31-10-2016, 10:55 AM
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About the Tutorial
AngularJS is a very powerful JavaScript library. It is used in Single Page Application
(SPA) projects. It extends HTML DOM with additional attributes and makes it more
responsive to user actions. AngularJS is open source, completely free, and used by
thousands of developers around the world. It is licensed under the Apache license
version 2.0.
This tutorial teaches you basics of AngularJS and its programming concepts. It
describes the components of AngularJS with suitable examples.
Audience
This tutorial is designed for software professionals who are willing to learn AngularJS
programming in simple and easy steps. After completing this tutorial, you will be at
intermediate level of expertise from where you can take yourself to higher level of
expertise.
Prerequisites
You should have basic understanding of scripting language such as JavaScript, and
any text editor. You should also know the basic web technologies such as HTML,
CSS, AJAX etc. for learning to develop web applications using Angular JS.
Disclaimer & Copyright
Copyright 2014 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.
All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials
Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy,
distribute or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any
manner without written consent of the publisher.
We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as
precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors.
Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness
or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover
any errors on our website or in this tutorial, please notify us at
contact[at]tutorialspoint.com
OVERVIEW
AngularJS is an open source, JavaScript based web application development
framework.
Definition of AngularJS as put by its official documentation is as follows:
AngularJS is a structural framework for dynamic web applications. It lets you use
HTML as your template language and lets you extend HTML's syntax to express your
application components clearly and succinctly. Its data binding and dependency
injection eliminate much of the code you currently have to write. And it all happens
within the browser, making it an ideal partner with any server technology.
It was originally developed in 2009 by Misko Hevery and Adam Abrons. It is now
maintained by Google.
General Features
The most important general features of AngularJS are:
AngularJS is a efficient framework that can create Rich Internet Applications
(RIA).
AngularJS provides developers an options to write client side applications
using JavaScript in a clean Model View Controller (MVC) way.
Applications written in AngularJS are cross-browser compliant. AngularJS
automatically handles JavaScript code suitable for each browser.
AngularJS is open source, completely free, and used by thousands of
developers around the world. It is licensed under the Apache license version
2.0.
Overall, AngularJS is a framework to build large scale, high performance, and easyto-maintain
web applications.
Core Features
The most important core features of AngularJS are:
Data-binding: It is the automatic synchronization of data between model and
view components.
Scope: These are objects that refer to the model. They act as a glue between
controller and view.
Controller: These are JavaScript functions bound to a particular scope.
Services: AngularJS comes with several built-in services such as $http to
make a XMLHttpRequests. These are singleton objects which are instantiated
only once in app.
Filters: These select a subset of items from an array and returns a new array.
Directives: Directives are markers on DOM elements such as elements,
attributes, css, and more. These can be used to create custom HTML tags that
serve as new, custom widgets. AngularJS has built-in directives such as
ngBind, ngModel etc.
Templates:These are the rendered view with information from the controller
and model. These can be a single file (such as index.html) or multiple views
in one page using partials.
Routing: It is concept of switching views.
Model View Whatever: MVW is a design pattern for dividing an application
into different parts called Model, View, and Controller, each with distinct
responsibilities. AngularJS does not implement MVC in the traditional sense,
but rather something closer to MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel). The Angular
JS team refers it humorously as Model View Whatever.
Deep Linking: Deep linking allows you to encode the state of application in
the URL so that it can be bookmarked. The application can then be restored
from the URL to the same state.
Dependency Injection: AngularJS has a built-in dependency injection
subsystem that helps the developer to create,understand, and test the
applications easily.
Concepts
The following diagram depicts some important parts of AngularJS which we will
discuss in detail in the subsequent chapters.
Advantages of AngularJS
The advantages of AngularJS are:
AngularJS provides capability to create Single Page Application in a very clean
and maintainable way.
AngularJS provides data binding capability to HTML. Thus, it gives user a rich
and responsive experience.
AngularJS code is unit testable.
AngularJS uses dependency injection and make use of separation of concerns.
AngularJS provides reusable components.
With AngularJS, the developers can achieve more functionality with short
code.
In AngularJS, views are pure html pages, and controllers written in JavaScript
do the business processing.
On the top of everything, AngularJS applications can run on all major browsers and
smart phones, including Android and iOS based phones/tablets.
Disadvantages of AngulaJS
Though AngularJS comes with a lot of merits, here are some points of concern:
Not Secure : Being JavaScript only framework, application written in
AngularJS are not safe. Server side authentication and authorization is must
to keep an application secure.
Not degradable: If the user of your application disables JavaScript, then
nothing would be visible, except the basic page.
AngularJS Directives
The AngularJS framework can be divided into three major parts:
ng-app : This directive defines and links an AngularJS application to HTML.
ng-model : This directive binds the values of AngularJS application data to
HTML input controls.
ng-bind : This directive binds the AngularJS application data to HTML tags.
About the Tutorial
AngularJS is a very powerful JavaScript library. It is used in Single Page Application
(SPA) projects. It extends HTML DOM with additional attributes and makes it more
responsive to user actions. AngularJS is open source, completely free, and used by
thousands of developers around the world. It is licensed under the Apache license
version 2.0.
This tutorial teaches you basics of AngularJS and its programming concepts. It
describes the components of AngularJS with suitable examples.
Audience
This tutorial is designed for software professionals who are willing to learn AngularJS
programming in simple and easy steps. After completing this tutorial, you will be at
intermediate level of expertise from where you can take yourself to higher level of
expertise.
Prerequisites
You should have basic understanding of scripting language such as JavaScript, and
any text editor. You should also know the basic web technologies such as HTML,
CSS, AJAX etc. for learning to develop web applications using Angular JS.
Disclaimer & Copyright
Copyright 2014 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.
All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials
Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy,
distribute or republish any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any
manner without written consent of the publisher.
We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as
precisely as possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors.
Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness
or completeness of our website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover
any errors on our website or in this tutorial, please notify us at
contact[at]tutorialspoint.com
OVERVIEW
AngularJS is an open source, JavaScript based web application development
framework.
Definition of AngularJS as put by its official documentation is as follows:
AngularJS is a structural framework for dynamic web applications. It lets you use
HTML as your template language and lets you extend HTML's syntax to express your
application components clearly and succinctly. Its data binding and dependency
injection eliminate much of the code you currently have to write. And it all happens
within the browser, making it an ideal partner with any server technology.
It was originally developed in 2009 by Misko Hevery and Adam Abrons. It is now
maintained by Google.
General Features
The most important general features of AngularJS are:
AngularJS is a efficient framework that can create Rich Internet Applications
(RIA).
AngularJS provides developers an options to write client side applications
using JavaScript in a clean Model View Controller (MVC) way.
Applications written in AngularJS are cross-browser compliant. AngularJS
automatically handles JavaScript code suitable for each browser.
AngularJS is open source, completely free, and used by thousands of
developers around the world. It is licensed under the Apache license version
2.0.
Overall, AngularJS is a framework to build large scale, high performance, and easyto-maintain
web applications.
Core Features
The most important core features of AngularJS are:
Data-binding: It is the automatic synchronization of data between model and
view components.
Scope: These are objects that refer to the model. They act as a glue between
controller and view.
Controller: These are JavaScript functions bound to a particular scope.
Services: AngularJS comes with several built-in services such as $http to
make a XMLHttpRequests. These are singleton objects which are instantiated
only once in app.
Filters: These select a subset of items from an array and returns a new array.
Directives: Directives are markers on DOM elements such as elements,
attributes, css, and more. These can be used to create custom HTML tags that
serve as new, custom widgets. AngularJS has built-in directives such as
ngBind, ngModel etc.
Templates:These are the rendered view with information from the controller
and model. These can be a single file (such as index.html) or multiple views
in one page using partials.
Routing: It is concept of switching views.
Model View Whatever: MVW is a design pattern for dividing an application
into different parts called Model, View, and Controller, each with distinct
responsibilities. AngularJS does not implement MVC in the traditional sense,
but rather something closer to MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel). The Angular
JS team refers it humorously as Model View Whatever.
Deep Linking: Deep linking allows you to encode the state of application in
the URL so that it can be bookmarked. The application can then be restored
from the URL to the same state.
Dependency Injection: AngularJS has a built-in dependency injection
subsystem that helps the developer to create,understand, and test the
applications easily.
Concepts
The following diagram depicts some important parts of AngularJS which we will
discuss in detail in the subsequent chapters.
Advantages of AngularJS
The advantages of AngularJS are:
AngularJS provides capability to create Single Page Application in a very clean
and maintainable way.
AngularJS provides data binding capability to HTML. Thus, it gives user a rich
and responsive experience.
AngularJS code is unit testable.
AngularJS uses dependency injection and make use of separation of concerns.
AngularJS provides reusable components.
With AngularJS, the developers can achieve more functionality with short
code.
In AngularJS, views are pure html pages, and controllers written in JavaScript
do the business processing.
On the top of everything, AngularJS applications can run on all major browsers and
smart phones, including Android and iOS based phones/tablets.
Disadvantages of AngulaJS
Though AngularJS comes with a lot of merits, here are some points of concern:
Not Secure : Being JavaScript only framework, application written in
AngularJS are not safe. Server side authentication and authorization is must
to keep an application secure.
Not degradable: If the user of your application disables JavaScript, then
nothing would be visible, except the basic page.
AngularJS Directives
The AngularJS framework can be divided into three major parts:
ng-app : This directive defines and links an AngularJS application to HTML.
ng-model : This directive binds the values of AngularJS application data to
HTML input controls.
ng-bind : This directive binds the AngularJS application data to HTML tags.