14-10-2010, 04:09 PM
15-10-2010, 09:33 AM
Presented by:
Sabira Karim
[attachment=6098]
WiMAX – ”The next generation WiFi”
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a telecommunications technology aimed at providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access
based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which is also called WirelessMAN
Components:
Two fixed stations:
SS and BS .
The Communication paths between BS and SS:
Uplink / Downlink .
Sabira Karim
[attachment=6098]
WiMAX – ”The next generation WiFi”
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a telecommunications technology aimed at providing wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access
based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which is also called WirelessMAN
Components:
Two fixed stations:
SS and BS .
The Communication paths between BS and SS:
Uplink / Downlink .
18-10-2010, 12:41 PM
[attachment=6430]
wimax seminar
introduction
Manufacturer of Broadband
Wireless Systems to enterprises and
service providers
• End-to-end solutions including
WiMAX, Wireless Mesh, Wi-Fi MMW
and Point-to-Point True
Differentiator
• 235,000 customers
• 1.5 M units in the field
• Deployments across Americas,
Europe, Middle East, Africa and
Asia Pacific
• Over 130 US wireless Patents
wimax seminar
introduction
Manufacturer of Broadband
Wireless Systems to enterprises and
service providers
• End-to-end solutions including
WiMAX, Wireless Mesh, Wi-Fi MMW
and Point-to-Point True
Differentiator
• 235,000 customers
• 1.5 M units in the field
• Deployments across Americas,
Europe, Middle East, Africa and
Asia Pacific
• Over 130 US wireless Patents
28-04-2011, 11:18 AM
Presented by
K.ANAND KUMAR
[attachment=12990]
Internet Connections
Three traditional ways to connect Internet:
1)Dial-up access – It is an Internet connection that will be established by using a modem which act as data transfer medium when user initiates dial up connection.
2)Broadband access -This refers to high-speed data transmission in which a single cable(DSL,cable modem) can carry a large amount of data at once.
3)WiFi access - Wi-Fi refers to wireless networking technology that allows computers and other devices to communicate over a wireless signal.
IEEE 802.16 Specifications
Range - 30-mile (50-km) radius from base station
Speed - 70 megabits per second
Line-of-sight not needed between user and base station
Frequency bands - 2 to 11 GHz and 10 to 66 GHz (licensed and unlicensed bands)
Defines both the MAC and PHY layers and allows multiple PHY-layer specifications.
What is wimax
WIMAX is short for “Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access”
->Wimax is technically also known as “IEEE 802.16”
->Wimax is a wireless communications standard designed for creating Metropolitan Area Networks(MANs).It is similar to the wifi standard,but it can broadcast as big as 3,000 square miles.
Architecture of Wimax
A Wimax system consists of two parts:
Wimax reciever:
The reciever could be a small box or PCMCIA card, or they could e built into a laptop the way Wifi access is today.
Wimax tower:
It can provide cover to a very large area as big as 3,000 square miles.
Security of Wimax
Wimax would receive data from the Wimax transmitting base station, probably using encrypted data keys to prevent unauthorized users from stealing access
Application Areas of Wimax
• Education networks
• Banking networks
• Rural &urban Connectivity Solutions
• Video conferences Streaming media
• Cellular backhaul
• Public safety
Features of Wimax
• High capacity
• Wider coverage
• Interoperability
• Cost effective
• Flexible Architecture.
• Portability
Advantages:
1)Best suitable for High mobility areas like travelling in trains.
2)Provides High security.
3)For high definition streaming videos it is the best suitable
4)Only Single Base station can serve hundreds of users.
Disadvantages:
1) Wimax is a very power-consuming technology and requires significant electrical support.
2)Bad weather conditions such as rain could interrupt the signal.
3) High installation.
K.ANAND KUMAR
[attachment=12990]
Internet Connections
Three traditional ways to connect Internet:
1)Dial-up access – It is an Internet connection that will be established by using a modem which act as data transfer medium when user initiates dial up connection.
2)Broadband access -This refers to high-speed data transmission in which a single cable(DSL,cable modem) can carry a large amount of data at once.
3)WiFi access - Wi-Fi refers to wireless networking technology that allows computers and other devices to communicate over a wireless signal.
IEEE 802.16 Specifications
Range - 30-mile (50-km) radius from base station
Speed - 70 megabits per second
Line-of-sight not needed between user and base station
Frequency bands - 2 to 11 GHz and 10 to 66 GHz (licensed and unlicensed bands)
Defines both the MAC and PHY layers and allows multiple PHY-layer specifications.
What is wimax
WIMAX is short for “Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access”
->Wimax is technically also known as “IEEE 802.16”
->Wimax is a wireless communications standard designed for creating Metropolitan Area Networks(MANs).It is similar to the wifi standard,but it can broadcast as big as 3,000 square miles.
Architecture of Wimax
A Wimax system consists of two parts:
Wimax reciever:
The reciever could be a small box or PCMCIA card, or they could e built into a laptop the way Wifi access is today.
Wimax tower:
It can provide cover to a very large area as big as 3,000 square miles.
Security of Wimax
Wimax would receive data from the Wimax transmitting base station, probably using encrypted data keys to prevent unauthorized users from stealing access
Application Areas of Wimax
• Education networks
• Banking networks
• Rural &urban Connectivity Solutions
• Video conferences Streaming media
• Cellular backhaul
• Public safety
Features of Wimax
• High capacity
• Wider coverage
• Interoperability
• Cost effective
• Flexible Architecture.
• Portability
Advantages:
1)Best suitable for High mobility areas like travelling in trains.
2)Provides High security.
3)For high definition streaming videos it is the best suitable
4)Only Single Base station can serve hundreds of users.
Disadvantages:
1) Wimax is a very power-consuming technology and requires significant electrical support.
2)Bad weather conditions such as rain could interrupt the signal.
3) High installation.
16-02-2012, 04:30 PM
to get information about the topic Wi-max full report ppt and related topic refer the link bellow
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wi-max-seminar-report
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wimax-seminar
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wi-max...ort?page=3
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wi-max...ort?page=2
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wimax-ieee
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wimax--5303?page=2
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wimax--15864
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wi-max-seminar-report
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wimax-seminar
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wi-max...ort?page=3
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wi-max...ort?page=2
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wimax-ieee
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wimax--5303?page=2
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-wimax--15864
22-03-2012, 04:13 PM
WiMAX
[attachment=18776]
WiMAX - Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
This technique aims to fullfill the requirements of IMT ADVANCE (4G) standards , so that the future needs upto almost in year 2020 meetout for the wireless mobile world.
based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which is also called WirelessMAN
Goal: Provide high-speed Internet access to home and business subscribers, without wires.
Base stations (BS) and subscriber stations (SS)
Centralized access control to prevents collisions
WiMAX is a subset of IEEE 802.16 standard
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
Multiplexing technique that divides the channel into multiple orthogonal subchannels
Input data stream is divided into several substreams of a lower data rate (increased symbol duration) and each substream is modulated and simultaneously transmitted on a separate subchannel with carrier orthogonal to each other
High spectral efficiency, resilient to interference, and low multi-path distortion
Physical layer
Allows use of directional antennas
Allows use of two different duplexing schemes:
Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)
Time Division Duplexing (TDD)
Support for both full and half duplex stations
wimax seminar
[attachment=18777]
ABSTRACT
Within the last two decades, communication advances have reshaped the way we live our daily lives. Wireless communications has grown from an obscure, unknown service to an ubiquitous technology that serves almost half of the people on Earth. Whether we know it or not, computers now play a dominant role in our daily activities, and the Internet has completely reoriented the way people work, communicate, play, and learn. However severe the changes in our lifestyle may seem to have been over the past few years, the convergence of wireless with the Internet is about to unleash a change so dramatic that soon wireless ubiquity will become as pervasive as paper and pen. WiMax— which stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access—is about to bring the wireless and Internet revolutions to portable devices across the globe. Just as broadcast television in the 1940’s and 1950’s changed the world of entertainment, advertising, and our social fabric, WiMax is poised to broadcast the Internet throughout the world, and the changes in our lives will be dramatic. In a few years, WiMax will provide the capabilities of the Internet, without any wires, to every living room, portable computer, phone, and handheld device.
In its simplest form, WiMax promises to deliver the Internet throughout the globe, connecting the “last mile” of communications services for both developed and emerging
nations.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 What is 4G:-
4G (also known as Beyond 3G), an abbreviation for Fourth-Generation, is a term used to describe the next complete evolution in wireless communication. A 4G system will be able to provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be given to users on an “Anytime, Anywhere” basis, and at higher data rates than previous generations.
As the second generation was a total replacement of the first generation networks and handsets; and the third generation was a total replacement of second generation networks and handsets; so too the fourth generation cannot be an incremental evolution of current 3G technologies, but rather the total replacement of the current 3G networks and handsets. The international telecommunications regulatory and standardization bodies are working for commercial deployment of 4G networks roughly in the 2012-2015 time scale. At that point it is predicted that even with current evolutions of third generation 3G networks, these will tend to be congested.
What is WiMAX:-
WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a wireless broadband technology, which supports point to multi-point (PMP) broadband wireless access.
WiMax is basically a new shorthand term for IEEE Standard 802.16, which was designed to support the European standards. 802.16's predecessors (like 802.11a) were not very accommodative of the European standards, per se. The IEEE wireless standard has a range of up to 30 miles, and can deliver broadband at around 75 megabits per second. This is theoretically, 20 times faster than a commercially available wireless broadband.
The 802.16, WiMax standard was published in March 2002 and provided updated information on the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) technology. The extension given in the March publication, extended the line-of-sight fixed wireless MAN standard, focused solely on a spectrum from 10 GHz to 60+ GHz.
WiMAX FORUM:-
WiMax Forum was formed in April 2001, to promote conformance and interoperability of the standard IEEE 802.16. The Forum's founding members were ~V Ensemble, CrossSpan, Harris and Nokia.
In April 2002, the forum grew to accommodate another member ~V OFDM, and in November, added Fujitsu as its sixth member. In March 2003, after intensive lobbying for the just cause of promoting the standard by Fujitsu and Wi-LAN, many new members joined the WiMax forum.
The forum was formed solely for promotion of devices supported by the 802.16 standard. The forum takes responsibility also to develop devices confirming to the standard and releasing it in the market. Some prominent members of the WiMax Forum are Airspan, Alvarion, Analog Devices, Aperto Networks, Ensemble Communications, Fujitsu, Intel, Nokia, OFDM Forum, Proxim and Wi-LAN.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
• Multiplexing technique that divides the channel into multiple orthogonal subchannels
• Input data stream is divided into several substreams of a lower data rate (increased symbol duration) and each substream is modulated and simultaneously transmitted on a separate subchannel with carrier orthogonal to each other
• High spectral efficiency, resilient to interference, and low multi-path distortion
[attachment=18776]
WiMAX - Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access
This technique aims to fullfill the requirements of IMT ADVANCE (4G) standards , so that the future needs upto almost in year 2020 meetout for the wireless mobile world.
based on the IEEE 802.16 standard, which is also called WirelessMAN
Goal: Provide high-speed Internet access to home and business subscribers, without wires.
Base stations (BS) and subscriber stations (SS)
Centralized access control to prevents collisions
WiMAX is a subset of IEEE 802.16 standard
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
Multiplexing technique that divides the channel into multiple orthogonal subchannels
Input data stream is divided into several substreams of a lower data rate (increased symbol duration) and each substream is modulated and simultaneously transmitted on a separate subchannel with carrier orthogonal to each other
High spectral efficiency, resilient to interference, and low multi-path distortion
Physical layer
Allows use of directional antennas
Allows use of two different duplexing schemes:
Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD)
Time Division Duplexing (TDD)
Support for both full and half duplex stations
wimax seminar
[attachment=18777]
ABSTRACT
Within the last two decades, communication advances have reshaped the way we live our daily lives. Wireless communications has grown from an obscure, unknown service to an ubiquitous technology that serves almost half of the people on Earth. Whether we know it or not, computers now play a dominant role in our daily activities, and the Internet has completely reoriented the way people work, communicate, play, and learn. However severe the changes in our lifestyle may seem to have been over the past few years, the convergence of wireless with the Internet is about to unleash a change so dramatic that soon wireless ubiquity will become as pervasive as paper and pen. WiMax— which stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access—is about to bring the wireless and Internet revolutions to portable devices across the globe. Just as broadcast television in the 1940’s and 1950’s changed the world of entertainment, advertising, and our social fabric, WiMax is poised to broadcast the Internet throughout the world, and the changes in our lives will be dramatic. In a few years, WiMax will provide the capabilities of the Internet, without any wires, to every living room, portable computer, phone, and handheld device.
In its simplest form, WiMax promises to deliver the Internet throughout the globe, connecting the “last mile” of communications services for both developed and emerging
nations.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 What is 4G:-
4G (also known as Beyond 3G), an abbreviation for Fourth-Generation, is a term used to describe the next complete evolution in wireless communication. A 4G system will be able to provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be given to users on an “Anytime, Anywhere” basis, and at higher data rates than previous generations.
As the second generation was a total replacement of the first generation networks and handsets; and the third generation was a total replacement of second generation networks and handsets; so too the fourth generation cannot be an incremental evolution of current 3G technologies, but rather the total replacement of the current 3G networks and handsets. The international telecommunications regulatory and standardization bodies are working for commercial deployment of 4G networks roughly in the 2012-2015 time scale. At that point it is predicted that even with current evolutions of third generation 3G networks, these will tend to be congested.
What is WiMAX:-
WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a wireless broadband technology, which supports point to multi-point (PMP) broadband wireless access.
WiMax is basically a new shorthand term for IEEE Standard 802.16, which was designed to support the European standards. 802.16's predecessors (like 802.11a) were not very accommodative of the European standards, per se. The IEEE wireless standard has a range of up to 30 miles, and can deliver broadband at around 75 megabits per second. This is theoretically, 20 times faster than a commercially available wireless broadband.
The 802.16, WiMax standard was published in March 2002 and provided updated information on the Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) technology. The extension given in the March publication, extended the line-of-sight fixed wireless MAN standard, focused solely on a spectrum from 10 GHz to 60+ GHz.
WiMAX FORUM:-
WiMax Forum was formed in April 2001, to promote conformance and interoperability of the standard IEEE 802.16. The Forum's founding members were ~V Ensemble, CrossSpan, Harris and Nokia.
In April 2002, the forum grew to accommodate another member ~V OFDM, and in November, added Fujitsu as its sixth member. In March 2003, after intensive lobbying for the just cause of promoting the standard by Fujitsu and Wi-LAN, many new members joined the WiMax forum.
The forum was formed solely for promotion of devices supported by the 802.16 standard. The forum takes responsibility also to develop devices confirming to the standard and releasing it in the market. Some prominent members of the WiMax Forum are Airspan, Alvarion, Analog Devices, Aperto Networks, Ensemble Communications, Fujitsu, Intel, Nokia, OFDM Forum, Proxim and Wi-LAN.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
• Multiplexing technique that divides the channel into multiple orthogonal subchannels
• Input data stream is divided into several substreams of a lower data rate (increased symbol duration) and each substream is modulated and simultaneously transmitted on a separate subchannel with carrier orthogonal to each other
• High spectral efficiency, resilient to interference, and low multi-path distortion
12-06-2012, 01:15 PM
wimax
[attachment=24180]
Introduction.
As the word changes with time.Change will occurred in the technology also and the fast growth from last several year in the field of communication initially we use 2G system for the communication, it gives output, but little bit slow not may be at the time we never be thought, that one day we can talk with each other through video calling but it is possible with 3G in 2000’s 3G network were launch in word, in India it is come in at the last of 2007. Now, as yet not proper 3G network is developed in fully India, 4G is come in frame.
Introduction to WIMAX.
With the presence of Wireless access in cities, businesses of different kinds have revolutionized their set up and service status. Yet there were some remote areas where customers were caught inaccessible to internet or a network. To meet the demand of present time where immobility has no concept the idea of WIMAX is quite appealing. WIMAX is a technology comes up with multiple solutions.
Wimax Architecture
Wimax technology is based on IEEE standard for high layer protocol such as TCP/IP, VoIP, and SIP etc. Wimax network is offering air link interoperability and vendor for roaming. The multi vendor access from Wimax focused on higher level networking specifications for fixed wimax, mobile wimax, and portable wimax. The Architecture of wimax technology based on all IP platforms. The packet technology of wimax needs no legacy circuit telephony. Therefore it reduces the overall cost during life cycle of wimax deployment. The main guide lines of Wimax Architecture are as given below.
HOW WIMAX WORKS
If you already read about Wimax Technology then next question arises to your mind is How WiMAX works. Wimax is a telecommunication and mobie technology used for broadcasting of wireless data by the use of a number of transmission methods. Wimax stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access offering internet access point to point or point to multipoint or path. It is based on IEEE 802.16.
Wimax Advantages
Wimax stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access services brings long time term evolution in wireless data market. WiMax Technology is facing many hurdles in market while it has some great advantages which make it a technology of todays. The advantages of Wimax Technology are discussed in details below
Multi-functionality within Wimax Technology
Wimax Technology perform a variety of task at a time such as offering high speed internet, providing telephone service, transformation of data, video streaming, voice application etc
Wimax Infrastructure
Wimax infrastructure is very easy and flexible therefore it provides maximum reliability of network and consent to actual access to end users.
[attachment=24180]
Introduction.
As the word changes with time.Change will occurred in the technology also and the fast growth from last several year in the field of communication initially we use 2G system for the communication, it gives output, but little bit slow not may be at the time we never be thought, that one day we can talk with each other through video calling but it is possible with 3G in 2000’s 3G network were launch in word, in India it is come in at the last of 2007. Now, as yet not proper 3G network is developed in fully India, 4G is come in frame.
Introduction to WIMAX.
With the presence of Wireless access in cities, businesses of different kinds have revolutionized their set up and service status. Yet there were some remote areas where customers were caught inaccessible to internet or a network. To meet the demand of present time where immobility has no concept the idea of WIMAX is quite appealing. WIMAX is a technology comes up with multiple solutions.
Wimax Architecture
Wimax technology is based on IEEE standard for high layer protocol such as TCP/IP, VoIP, and SIP etc. Wimax network is offering air link interoperability and vendor for roaming. The multi vendor access from Wimax focused on higher level networking specifications for fixed wimax, mobile wimax, and portable wimax. The Architecture of wimax technology based on all IP platforms. The packet technology of wimax needs no legacy circuit telephony. Therefore it reduces the overall cost during life cycle of wimax deployment. The main guide lines of Wimax Architecture are as given below.
HOW WIMAX WORKS
If you already read about Wimax Technology then next question arises to your mind is How WiMAX works. Wimax is a telecommunication and mobie technology used for broadcasting of wireless data by the use of a number of transmission methods. Wimax stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access offering internet access point to point or point to multipoint or path. It is based on IEEE 802.16.
Wimax Advantages
Wimax stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access services brings long time term evolution in wireless data market. WiMax Technology is facing many hurdles in market while it has some great advantages which make it a technology of todays. The advantages of Wimax Technology are discussed in details below
Multi-functionality within Wimax Technology
Wimax Technology perform a variety of task at a time such as offering high speed internet, providing telephone service, transformation of data, video streaming, voice application etc
Wimax Infrastructure
Wimax infrastructure is very easy and flexible therefore it provides maximum reliability of network and consent to actual access to end users.
18-09-2012, 12:40 PM
WiMAX
[attachment=33942]
Introduction
Wireless Internet access nowadays has become ubiquitous in everyday lives.
Examples of wireless technologies includes, Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11), Bluetooth, WiMAX, and more.
WiMax technology has the potential to deliver high-speed Internet access to rural areas and urban area not serviced by cable technology or the demand of mobile Internet is high.
WiMax also viewed as an alternative to satellite Internet services.
WiMAX may be a viable alternative for broadband access that has been economically unavailable.
WiMAX access was used to assist with communications in Aceh, Indonesia, after the tsunami in December 2004.
WiMAX
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access).
provides wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access
It is based on the IEEE 802.16 standard = WirelessMAN
IEEE 802.16
a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL.
The standard is called 802.16-2004
Advantages
Connects Wi-Fi hotspot area with each other and to the other parts of the Internet.
provides a wireless alternative to cable and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
High speed data transfer
Disadvantages
WiMax deployment for further Subscriber Stations (SS) from the Base Station (BS) requires Line of Sight (LOS) connectivity where there should not be any blockages of interference between SS and BS.
Weather and other environmental factors
It is difficult to achieve the maximum data rates unless the SS and BS are located on high places.
WiMAX is very power intensive technology and requires strong electrical support thus it is another turning point for mobile devices which heavily rely on batteries.
General Features of WiMAX:
OFDM-based physical layer: a scheme that offers good resistance to multipath, and allows WiMAX to operate in NLOS conditions
OFDM = Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
Very high peak data rates
Scalable bandwidth and data rate support
Link-layer retransmissions
Support for TDD and FDD
TDD: Time Division Duplexing
FDD: Frequency Division Duplexing
[attachment=33942]
Introduction
Wireless Internet access nowadays has become ubiquitous in everyday lives.
Examples of wireless technologies includes, Wi-Fi (IEEE 802.11), Bluetooth, WiMAX, and more.
WiMax technology has the potential to deliver high-speed Internet access to rural areas and urban area not serviced by cable technology or the demand of mobile Internet is high.
WiMax also viewed as an alternative to satellite Internet services.
WiMAX may be a viable alternative for broadband access that has been economically unavailable.
WiMAX access was used to assist with communications in Aceh, Indonesia, after the tsunami in December 2004.
WiMAX
WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access).
provides wireless data over long distances in a variety of ways, from point-to-point links to full mobile cellular type access
It is based on the IEEE 802.16 standard = WirelessMAN
IEEE 802.16
a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL.
The standard is called 802.16-2004
Advantages
Connects Wi-Fi hotspot area with each other and to the other parts of the Internet.
provides a wireless alternative to cable and Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
High speed data transfer
Disadvantages
WiMax deployment for further Subscriber Stations (SS) from the Base Station (BS) requires Line of Sight (LOS) connectivity where there should not be any blockages of interference between SS and BS.
Weather and other environmental factors
It is difficult to achieve the maximum data rates unless the SS and BS are located on high places.
WiMAX is very power intensive technology and requires strong electrical support thus it is another turning point for mobile devices which heavily rely on batteries.
General Features of WiMAX:
OFDM-based physical layer: a scheme that offers good resistance to multipath, and allows WiMAX to operate in NLOS conditions
OFDM = Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
Very high peak data rates
Scalable bandwidth and data rate support
Link-layer retransmissions
Support for TDD and FDD
TDD: Time Division Duplexing
FDD: Frequency Division Duplexing