18-09-2014, 10:32 AM
Wireless Communication
[attachment=68082]
1. Abstract
Motion Detection is vital for Real Time Operating Systems, where we have to take steps in a particular span of time. Here we present a system, which takes such actions as and when the condition occurs. We have tried to implement ‘Motion Detection’ of an ambulance and take necessary steps such as to clear the signal of that particular traffic junction, and make way for the emergency. At present there is no such efficient method, which is one of the sole reasons to drive us into bringing about an efficient solution. Thus saving those ‘few precious minutes’, which can save a life.
In our day to day life how many times have we come across a situation wherein an Ambulance gets stuck in the traffic, chaos takes over, people traveling don’t think in an synchronized way, thus there’ll be a clash of thoughts which adds to the confusion already existing!!! The only intention they would have is to make some room for the Ambulance, but it might not be possible for various reasons, such as no place for other vehicles to move or there’ll be a Stop Signal ahead due to which its not possible to make way, so we wait for an intervention from the “Traffic Police”, which takes a few minutes or more, what do we observe from all this – ‘Those precious few minutes, which could mean Life and Death’, for the patient is being lost, in this solvable issue.
Thus, in this paper we have presented our practical solution.
The idea generation was briefly discussed in the previous part. Consider wherein an ambulance is on the way to hospital, traveling in road-1 (R1). Let us think of an interaction of the ambulance with the traffic signal (TS). It can be done by transmitting a signal as the Ambulance reaches the traffic junction and making sure there is right type of circuitry to receive it, at the TS. Consider the transmitter is an additional feature of the Ambulance. Basically the latest TS operation is done using PLCs (Programmable Logic Controller), earlier TS used Relay Logic, but it’s not a problem to interface to either of them, as we’ll be discussing those options as well.
Consider the traffic signal to transmit a “Code”, which is known to the PLC (pre-programmed), which until and unless it (PLC) receives the code would perform it’s usual operation, i.e. operation of the traffic signal. On receiving the “Code”, the PLC then saves the present scenario of the traffic signal and then it clears the signal on the road, which the ambulance is traveling in, to Green. After the ambulance passes, the PLC reloads the previously saved scenario.
The TS and Ambulance have the same address in-order to synchronize the process and to make sure that the communication is indeed between TS and the Ambulance alone. Address can be set using switches, which are in-turn interfaced to the Encoder and Decoder. Thus in the next stage we transmit the ‘Code’, which can also be set using switches. The idea behind this is that we use the address to synchronize the transmitter and receiver, thus the data to be transmitted is nothing but the ‘Code’, which we are talking about. If in case the address differs then the receiver will not be able to receive the data. On receiving this code alone we can take the next step. On the transmitter side let’s make use of an Encoder, wherein we can provide the address as well as the ‘Code’ to be transmitted.
Now, that we have got the ‘Code’ ready for transmission, let us interface this to a transmitter capable of transmitting digital codes. Now we have to use a receiver, which is again capable of receiving these digital codes, the output of the Receiver is connected to a Decoder. Thus after making sure the transmission is successful, we interface the decoder output to the PLCs, i.e. through a “DIGITAL INPUT Module”. Based on this data, PLC checks for the conditions (‘Code’) set in the Main program and takes, the necessary actions. The PLC can be interrupted from its usual operation by using ‘Interrupts’. The pictures below represent clearly the ideas discussed above.
2. . Application
The above-presented idea can be implemented in any of Traffic junctions and is an ideal feature for junctions wherein there is not much of human intervention, as in the near future due to technological advancements human involvement in fields like these would be minimal, as we have seen that it could lead in-efficient ways of handling the situation, this particular idea is step towards resolving this issue.
We have used digital transmission, as the loss is less compared to Analog type of transmission. The circuit complexity is also less in Digital transmission. The cost as well is economical and affordable. As for one particular junction we would need a receiver exclusively, considering there is one general transmitter. Thus at multiple junctions we need separate receivers situated at a distance from the other receivers, so that there is no interception of the transmitted signal from the Ambulance. Assume if an Ambulance is traveling on one of the multiple junctions then the receiver at that junction has a higher priority of receiving the signal first compared to the other receivers, based on this priority we decide the road upon which the Ambulance is traveling. This idea can be implemented by following the pictorial representation as mentioned above. The power supply used for this the purpose of transmission and receiving the ‘Code’ is not much, and can be operated with a supply as small as 5 – 9V, thus making it a power efficient option as well.
5. Conclusions and future work possible
The above-represented system can be implemented practically, as we have discussed a few solutions, which can be implemented. We are clear of the task ahead and moving towards practically implementing it. We have started off with the task of having a successful transmission of the code; all of the modules, which are used to build the transmitter and receiver module, have been identified. At the same time would have come up with a solution of whether we would follow an Wired type of communication to transmit the received signal from respective receivers to the PLC, as we can make use of ‘Driver’ circuits to drive to signals, or we can have wireless transmission from receiver to the PLC. After this stage, we’ll be finalizing the Algorithm and would start the programming task. Many issues such as in the case of having multiple junctions, how to identify if the ambulance has passed or not can be known by having an ‘Two-Pass Mechanism’, consider the first pass when an Ambulance passes by anyone of the receivers, it has to take an deviation towards any of the other junctions, thus when it passes another receiver, which is considered to be the second pass, we can then be sure that the Ambulance has passed, and thus revert to the previously saved TS configuration. This mode of operation will be finalized in this stage; we’ll be using a Micro Controller initially, later on we’ll be working with the PLCs.
[attachment=68082]
1. Abstract
Motion Detection is vital for Real Time Operating Systems, where we have to take steps in a particular span of time. Here we present a system, which takes such actions as and when the condition occurs. We have tried to implement ‘Motion Detection’ of an ambulance and take necessary steps such as to clear the signal of that particular traffic junction, and make way for the emergency. At present there is no such efficient method, which is one of the sole reasons to drive us into bringing about an efficient solution. Thus saving those ‘few precious minutes’, which can save a life.
In our day to day life how many times have we come across a situation wherein an Ambulance gets stuck in the traffic, chaos takes over, people traveling don’t think in an synchronized way, thus there’ll be a clash of thoughts which adds to the confusion already existing!!! The only intention they would have is to make some room for the Ambulance, but it might not be possible for various reasons, such as no place for other vehicles to move or there’ll be a Stop Signal ahead due to which its not possible to make way, so we wait for an intervention from the “Traffic Police”, which takes a few minutes or more, what do we observe from all this – ‘Those precious few minutes, which could mean Life and Death’, for the patient is being lost, in this solvable issue.
Thus, in this paper we have presented our practical solution.
The idea generation was briefly discussed in the previous part. Consider wherein an ambulance is on the way to hospital, traveling in road-1 (R1). Let us think of an interaction of the ambulance with the traffic signal (TS). It can be done by transmitting a signal as the Ambulance reaches the traffic junction and making sure there is right type of circuitry to receive it, at the TS. Consider the transmitter is an additional feature of the Ambulance. Basically the latest TS operation is done using PLCs (Programmable Logic Controller), earlier TS used Relay Logic, but it’s not a problem to interface to either of them, as we’ll be discussing those options as well.
Consider the traffic signal to transmit a “Code”, which is known to the PLC (pre-programmed), which until and unless it (PLC) receives the code would perform it’s usual operation, i.e. operation of the traffic signal. On receiving the “Code”, the PLC then saves the present scenario of the traffic signal and then it clears the signal on the road, which the ambulance is traveling in, to Green. After the ambulance passes, the PLC reloads the previously saved scenario.
The TS and Ambulance have the same address in-order to synchronize the process and to make sure that the communication is indeed between TS and the Ambulance alone. Address can be set using switches, which are in-turn interfaced to the Encoder and Decoder. Thus in the next stage we transmit the ‘Code’, which can also be set using switches. The idea behind this is that we use the address to synchronize the transmitter and receiver, thus the data to be transmitted is nothing but the ‘Code’, which we are talking about. If in case the address differs then the receiver will not be able to receive the data. On receiving this code alone we can take the next step. On the transmitter side let’s make use of an Encoder, wherein we can provide the address as well as the ‘Code’ to be transmitted.
Now, that we have got the ‘Code’ ready for transmission, let us interface this to a transmitter capable of transmitting digital codes. Now we have to use a receiver, which is again capable of receiving these digital codes, the output of the Receiver is connected to a Decoder. Thus after making sure the transmission is successful, we interface the decoder output to the PLCs, i.e. through a “DIGITAL INPUT Module”. Based on this data, PLC checks for the conditions (‘Code’) set in the Main program and takes, the necessary actions. The PLC can be interrupted from its usual operation by using ‘Interrupts’. The pictures below represent clearly the ideas discussed above.
2. . Application
The above-presented idea can be implemented in any of Traffic junctions and is an ideal feature for junctions wherein there is not much of human intervention, as in the near future due to technological advancements human involvement in fields like these would be minimal, as we have seen that it could lead in-efficient ways of handling the situation, this particular idea is step towards resolving this issue.
We have used digital transmission, as the loss is less compared to Analog type of transmission. The circuit complexity is also less in Digital transmission. The cost as well is economical and affordable. As for one particular junction we would need a receiver exclusively, considering there is one general transmitter. Thus at multiple junctions we need separate receivers situated at a distance from the other receivers, so that there is no interception of the transmitted signal from the Ambulance. Assume if an Ambulance is traveling on one of the multiple junctions then the receiver at that junction has a higher priority of receiving the signal first compared to the other receivers, based on this priority we decide the road upon which the Ambulance is traveling. This idea can be implemented by following the pictorial representation as mentioned above. The power supply used for this the purpose of transmission and receiving the ‘Code’ is not much, and can be operated with a supply as small as 5 – 9V, thus making it a power efficient option as well.
5. Conclusions and future work possible
The above-represented system can be implemented practically, as we have discussed a few solutions, which can be implemented. We are clear of the task ahead and moving towards practically implementing it. We have started off with the task of having a successful transmission of the code; all of the modules, which are used to build the transmitter and receiver module, have been identified. At the same time would have come up with a solution of whether we would follow an Wired type of communication to transmit the received signal from respective receivers to the PLC, as we can make use of ‘Driver’ circuits to drive to signals, or we can have wireless transmission from receiver to the PLC. After this stage, we’ll be finalizing the Algorithm and would start the programming task. Many issues such as in the case of having multiple junctions, how to identify if the ambulance has passed or not can be known by having an ‘Two-Pass Mechanism’, consider the first pass when an Ambulance passes by anyone of the receivers, it has to take an deviation towards any of the other junctions, thus when it passes another receiver, which is considered to be the second pass, we can then be sure that the Ambulance has passed, and thus revert to the previously saved TS configuration. This mode of operation will be finalized in this stage; we’ll be using a Micro Controller initially, later on we’ll be working with the PLCs.