11-09-2014, 09:46 AM
APPLICATIONS OF NANO TECHNOLOGY
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ABSTRCT
Atoms are the building blocks for all matter in our universe. Everything around us are made of atoms. Nature has perfected the science of manufacturing matter molecularly. For instance, our bodies are assembled in a specific manner from millions of living cells. Cells are nature’s nanomachines. Imagine if we could manipulate each individual atom of an object. That's the basic idea of nanotechnology.
INSTRUCTION
Nanotechnology is the creation of functional materials, devices and systems through control of matter at the scale of 1 to 100 nanometers, and the exploitation of novel properties and phenomena at the same scale. Engineering on an extremely small scale - a billionth of a meter. Not just an extension of miniaturization, but making clever and novel products with added functionality.
NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS:
There are many applications in nanotechnology. Some of them are,
ELECTRONICS
Nanoelectronics refer to the use of nanotechnology in electronic components. The term covers a diverse set of devices and materials with the common characteristic that they are so small that inter-atomic Interactions and quantum mechanical properties need to be study extensively. Nanoelectronics hold some answers for how we might increase the capabilities of electronics devices while we reduce their weight and power consumption. Some examples are,
1. Improving display screens on electronics devices. This involves reducing power consumption.
2. Increasing the density of memory chips.
3. Reducing the size of transistors used in integrated circuits.
COMMUNICATION
Today Nanotechnology is being introduced in almost all the fields. Information and communication industry is also deeply affected by this nanotechnology. Wireless communication needs speed and enhanced power for computation. The world is making revolution in the communication industry and nanotechnology is another step towards to this innovation. By the next few years the nanotechnology will be considered as benchmark in this regard. The nanotechnology approach includes enhanced performance for transistors with new material and improved properties.
Wireless ad-hoc network is another application consists of many low cost and low power elements e.g. all the components of a wireless sensor nodes i.e. sensing unit, a processing unit a transceiver unit have been demonstrated with Nano-element such as carbon nano-tubes.
COMPUTER
The silicon transistors in your computer may be replaced in ten years by transistors based on carbon nanotubes. This is what scientists in Sweden are hoping: they have developed a method to control the nanotubes during production. The amazing development in computer power that has taken place after the invention of the integrated circuit in the 1950s has been made possible by the transistor, which is the most important component of all processors, becoming ever-faster
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Nanotechnology is impacting the field of consumer goods, providing products with novel functions ranging from easy-to-clean to scratch-resistant. Modern textiles are wrinkle-resistant and stain-repellent; in the mid-term clothes will become "smart", through embedded "wearable electronics". Several products that incorporate nanomaterials are already in use. Nanomaterials are in a variety of items, many of which people do not even realize contain nanoparticles.
For example, car bumpers are made lighter, clothing is more stain repellant, sunscreen is more radiation resistant, synthetic bones are stronger, cell phone screens are lighter weight, glass packaging for drinks leads to a longer shelf-life, and balls for various sports are made more durable. Such novel products have a promising potential especially in the field of cosmetics. Nanotechnology also has numerous potential applications in heavy industry. Nanotechnology is predicted to be a main driver of technology and business in this century and holds the promise of higher performance materials, intelligent systems and new production methods with significant impact for all aspects of society
MEDICINE
Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology. Nanomedicine ranges from the medical applications of nanomaterials to nano electronic biosensors, and even possible future application of molecular nanotechnology. Two forms of medicine that have already been tested in mice and are awaiting human trials that will be using gold nanoshells to help diagnose and treat cancer, and using liposomes as vaccine adjuvants and as vehicles for drug transport. Similarly drug detoxification is also another application for nano medicine which has shown promising results in rats. A benefit of using nanoscale for medical technologies is that smaller devices are less invasive and can possibly be implanted inside the body, plus biochemical reaction times are much shorter.
FOOD
Nanotechnology is having an impact on several aspects of food science, from how food is grown to how it is packaged. Companies are developing nano materials that will make a difference not only in the taste of food, but also in food safety, and the health benefits that food delivers. Another development being persued is a network of nano sensors and dispensers used throughout a farm field. The sensors recognize when a plant needs nutrients or water, before there is any sign that the plant is deficient. The dispensers then release fertilizer, nutrients or water as needed, optimizing the growth of each plant in the field one by one.
GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY
It refers to the use of nanotechnology to enhance the environmental sustainability of processes producing negative externalities. It also refers to the use of the products of nanotechnology to enhance the sustainability. It includes making green nano products and using green products in support of sustainability.
Green nano technology has been described as the development of clean nanotechnologies to minimize potential environmental and human health risks associated with the manufacture and use of nanotechnology products with new Nano
BENEFITS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
1. Nanoscale transistors that are faster more powerful, and increasingly energy-efficient; soon your computer’s entire memory may be stored on a single tiny chip
2. Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) enabled by nanometer‐scale magnetic tunnel junctions that can quickly and effectively save even encrypted data during a system shutdown or crash, enable resume‐play features, and gather vehicle accident data
3. Displays for many new TVs, laptop computers, cell phones, digital cameras, and other devices incorporate nanostructure polymer films known as organic light-emitting diodes, or OLEDs. OLED screens offer brighter images in a flat format, as well as wider viewing angles, lighter weight, better picture density, lower power consumption, and longer lifetimes.
4. Nanoscale additives in polymer composite materials for baseball bats, tennis rackets, motorcycle helmets, automobile bumpers, luggage, and power tool housings can make them simultaneously lightweight, stiff, durable, and resilient.
5. Nanoscale thin films on eyeglasses, computer and camera displays, windows, and other surfaces can make them water-repellent, antireflective, self-cleaning, resistant to ultraviolet or infrared light
CONCLUSION
As a conclusion to this topic I would like to say that Nanotechnology is a brand new technology that has just began, it is a revolutionary science that will change all what we knew before. The future that we were watching just in science fiction movies will in the near future be real. This new technology will first of all, keep us healthy because of nanorobots that will repair every damage that we have in our body. Secondly it will give scientists the ability to manipulate the combination of atoms in an object and to turn it into a lighter, stronger, and more durable object than before, just by using carbon nanotubes that are known to be a hundred times stronger than steel and in addition to that they are very flexible. That will lead to the creation of objects that can change their forms and have multiple purposes as the Nokia Morph for example which is a prototype that will soon be out on the market. Thirdly, Nanotechnology will give us an abundant energy because it will transform energy more effectively, for example windmills which are known to have the ability to transform wind energy into electrical energy, well new windmills that will use Nanotechnology will have lighter and stronger blades (using carbon nanotubes) that will transform a lot more energy than before. Nanotechnology covers a lot of domains today and will cover a lot more in the near future, it is infinitely big and will make a lot of inventions come true like teleportation for example which scientists are working on today.
[attachment=67797]
ABSTRCT
Atoms are the building blocks for all matter in our universe. Everything around us are made of atoms. Nature has perfected the science of manufacturing matter molecularly. For instance, our bodies are assembled in a specific manner from millions of living cells. Cells are nature’s nanomachines. Imagine if we could manipulate each individual atom of an object. That's the basic idea of nanotechnology.
INSTRUCTION
Nanotechnology is the creation of functional materials, devices and systems through control of matter at the scale of 1 to 100 nanometers, and the exploitation of novel properties and phenomena at the same scale. Engineering on an extremely small scale - a billionth of a meter. Not just an extension of miniaturization, but making clever and novel products with added functionality.
NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS:
There are many applications in nanotechnology. Some of them are,
ELECTRONICS
Nanoelectronics refer to the use of nanotechnology in electronic components. The term covers a diverse set of devices and materials with the common characteristic that they are so small that inter-atomic Interactions and quantum mechanical properties need to be study extensively. Nanoelectronics hold some answers for how we might increase the capabilities of electronics devices while we reduce their weight and power consumption. Some examples are,
1. Improving display screens on electronics devices. This involves reducing power consumption.
2. Increasing the density of memory chips.
3. Reducing the size of transistors used in integrated circuits.
COMMUNICATION
Today Nanotechnology is being introduced in almost all the fields. Information and communication industry is also deeply affected by this nanotechnology. Wireless communication needs speed and enhanced power for computation. The world is making revolution in the communication industry and nanotechnology is another step towards to this innovation. By the next few years the nanotechnology will be considered as benchmark in this regard. The nanotechnology approach includes enhanced performance for transistors with new material and improved properties.
Wireless ad-hoc network is another application consists of many low cost and low power elements e.g. all the components of a wireless sensor nodes i.e. sensing unit, a processing unit a transceiver unit have been demonstrated with Nano-element such as carbon nano-tubes.
COMPUTER
The silicon transistors in your computer may be replaced in ten years by transistors based on carbon nanotubes. This is what scientists in Sweden are hoping: they have developed a method to control the nanotubes during production. The amazing development in computer power that has taken place after the invention of the integrated circuit in the 1950s has been made possible by the transistor, which is the most important component of all processors, becoming ever-faster
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Nanotechnology is impacting the field of consumer goods, providing products with novel functions ranging from easy-to-clean to scratch-resistant. Modern textiles are wrinkle-resistant and stain-repellent; in the mid-term clothes will become "smart", through embedded "wearable electronics". Several products that incorporate nanomaterials are already in use. Nanomaterials are in a variety of items, many of which people do not even realize contain nanoparticles.
For example, car bumpers are made lighter, clothing is more stain repellant, sunscreen is more radiation resistant, synthetic bones are stronger, cell phone screens are lighter weight, glass packaging for drinks leads to a longer shelf-life, and balls for various sports are made more durable. Such novel products have a promising potential especially in the field of cosmetics. Nanotechnology also has numerous potential applications in heavy industry. Nanotechnology is predicted to be a main driver of technology and business in this century and holds the promise of higher performance materials, intelligent systems and new production methods with significant impact for all aspects of society
MEDICINE
Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology. Nanomedicine ranges from the medical applications of nanomaterials to nano electronic biosensors, and even possible future application of molecular nanotechnology. Two forms of medicine that have already been tested in mice and are awaiting human trials that will be using gold nanoshells to help diagnose and treat cancer, and using liposomes as vaccine adjuvants and as vehicles for drug transport. Similarly drug detoxification is also another application for nano medicine which has shown promising results in rats. A benefit of using nanoscale for medical technologies is that smaller devices are less invasive and can possibly be implanted inside the body, plus biochemical reaction times are much shorter.
FOOD
Nanotechnology is having an impact on several aspects of food science, from how food is grown to how it is packaged. Companies are developing nano materials that will make a difference not only in the taste of food, but also in food safety, and the health benefits that food delivers. Another development being persued is a network of nano sensors and dispensers used throughout a farm field. The sensors recognize when a plant needs nutrients or water, before there is any sign that the plant is deficient. The dispensers then release fertilizer, nutrients or water as needed, optimizing the growth of each plant in the field one by one.
GREEN NANOTECHNOLOGY
It refers to the use of nanotechnology to enhance the environmental sustainability of processes producing negative externalities. It also refers to the use of the products of nanotechnology to enhance the sustainability. It includes making green nano products and using green products in support of sustainability.
Green nano technology has been described as the development of clean nanotechnologies to minimize potential environmental and human health risks associated with the manufacture and use of nanotechnology products with new Nano
BENEFITS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
1. Nanoscale transistors that are faster more powerful, and increasingly energy-efficient; soon your computer’s entire memory may be stored on a single tiny chip
2. Magnetic random access memory (MRAM) enabled by nanometer‐scale magnetic tunnel junctions that can quickly and effectively save even encrypted data during a system shutdown or crash, enable resume‐play features, and gather vehicle accident data
3. Displays for many new TVs, laptop computers, cell phones, digital cameras, and other devices incorporate nanostructure polymer films known as organic light-emitting diodes, or OLEDs. OLED screens offer brighter images in a flat format, as well as wider viewing angles, lighter weight, better picture density, lower power consumption, and longer lifetimes.
4. Nanoscale additives in polymer composite materials for baseball bats, tennis rackets, motorcycle helmets, automobile bumpers, luggage, and power tool housings can make them simultaneously lightweight, stiff, durable, and resilient.
5. Nanoscale thin films on eyeglasses, computer and camera displays, windows, and other surfaces can make them water-repellent, antireflective, self-cleaning, resistant to ultraviolet or infrared light
CONCLUSION
As a conclusion to this topic I would like to say that Nanotechnology is a brand new technology that has just began, it is a revolutionary science that will change all what we knew before. The future that we were watching just in science fiction movies will in the near future be real. This new technology will first of all, keep us healthy because of nanorobots that will repair every damage that we have in our body. Secondly it will give scientists the ability to manipulate the combination of atoms in an object and to turn it into a lighter, stronger, and more durable object than before, just by using carbon nanotubes that are known to be a hundred times stronger than steel and in addition to that they are very flexible. That will lead to the creation of objects that can change their forms and have multiple purposes as the Nokia Morph for example which is a prototype that will soon be out on the market. Thirdly, Nanotechnology will give us an abundant energy because it will transform energy more effectively, for example windmills which are known to have the ability to transform wind energy into electrical energy, well new windmills that will use Nanotechnology will have lighter and stronger blades (using carbon nanotubes) that will transform a lot more energy than before. Nanotechnology covers a lot of domains today and will cover a lot more in the near future, it is infinitely big and will make a lot of inventions come true like teleportation for example which scientists are working on today.