01-09-2014, 01:08 PM
MOBILE COMMERCE
[attachment=67504]
INTRODUCTION
Electronic commerce continues to see the phenomenal growth but, so far most e-commerce development involves wired infrastructures. We believe emerging wireless and mobile networks will provide new avenues for growth, creating new opportunities in mobile commerce.
Dotcom business may be falling by the wayside, but the percentage of commerce happening via the web continues to grow. Meanwhile, hundreds of millions of cellular subscribers worldwide are gaining access to new wireless data choices, including Web enabled cell phones, handled computers and PDA’s.Combine these facts, and you get an industry with an unbelievable potential called mobile commerce or m-commerce.
Not convinced? How about this: A woman is looking at a DVD player in a store and is ready to buy, but she isn’t sure if the store is offering the best price. Using the micro browser on her cell, phone, she quickly determines that your online enterprise is selling the player for 10 percent less, she purchases it from you right then for delivery next day.
Or, you send your subscriber an alert on his Palm to him know tickets have just gone on sale for one of his favourite performers, before the subscriber even knows the singer is coming to twn/witnin minutes, the customer selects the best seats in his price range and purchases tickets from you.
Whether this convinces you or not, International Data corp. forecasts that $21billion worth of mobile commerce will take place in 20004,while Gartner Group predicts that 40 percent of B2c (business to consumer) e_commerce in that same year will occur over wireless connections. Already, the big e-commerce players, such as Amazon.com and Yahoo, are offering mobile options.
Content and applications must still be developed in multiple mobile formats. Security questions continue to dog the industry. And evolving payment systems and networks, markup languages and devices has made developing mobile commerce applications so complex that most organizations seeking to mobilize applications need help. Fortunately elp is available from a rapidly expanding array of middleware solutions wireless ASP(application service provider).
EVOLUTION OF AN INDUSTRY
The first big wireless applications deployed in the early 1990s, were field service and dispatch. Both applications facilitate commerce but don’t involve transactions. We focused on mobile commerce applications that involve actual transactions. In which a user securely purchases or sells goods or services. Current choices are a tiny subset of what will become possible with new technology, financial settlement systems, devices and networks
WIRELESS USER INFRASTRUCTURE
To realize these applications, we need several functional components, starting with a mobile device with sufficient memory, an appropriate display, and communications functionalities. Several suitable models are now available, such as Palm pilot a personal digital assistant(PDA) with a wireless modem and the Nokia Communicator a mobile phone with computing functions. These devices are oriented toward either communication or computing, but in the near future these distinctions could disappear as intelligent mobile devices evolve
WIRELESS AND MOBILE MIDDLEWARE
Middleware unites different applications, tools, networks, and technologies, giving users a common interface. Mobile middleware is an enabling layer of software to connect e-commerce applications with different mobile networks and operating systems without introducing mobility awareness the need to adjust to wide variations in bandwidth and resulting delays, and changes in user location in the applications. Middleware gives applications better response times and far better reliability. Typically, middleware uses optimization techniques, such as header compression, delayed acknowledgements, and concatenation of several smaller packets into one to reduce wireless network traffic. Some middleware supports intelligent restarts, which take the user to the break point after disconnection instead of back to the beginning. Middleware, however, does introduce additional complexity and significant initial cost.
ARCHITECTURE AND PROTOCOLS
A Mobile commerce application can be broken down into three parts the user device, the Website hosting the application and the payment mechanism. In addition, various gateways come into play. In the simplest model, a Web site would deliver HTML directly to a mobile device, and a protocol such as SSl(secure sockets layer) or TLS(Transport Layer Security) would secure communications.
To settle transactions, the Web site would communicate with a financial network either directly or via a third party. This structure merely replaces a standard desktop browser with one operating on a mobile device and a wired link in fact, HTML browsers are available for Palm and Pocket Pc devices.
But most deployments are more complicated than this because of slow wireless-link speeds and multiple network and device type.
Most mobile-commerce application developers want to support as many mobile devices as possible. One approach might be to format the content in WML (wireless markup Language) which would make the application available for handleds. What’s wrong with this picture? Plenty. Supporting all the different types of available mobile devices requires either an extraordinary amount of development effort or a third -party solution.
THE TROUBLE WITH WAP
WAP is getting a bad rap. Originally toured as a panavea for the wireless industry, the Wireless Application Protocol. Is now getting bad press because of interoperability problems and minuscule market adoption where it’s been deployed. WAP does indeed have interoperability issues . For example, vendors browser and gateway implementations are inconsistent.
But this is being addressed by new interoperability testing programs. Furthermore, some critics dislike having to learn a new markup language.
SECURITY
The wireless model we have described raises a serious security concern since ASP might decrypt messages received from the mobile unit. Some ASPs can pass on messages without decrypting them; you should investigate this aspect with vendors of interest. As for the security protocols used in the mobile unit and wireless ASP or the middleware platform typical protocols include SSL with 3DES encryption.
The wireless model we have described raises a serious security concern since ASP might decrypt messages received from the mobile unit. Some ASPs can pass on messages without decrypting them; you should investigate this aspect with vendors of interest. As for the security protocols used in the mobile unit and wireless ASP or the middleware platform typical protocols include SSL with 3DES encryption
SETTLEMENT AND PAYMENTS
Most of today’s mobile-commerce applications are extensions of Web based e-commerce solutions, which typically use credit cards for payment. However, as these applications mature and the variety of mobile-commerce transactions broadens, settlement systems will have to change. Simply put we nedd generally available, secure electronic wallet and electronic-cash mechanisms. Thus will take years, but many approaches have already been introduced.
To make purchases using many of today’s Web-based commerce applications customers must enter their credit card information clearly an unwieldy approach with a mobile device and one that raises security concerns. If the credit card is already on file with a merchant all the user has to do is authenticate himself or herself. But users don’t want to have to register their credit cards with numerous merchants
Travel Industry
While many industries will thrive due to M-commerce technology, the travel industry is expected to be a major component of this market. Travel will benefit from all advantages of the m-commerce, including - ubiquity, interoperability, reachability, security, convenience, localisation and personalisation.
Specific applications of a mobile Internet device in the travel sector include the following:
Cross-urban transportation services (purchase of travel tickets, real-time arrival/departure information, receive delay/gate/connection information, confirmation, change itinerary, and frequent flyer information).
Urban transportation (taxi service, car/limousine service, and car rental).
Accommodations (lodging, wake-up calls, and food service/delivery).
Time/place sensitive information (traffic reports, weather reports, and direction services).
ACTIVATING THE MOBILE MARKET
The mobile commerce is one of the groups of applications killer of the Society of the Mobile Information. With Nokia like partner, you will be able to offer solutions of highest level in terms of applications of m-commerce, payment and emergency. The happened one in the mobile commerce not only depends on the single applications, but also from their ability to work entirety without difficulties. The sophistication total is essential in order to render simpler the interaction between the applications possible for makes a subscriber to it to you. The advance solutions of Nokia - Nokia Payment Solution and Nokia Signet Solution - they help to construct an atmosphere of easy fruizione for the applications of m-commerce.
The Nokia Payment Solution is a payment platform that supports specific WAP 1,1 and 1,2 and the hit to the web. The base characteristics are the authorization to the payments and the recording of the transactions, with functions of price, instruments and compensation. The Nokia Payment Solution supports multiple pay channels, like debit and credit cards, telephone bill prepaid and postpaid and borsellino virtual, as an example for the micropayments
CONCLUSION
M-commerce is generally referred to as all transactions that are conducted via a mobile phone. Effectively, it is the wireless equivalent of the fixed Internet E-commerce. When there is increase in network reliability and redundancy, improve security Mobile commerce is very effective
[attachment=67504]
INTRODUCTION
Electronic commerce continues to see the phenomenal growth but, so far most e-commerce development involves wired infrastructures. We believe emerging wireless and mobile networks will provide new avenues for growth, creating new opportunities in mobile commerce.
Dotcom business may be falling by the wayside, but the percentage of commerce happening via the web continues to grow. Meanwhile, hundreds of millions of cellular subscribers worldwide are gaining access to new wireless data choices, including Web enabled cell phones, handled computers and PDA’s.Combine these facts, and you get an industry with an unbelievable potential called mobile commerce or m-commerce.
Not convinced? How about this: A woman is looking at a DVD player in a store and is ready to buy, but she isn’t sure if the store is offering the best price. Using the micro browser on her cell, phone, she quickly determines that your online enterprise is selling the player for 10 percent less, she purchases it from you right then for delivery next day.
Or, you send your subscriber an alert on his Palm to him know tickets have just gone on sale for one of his favourite performers, before the subscriber even knows the singer is coming to twn/witnin minutes, the customer selects the best seats in his price range and purchases tickets from you.
Whether this convinces you or not, International Data corp. forecasts that $21billion worth of mobile commerce will take place in 20004,while Gartner Group predicts that 40 percent of B2c (business to consumer) e_commerce in that same year will occur over wireless connections. Already, the big e-commerce players, such as Amazon.com and Yahoo, are offering mobile options.
Content and applications must still be developed in multiple mobile formats. Security questions continue to dog the industry. And evolving payment systems and networks, markup languages and devices has made developing mobile commerce applications so complex that most organizations seeking to mobilize applications need help. Fortunately elp is available from a rapidly expanding array of middleware solutions wireless ASP(application service provider).
EVOLUTION OF AN INDUSTRY
The first big wireless applications deployed in the early 1990s, were field service and dispatch. Both applications facilitate commerce but don’t involve transactions. We focused on mobile commerce applications that involve actual transactions. In which a user securely purchases or sells goods or services. Current choices are a tiny subset of what will become possible with new technology, financial settlement systems, devices and networks
WIRELESS USER INFRASTRUCTURE
To realize these applications, we need several functional components, starting with a mobile device with sufficient memory, an appropriate display, and communications functionalities. Several suitable models are now available, such as Palm pilot a personal digital assistant(PDA) with a wireless modem and the Nokia Communicator a mobile phone with computing functions. These devices are oriented toward either communication or computing, but in the near future these distinctions could disappear as intelligent mobile devices evolve
WIRELESS AND MOBILE MIDDLEWARE
Middleware unites different applications, tools, networks, and technologies, giving users a common interface. Mobile middleware is an enabling layer of software to connect e-commerce applications with different mobile networks and operating systems without introducing mobility awareness the need to adjust to wide variations in bandwidth and resulting delays, and changes in user location in the applications. Middleware gives applications better response times and far better reliability. Typically, middleware uses optimization techniques, such as header compression, delayed acknowledgements, and concatenation of several smaller packets into one to reduce wireless network traffic. Some middleware supports intelligent restarts, which take the user to the break point after disconnection instead of back to the beginning. Middleware, however, does introduce additional complexity and significant initial cost.
ARCHITECTURE AND PROTOCOLS
A Mobile commerce application can be broken down into three parts the user device, the Website hosting the application and the payment mechanism. In addition, various gateways come into play. In the simplest model, a Web site would deliver HTML directly to a mobile device, and a protocol such as SSl(secure sockets layer) or TLS(Transport Layer Security) would secure communications.
To settle transactions, the Web site would communicate with a financial network either directly or via a third party. This structure merely replaces a standard desktop browser with one operating on a mobile device and a wired link in fact, HTML browsers are available for Palm and Pocket Pc devices.
But most deployments are more complicated than this because of slow wireless-link speeds and multiple network and device type.
Most mobile-commerce application developers want to support as many mobile devices as possible. One approach might be to format the content in WML (wireless markup Language) which would make the application available for handleds. What’s wrong with this picture? Plenty. Supporting all the different types of available mobile devices requires either an extraordinary amount of development effort or a third -party solution.
THE TROUBLE WITH WAP
WAP is getting a bad rap. Originally toured as a panavea for the wireless industry, the Wireless Application Protocol. Is now getting bad press because of interoperability problems and minuscule market adoption where it’s been deployed. WAP does indeed have interoperability issues . For example, vendors browser and gateway implementations are inconsistent.
But this is being addressed by new interoperability testing programs. Furthermore, some critics dislike having to learn a new markup language.
SECURITY
The wireless model we have described raises a serious security concern since ASP might decrypt messages received from the mobile unit. Some ASPs can pass on messages without decrypting them; you should investigate this aspect with vendors of interest. As for the security protocols used in the mobile unit and wireless ASP or the middleware platform typical protocols include SSL with 3DES encryption.
The wireless model we have described raises a serious security concern since ASP might decrypt messages received from the mobile unit. Some ASPs can pass on messages without decrypting them; you should investigate this aspect with vendors of interest. As for the security protocols used in the mobile unit and wireless ASP or the middleware platform typical protocols include SSL with 3DES encryption
SETTLEMENT AND PAYMENTS
Most of today’s mobile-commerce applications are extensions of Web based e-commerce solutions, which typically use credit cards for payment. However, as these applications mature and the variety of mobile-commerce transactions broadens, settlement systems will have to change. Simply put we nedd generally available, secure electronic wallet and electronic-cash mechanisms. Thus will take years, but many approaches have already been introduced.
To make purchases using many of today’s Web-based commerce applications customers must enter their credit card information clearly an unwieldy approach with a mobile device and one that raises security concerns. If the credit card is already on file with a merchant all the user has to do is authenticate himself or herself. But users don’t want to have to register their credit cards with numerous merchants
Travel Industry
While many industries will thrive due to M-commerce technology, the travel industry is expected to be a major component of this market. Travel will benefit from all advantages of the m-commerce, including - ubiquity, interoperability, reachability, security, convenience, localisation and personalisation.
Specific applications of a mobile Internet device in the travel sector include the following:
Cross-urban transportation services (purchase of travel tickets, real-time arrival/departure information, receive delay/gate/connection information, confirmation, change itinerary, and frequent flyer information).
Urban transportation (taxi service, car/limousine service, and car rental).
Accommodations (lodging, wake-up calls, and food service/delivery).
Time/place sensitive information (traffic reports, weather reports, and direction services).
ACTIVATING THE MOBILE MARKET
The mobile commerce is one of the groups of applications killer of the Society of the Mobile Information. With Nokia like partner, you will be able to offer solutions of highest level in terms of applications of m-commerce, payment and emergency. The happened one in the mobile commerce not only depends on the single applications, but also from their ability to work entirety without difficulties. The sophistication total is essential in order to render simpler the interaction between the applications possible for makes a subscriber to it to you. The advance solutions of Nokia - Nokia Payment Solution and Nokia Signet Solution - they help to construct an atmosphere of easy fruizione for the applications of m-commerce.
The Nokia Payment Solution is a payment platform that supports specific WAP 1,1 and 1,2 and the hit to the web. The base characteristics are the authorization to the payments and the recording of the transactions, with functions of price, instruments and compensation. The Nokia Payment Solution supports multiple pay channels, like debit and credit cards, telephone bill prepaid and postpaid and borsellino virtual, as an example for the micropayments
CONCLUSION
M-commerce is generally referred to as all transactions that are conducted via a mobile phone. Effectively, it is the wireless equivalent of the fixed Internet E-commerce. When there is increase in network reliability and redundancy, improve security Mobile commerce is very effective