09-10-2014, 10:06 AM
SCADA – an AUTOMATION IN THERMAL
POWER PLANT
[attachment=68925]
ABSTRACT
“Consumption of electricity is increasing in geometric progression, whereas the generation of the electricity is increasing in arithmetic progression"
Our paper aims at automatic generation, control and protective operation on power station using SCADA, which involves wireless communication. SCADA stands for 'Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition'. The purpose of SCADA is to provide a facility to observe and control the power system i.e., is to bring all the control to a single operator who can receive all the information and issue appropriate commands for actions.
It is used to monitor and control power plant equipment. The information’s from various locations are gathered by remote terminal units (RTU). All such information can be directed to one operator console (Master Terminal) for relevant
action. Thereby continuos monitoring of the system ensure smooth operations by taking appropriate steps to prevent the occurrence of any type of faults. The SCADA host will perform centralized alarm management, data trending and operator display and control.
SCADA communications can use a range of wired and wireless media depending on which is available and the most cost effective. Frequently for remote applications, wireless SCADA is only feasible alternative due to availability and cost. The master control computer is connected to the Internet so that the complete process is viewed in online.
INTRODUCTION
In the earlier days where automation is in its infant stage, huge system like electric power system, which spread over a large geographic area, their operation was continuously inspected manually by a group of technicians. In case of fault in any section of such gigantic systems they have to trace out the location and reach to that for rectifying it. Since human intervention is involved in the process it takes some definite time, which cannot be afforded by some sensitive systems, where in the damage might have already done. In some cases, faulty locations may not be easily accessible which makes the process for the more difficult. For eg, let
RECEIVING SECTION OF PROCESS UNIT:
The transmitted signal from the control unit is received in the process unit. The received data is converted to parallel data using 89C2051.The parallel data is given as input to the Relay drive, which drives the Relay. The output of relay controls the corresponding component in the process unit.
INTERNET AND WEB-BASED SCADA
Internet SCADA or web-based SCADA makes use of IP technology in SCADA and can range from IP tunnels over satellite, frame relay, fiber, radio to link SCADA networks to central office to individually IP addressed instruments or devices.
Web Server:
Web server technology has enabled low cost web browser technology to be used as the MMI for PLC and SCADA systems. Newer PLC’s and RTU’s frequently incorporate web servers that allow diagnostics and monitoring function via user web browsers. Web-enabled SCADA hosts enable users to remotely monitor, control remote sites via a web browser. Hosted SCADA services are being offered that allow users to monitor or control their remote equipment by using a normal web browser and logging onto a secure website
ADVANTAGES OF SCADA
Alarm Handling
Alarm handling is based on limit and status checking and performed in the data servers. More complicated expressions (using arithmetic or logical expressions) can be developed by creating derived parameters on which status or limit checking is then performed. It is generally possible to group alarms and to handle these as an entry (typically filtering on group or acknowledgment of all alarms in a group). Furthermore, it is possible to suppress alarms either individually or as a complete group. Emails can be generated or predefined actions automatically executed in response to alarm conditions.
CONCLUSION
In this paper all the parameters are digitized, hence reliability is made high. No skilled manpower is required because the PC helps the operator in reacting the situation with its fullest support and guidance. Since a PC is required with minimum hardware, the capital cost of installing this system is absolutely less compared to the cost of the equipment. Besides meeting the highest standards of reliability and advanced functionality, every aspect must be designed to hold down costs, that must be network-already, and that must be made more intelligent to accommodate diverse system needs. In the coming years we will see an increasing shifting towards supervisory system with more advanced networking capabilities
POWER PLANT
[attachment=68925]
ABSTRACT
“Consumption of electricity is increasing in geometric progression, whereas the generation of the electricity is increasing in arithmetic progression"
Our paper aims at automatic generation, control and protective operation on power station using SCADA, which involves wireless communication. SCADA stands for 'Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition'. The purpose of SCADA is to provide a facility to observe and control the power system i.e., is to bring all the control to a single operator who can receive all the information and issue appropriate commands for actions.
It is used to monitor and control power plant equipment. The information’s from various locations are gathered by remote terminal units (RTU). All such information can be directed to one operator console (Master Terminal) for relevant
action. Thereby continuos monitoring of the system ensure smooth operations by taking appropriate steps to prevent the occurrence of any type of faults. The SCADA host will perform centralized alarm management, data trending and operator display and control.
SCADA communications can use a range of wired and wireless media depending on which is available and the most cost effective. Frequently for remote applications, wireless SCADA is only feasible alternative due to availability and cost. The master control computer is connected to the Internet so that the complete process is viewed in online.
INTRODUCTION
In the earlier days where automation is in its infant stage, huge system like electric power system, which spread over a large geographic area, their operation was continuously inspected manually by a group of technicians. In case of fault in any section of such gigantic systems they have to trace out the location and reach to that for rectifying it. Since human intervention is involved in the process it takes some definite time, which cannot be afforded by some sensitive systems, where in the damage might have already done. In some cases, faulty locations may not be easily accessible which makes the process for the more difficult. For eg, let
RECEIVING SECTION OF PROCESS UNIT:
The transmitted signal from the control unit is received in the process unit. The received data is converted to parallel data using 89C2051.The parallel data is given as input to the Relay drive, which drives the Relay. The output of relay controls the corresponding component in the process unit.
INTERNET AND WEB-BASED SCADA
Internet SCADA or web-based SCADA makes use of IP technology in SCADA and can range from IP tunnels over satellite, frame relay, fiber, radio to link SCADA networks to central office to individually IP addressed instruments or devices.
Web Server:
Web server technology has enabled low cost web browser technology to be used as the MMI for PLC and SCADA systems. Newer PLC’s and RTU’s frequently incorporate web servers that allow diagnostics and monitoring function via user web browsers. Web-enabled SCADA hosts enable users to remotely monitor, control remote sites via a web browser. Hosted SCADA services are being offered that allow users to monitor or control their remote equipment by using a normal web browser and logging onto a secure website
ADVANTAGES OF SCADA
Alarm Handling
Alarm handling is based on limit and status checking and performed in the data servers. More complicated expressions (using arithmetic or logical expressions) can be developed by creating derived parameters on which status or limit checking is then performed. It is generally possible to group alarms and to handle these as an entry (typically filtering on group or acknowledgment of all alarms in a group). Furthermore, it is possible to suppress alarms either individually or as a complete group. Emails can be generated or predefined actions automatically executed in response to alarm conditions.
CONCLUSION
In this paper all the parameters are digitized, hence reliability is made high. No skilled manpower is required because the PC helps the operator in reacting the situation with its fullest support and guidance. Since a PC is required with minimum hardware, the capital cost of installing this system is absolutely less compared to the cost of the equipment. Besides meeting the highest standards of reliability and advanced functionality, every aspect must be designed to hold down costs, that must be network-already, and that must be made more intelligent to accommodate diverse system needs. In the coming years we will see an increasing shifting towards supervisory system with more advanced networking capabilities