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d-BLOCK ELEMENTS
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Their properties are intermediate between s-block elements and p-block elements.

At argon, the 3s and 3p levels are full, but rather than fill up the 3d levels next, the 4s level fills instead to give potassium and then calcium. Only after that do the 3d levels fill.
General Configuration- (n-1)d1-10 ns1,2
d block elements
The elements in the Periodic Table which correspond to the d sublevels filling are called d block elements.
HOW TO FORM IONS?
The rule is quite simple. Take the 4s electrons off first, and then as many 3d electrons as necessary to produce the correct positive charge.