authority
(Nepra) up to 13-14 per cent during 2010 [9]. This system gives a basic idea for theft detection. Every
transformer can be equipped with a meter that sends the meter readings to the authority. By comparing the
number of outgoing units and the units consumed by the consumers in that particular area, a report can be
generated. If there are any mismatches that is, the sum of the units consumed are less than the outgoing units,
there is an energy theft at that location. This way theft can be detected, and preventive measures can be taken to
avoid the same.
CONCLUSION
This proposed distribution system for theft detection using GSM based smart energy meter presented
in this paper fascinate many advance studies in computer technology and communication technology. The
meter reading job can be completed at the management department of residence area by using this system.
Meantime, the energy resources Management divisions can monitor the utilization of power in order to
advance the utility of power. Once this proposed distribution system is applied in the real life, the distribution
losses in Pakistan can be decreased efficiently, and all possibilities of electricity theft will be eliminated. So
tampering for electricity theft is impossible. Due to this distribution system, the congestion of the transformer
is identified, eliminated, and load management is done easily. By using different tariff rates for peak hours, we
can discourage the demand at peak hours.