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A Calculus Approach to Energy-Efficient Data Transmission With Quality-of-Service Constraints
Zafer, M. A. Modiano, E.
This paper appears in: Networking, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Publication

Abstract
Transmission rate adaptation in wireless devices provides a unique opportunity to trade off data service rate with energy consumption. In this paper, we study optimal rate control to minimize transmission energy expenditure subject to strict deadline or other quality-of-service (QoS) constraints. Specifically, the system consists of a wireless transmitter with controllable transmission rate and with strict QoS constraints on data transmission. The goal is to obtain a rate-control policy that minimizes the total transmission energy expenditure while ensuring that the QoS constraints are met. Using a novel formulation based on cumulative curves methodology, we obtain the optimal transmission policy and show that it has a simple and appealing graphical visualization. Utilizing the optimal “offline” results, we then develop an online transmission policy for an arbitrary stream of packet arrivals and deadline constraints, and show, via simulations, that it is significantly more energy-efficient than a simple head-of-line drain policy. Finally, we generalize the optimal policy results to the case of time-varying power-rate functions.

The transmitter can adapt the rate over time by varying the power and the objective is to obtain the speed control policy that minimizes the expected energy expenditure by complying with the term restrictions. Based on a cumulative curves methodology and a decomposition approach, we obtain the optimal policy when the queue has packages with variable deadline restrictions.

Limitations of delay and energy efficiency are major concerns in the design of modern wireless systems. Data services such as real-time multimedia streaming and video, high-performance file transfers, and voice over IP require strict data delaying constraints. Similarly, in sensor networks, time-sensitive detection applications impose deadline restrictions within which data must be transmitted back to a central processing entity. Power consumption is also a major concern and minimizing this cost has numerous advantages in the efficient use of the battery of mobile devices, increasing the useful life of sensor and ad hoc networks and better utilization of the limited sources Of energy in satellites. In addition, since transmission energy constitutes the bulk of total energy expenditure, it is imperative to minimize this cost to achieve significant energy savings.

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