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REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM

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Definition

BRAKING METHOD IN WHICH THE MECHANICAL ENERGY FROM THE LOAD IS CONVERTED INTO ELECTRIC ENERGY AND REGENERATED BACK INTO THE LINE IS KNOWN AS REGENERATIVE BRAKING. THE MOTOR OPERATES AS GENERATOR

NECESSITY OF THE REGENERATIVE BRAING SYSTEM



IN LOW-SPEED, STOP-AND-GO TRAFFIC WHERE LITTLE DECELERATION IS REQUIRED; THE REGENERATIVE BRAKING SYSTEM CAN PROVIDE THE MAJORITY OF THE TOTAL BRAKING FORCE. THIS VASTLY IMPROVES FUEL ECONOMY WITH A VEHICLE, AND FURTHER ENHANCES THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF VEHICLES USING REGENERATIVE BRAKING FOR CITY DRIVING.

AT HIGHER SPEEDS, TOO, REGENERATIVE BRAKING HAS BEEN SHOWN TO CONTRIBUTE TO IMPROVED FUEL ECONOMY – BY AS MUCH AS 20%.


WORKING


Regenerative Braking System is the way of slowing vehicle by using the motors as brakes. Instead of the surplus energy of the vehicle being wasted as unwanted heat, the motors act as generators and return some of it to the overhead wires as electricity.

The vehicle is primarily powered from the electrical energy generated from the generator, which burns gasoline. This energy is stored in a large battery, and used by an electric motor that provides motive force to the wheels. 

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Regenerative braking system and its Use

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What are brakes?

A brake is a device that decelerates a moving object / prevents an object from accelerating.
Brakes use friction to convert kinetic energy into heat
Guiding principle- kinetic energy increases quadratic ally with velocity -K = mv2 / 2
When the brake is pushed the caliper containing piston pushes the pad towards the brake disc which slows the wheel down.
Convectional braking system
Regenerative braking
Regenerative braking technology funnels the energy created by the braking process back into the system in the form of charging the battery for further use
In a regenerative braking system the energy normally lost in the braking process is transferred to the generator from the rotating axel and then transferred to the battery, thus saving energy.

How does it work

Vehicles driven by electric motors use the motor as a generator when using regenerative braking: it is operated as a generator during braking and its output is supplied to an electrical load; the transfer of energy to the load provides the braking effect.
Many modern hybrid and electric vehicles use this technique to extend the range of the battery pack.

How does K. E.R. S work

When the driver brakes most of the kinetic energy is still converted to heat energy but a portion is treated differently and is stored up in the car.
When the driver presses his boost button that stored energy is converted back into kinetic energy
The mechanical KERS system utilises flywheel technology to recover and store a moving vehicle’s kinetic energy which is otherwise wasted when the vehicle is decelerated.

Flywheel of K. E . R. S

Made of steel and carbon fibre which rotates at over 60,000 RPM.
60 kW power transmission in either storage or recovery
400 kJ of usable storage

Discharge mode of K. E. R. S

During this stage when the driver pushes the boost button the flywheel acts as a propulsion motor and discharges the energy to the wheels
The Flywheel rotor is decelerated during boost discharge mode and the energy is converted back.
Flywheel acts as a generator and sending energy back to electric motor, which works as propulsion motor.