05-09-2016, 12:52 PM
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Health and its failure :-
Health is a state of physical, mental and social well being.
The conditions necessary for good health are :-
i) Good physical and social environment.
ii) Good economic conditions.
iii) Social equality and harmony.
Good physical and social environment includes clean surroundings, good sanitation, proper garbage disposal and clean drinking water .
Good economic conditions includes job opportunities for all for earning to have nutritious food and to lead a healthy life.
Social equality and harmony are necessary for a healthy and peaceful life.
What does disease look like ?
When a person is affected by a disease either the normal functioning
or the appearance of one or more systems of the body changes for the
worse. These changes give rise to signs of the disease called
symptoms.
On the basis of the symptoms the physicians look for the signs of a
particular disease and conduct tests to confirm the disease.
4) Types of diseases :-
Diseases are of different types. They are :-
i) Acute diseases :- are diseases which last only for a short period of time and does not have long term effect on health.
Eg:- cold, cough, typhoid, cholera etc.
ii) Chronic disease :- are diseases which lasts for a long time and has long term drastic effect on health.
Eg :- diabetes, tuberculosis, elephantiasis, arthritis, cancer etc.
Means of spread of infectious diseases :-
Infectious diseases spread from an infected person to a healthy person through air, water, food, vectors, physical contact and sexual contact.
i) Through air :- Common cod, Tuberculosis, Pneumonia
etc.
ii) Through water :- Cholera, Amoebic dysentry etc.
iii) Through vectors :-
Mosquitoes :- Malaria, Dengue, Yellow fever etc.
Flies :- Typhoid, Tuberculosis, Diarrhoea, Dysentry
etc.
iv) Through sexual contact :- Syphilis, AIDS.
AIDS virus can also spread though blood transfusion and from the mother to her child during pregnancy and through breast feeding.
Organ-specific and tissue-specific manifestations :-
Disease causing microbes enter the body by different means and goes to different organs and tissues.
i) Microbes which enters through the nose are likely to go to the lungs. ( Bacteria which cause tuberculosis of lungs).
ii) Microbes which enter through the mouth are likely to stay in the gut ( Bacteria which causes Typhoid) or liver (Bacteria which causes Jaundice).
iii) Virus which causes AIDS enter the body through sexual organs during sexual contact and spreads through the lymph to all parts of the body and damages the immune system.
iv) Virus which causes Japanese encephalitis (brain fever) enters the body through mosquito bite and goes and infects the brain.
Principles of treatment :-
The treatment of infectious diseases consists of two steps. They are to reduce the effects of the disease (symptoms) and to kill the microbes which caused the disease.
i) To reduce the effects of the disease :-
This can be done by taking medicines to bring down the effects of the disease like fever, pain or loose motions etc. and by taking bed rest to conserve our energy.
ii) To kill the microbes :-
This can be done by taking suitable antibiotics and drugs which kills the microbes and the disease is cured.
Health and its failure :-
Health is a state of physical, mental and social well being.
The conditions necessary for good health are :-
i) Good physical and social environment.
ii) Good economic conditions.
iii) Social equality and harmony.
Good physical and social environment includes clean surroundings, good sanitation, proper garbage disposal and clean drinking water .
Good economic conditions includes job opportunities for all for earning to have nutritious food and to lead a healthy life.
Social equality and harmony are necessary for a healthy and peaceful life.
What does disease look like ?
When a person is affected by a disease either the normal functioning
or the appearance of one or more systems of the body changes for the
worse. These changes give rise to signs of the disease called
symptoms.
On the basis of the symptoms the physicians look for the signs of a
particular disease and conduct tests to confirm the disease.
4) Types of diseases :-
Diseases are of different types. They are :-
i) Acute diseases :- are diseases which last only for a short period of time and does not have long term effect on health.
Eg:- cold, cough, typhoid, cholera etc.
ii) Chronic disease :- are diseases which lasts for a long time and has long term drastic effect on health.
Eg :- diabetes, tuberculosis, elephantiasis, arthritis, cancer etc.
Means of spread of infectious diseases :-
Infectious diseases spread from an infected person to a healthy person through air, water, food, vectors, physical contact and sexual contact.
i) Through air :- Common cod, Tuberculosis, Pneumonia
etc.
ii) Through water :- Cholera, Amoebic dysentry etc.
iii) Through vectors :-
Mosquitoes :- Malaria, Dengue, Yellow fever etc.
Flies :- Typhoid, Tuberculosis, Diarrhoea, Dysentry
etc.
iv) Through sexual contact :- Syphilis, AIDS.
AIDS virus can also spread though blood transfusion and from the mother to her child during pregnancy and through breast feeding.
Organ-specific and tissue-specific manifestations :-
Disease causing microbes enter the body by different means and goes to different organs and tissues.
i) Microbes which enters through the nose are likely to go to the lungs. ( Bacteria which cause tuberculosis of lungs).
ii) Microbes which enter through the mouth are likely to stay in the gut ( Bacteria which causes Typhoid) or liver (Bacteria which causes Jaundice).
iii) Virus which causes AIDS enter the body through sexual organs during sexual contact and spreads through the lymph to all parts of the body and damages the immune system.
iv) Virus which causes Japanese encephalitis (brain fever) enters the body through mosquito bite and goes and infects the brain.
Principles of treatment :-
The treatment of infectious diseases consists of two steps. They are to reduce the effects of the disease (symptoms) and to kill the microbes which caused the disease.
i) To reduce the effects of the disease :-
This can be done by taking medicines to bring down the effects of the disease like fever, pain or loose motions etc. and by taking bed rest to conserve our energy.
ii) To kill the microbes :-
This can be done by taking suitable antibiotics and drugs which kills the microbes and the disease is cured.