11-04-2012, 03:45 PM
VOICE OVER INTERNET PROTOCOL
[attachment=19928]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am extremely grateful to Dr. Trilochan Sahoo,Principal,Templecity Institute Of Technology & Engineering and Dr. Priyadarshi Tripathy, Head of Department,Department of Electronics and communication Engineering,templecity institute of technology and engineering for providing all the required resources for the successful completion of our seminar.
My heartfelt gratitude to my internal guide,Miss. Sanjukta Behera, Lecturer,for her valuable suggestions and guidance in the preparation of the seminar report.
I will be failing in duty if we do not acknowledge with grateful thanks to the authors of the references and other literature referred to in this seminar.
I Express my thanks to Mr. Satyakam Hota,lecturer ,Mr. Subhrakant Pal,lecturer and all staff members and friends for all the help and co-ordination extended in bringing out this seminar successfully in time.
At last but not the least I am very much thankful to my parents who guided me in every step of my life which I took.
NAME OF THE STUDENT GOPAL CHANDRA NAYAK 7TH SEM,ECE BRANCH
ABSTRACT
Is it time to make the call and join the growing numbers of companies that are embracing Voice over IP technologies? Even though VoIP is a relatively new technology, it is maturing to the point where companies of almost any size can take advantage of the cost savings and added features. Network Administrators have
a tough job providing their users with the security and reliability that they have grown used over the years. But, with proper equipment and network design, there is no reason companies of all sizes can’t make the move to the third generation of the phone system. This paper will examine some security concerns and defense approaches by looking at the threats to VoIP and how to deal with them from design, quality of service and management perspectives.
Companies are beginning to embrace VoIP technology for a variety of
reasons. But hasVoIP evolved to the point that companies can expect the same reliability
and security that they have grown accustomed to with the public switched telephone
network (PSTN) that has been the standard for many years. VoIP is a method for sending
voice Traffic as data over traditional IP- based networks. The biggest reason companies
are interested in this technology is the cost savings.Traditionally companies have purchased
one set of hardware and software for their voice communications and a completely different
set of hardware and software for data communications. By consolidating these systems into
one, not only are companies saving money on hardware costs, but many times they are
seeing additional savings from reduced workloads for setup, support and system changes.
As an added bonus, VoIP also offers many new features that are impossible for traditional
phone systems. But just adding VoIP traffic onto your existing data network is not the
way to have a successful implementation of VoIP. A VoIP implementation must be
carefully planned out and the network must be designed to specifically handle VoIP traffic.
ADVANTAGES:
CHEAPER CALL RATES.
SIMPLIFICATION.
CALLING PERSON NEED NOT NECESSERY TO RECEIVE CALL.
BETTER VOICE QUALITY USING WIDE BAND CODECS.
ADDING NEW FEATURES AND APPLICATIONS OVER TIME IS EASY.
INTEGRATION OF VOICE,DATA ,FAX VIDEO IS POSSIBLE.
LIMITATIONS:
PACKET DELAY(Variable packet arrival time).
PACKET LOSS((no guarantee of delivering packets).
JITTER.
Contents
Introduction.
What is VOIP ?
Modes of operation of VOIP.
Basic principles of operation of VOIP.
Basic techniques of VOIP.
Advantages of VOIP.
Disadvantages of VOIP.
Applications of VOIP.
Voice coding algorithms.
Gateway protocols.
The importance of VOIP.
Advantages of IP telephony.
Main justification for development of VOIP.
Future trends.
Summery.
References.
I N T R O D U C T I O N:
Using an ordinary phone for most people is a common daily occurrence as is listening to your favorite CD containing the digitally recorded music. It is only a small extension to these technologies in having your voice transmitted in data packets. The transmission of voice in the phone network was done originally using an analog signal but this has been replaced in much of the world by digital networks. Although many of our phones are still analog, the network that carries that voice has become digital.
In todays phone networks, the analog voice going into our analog phones is digitized as it enters the phone network. This digitization process, shown in Figure 1 below, records a sample of the loudness (voltage) of the signal at fixed intervals of time. These digital voice samples travel through the network one byte at a time.
Figure 1. Digital Sampling of an analog voice signal
At the destination phone line, the byte is put into a device that takes the voltage number and produces that voltage for the destination phone. Since the output signal is the same as the input signal, we can understand what was originally spoken.
The evolution of that technology is to take numbers that represent the voltage and group them together in a data packet similar to the way computers send and receive information to the Internet. Voice over IP is the technology of taking units of sampled speech data .
So at its most basic level, the concept of VoIP is straightforward. The complexity of VoIP comes in the many ways to represent the data, setting up the connection between the initiator of the call and the receiver of the call, and the types of networks that carry the call.
Using data packets to carry voice is not just done using IP packets. Although it won't be discussed, there is also voice over Frame Relay (VoFR) and Voice over ATM (VoATM) technologies. Many of the issues VoIP being discussed also apply to the other packetized voice technologies.
The increasing multimedia contents in Internet have reduced drastically the objections to putting voice on data networks. Basically, the Internet objections to putting voice on data networks. Basically, the Internet Telephony is to transmit multimedia information in discrete packets like voice or video over Internet or any other IP-based Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN). The commercial Voice Over IP (Internet Protocol) was introduced in early 1995 by some Lobbysts of Israel,when VocalTec introduced its Internet telephone software. Because the technologies and the market have gradually reached their maturity, many industry leading companies have developed their products for Voice Over IP applications since 1995.
[attachment=19928]
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am extremely grateful to Dr. Trilochan Sahoo,Principal,Templecity Institute Of Technology & Engineering and Dr. Priyadarshi Tripathy, Head of Department,Department of Electronics and communication Engineering,templecity institute of technology and engineering for providing all the required resources for the successful completion of our seminar.
My heartfelt gratitude to my internal guide,Miss. Sanjukta Behera, Lecturer,for her valuable suggestions and guidance in the preparation of the seminar report.
I will be failing in duty if we do not acknowledge with grateful thanks to the authors of the references and other literature referred to in this seminar.
I Express my thanks to Mr. Satyakam Hota,lecturer ,Mr. Subhrakant Pal,lecturer and all staff members and friends for all the help and co-ordination extended in bringing out this seminar successfully in time.
At last but not the least I am very much thankful to my parents who guided me in every step of my life which I took.
NAME OF THE STUDENT GOPAL CHANDRA NAYAK 7TH SEM,ECE BRANCH
ABSTRACT
Is it time to make the call and join the growing numbers of companies that are embracing Voice over IP technologies? Even though VoIP is a relatively new technology, it is maturing to the point where companies of almost any size can take advantage of the cost savings and added features. Network Administrators have
a tough job providing their users with the security and reliability that they have grown used over the years. But, with proper equipment and network design, there is no reason companies of all sizes can’t make the move to the third generation of the phone system. This paper will examine some security concerns and defense approaches by looking at the threats to VoIP and how to deal with them from design, quality of service and management perspectives.
Companies are beginning to embrace VoIP technology for a variety of
reasons. But hasVoIP evolved to the point that companies can expect the same reliability
and security that they have grown accustomed to with the public switched telephone
network (PSTN) that has been the standard for many years. VoIP is a method for sending
voice Traffic as data over traditional IP- based networks. The biggest reason companies
are interested in this technology is the cost savings.Traditionally companies have purchased
one set of hardware and software for their voice communications and a completely different
set of hardware and software for data communications. By consolidating these systems into
one, not only are companies saving money on hardware costs, but many times they are
seeing additional savings from reduced workloads for setup, support and system changes.
As an added bonus, VoIP also offers many new features that are impossible for traditional
phone systems. But just adding VoIP traffic onto your existing data network is not the
way to have a successful implementation of VoIP. A VoIP implementation must be
carefully planned out and the network must be designed to specifically handle VoIP traffic.
ADVANTAGES:
CHEAPER CALL RATES.
SIMPLIFICATION.
CALLING PERSON NEED NOT NECESSERY TO RECEIVE CALL.
BETTER VOICE QUALITY USING WIDE BAND CODECS.
ADDING NEW FEATURES AND APPLICATIONS OVER TIME IS EASY.
INTEGRATION OF VOICE,DATA ,FAX VIDEO IS POSSIBLE.
LIMITATIONS:
PACKET DELAY(Variable packet arrival time).
PACKET LOSS((no guarantee of delivering packets).
JITTER.
Contents
Introduction.
What is VOIP ?
Modes of operation of VOIP.
Basic principles of operation of VOIP.
Basic techniques of VOIP.
Advantages of VOIP.
Disadvantages of VOIP.
Applications of VOIP.
Voice coding algorithms.
Gateway protocols.
The importance of VOIP.
Advantages of IP telephony.
Main justification for development of VOIP.
Future trends.
Summery.
References.
I N T R O D U C T I O N:
Using an ordinary phone for most people is a common daily occurrence as is listening to your favorite CD containing the digitally recorded music. It is only a small extension to these technologies in having your voice transmitted in data packets. The transmission of voice in the phone network was done originally using an analog signal but this has been replaced in much of the world by digital networks. Although many of our phones are still analog, the network that carries that voice has become digital.
In todays phone networks, the analog voice going into our analog phones is digitized as it enters the phone network. This digitization process, shown in Figure 1 below, records a sample of the loudness (voltage) of the signal at fixed intervals of time. These digital voice samples travel through the network one byte at a time.
Figure 1. Digital Sampling of an analog voice signal
At the destination phone line, the byte is put into a device that takes the voltage number and produces that voltage for the destination phone. Since the output signal is the same as the input signal, we can understand what was originally spoken.
The evolution of that technology is to take numbers that represent the voltage and group them together in a data packet similar to the way computers send and receive information to the Internet. Voice over IP is the technology of taking units of sampled speech data .
So at its most basic level, the concept of VoIP is straightforward. The complexity of VoIP comes in the many ways to represent the data, setting up the connection between the initiator of the call and the receiver of the call, and the types of networks that carry the call.
Using data packets to carry voice is not just done using IP packets. Although it won't be discussed, there is also voice over Frame Relay (VoFR) and Voice over ATM (VoATM) technologies. Many of the issues VoIP being discussed also apply to the other packetized voice technologies.
The increasing multimedia contents in Internet have reduced drastically the objections to putting voice on data networks. Basically, the Internet objections to putting voice on data networks. Basically, the Internet Telephony is to transmit multimedia information in discrete packets like voice or video over Internet or any other IP-based Local Area Network (LAN) or Wide Area Network (WAN). The commercial Voice Over IP (Internet Protocol) was introduced in early 1995 by some Lobbysts of Israel,when VocalTec introduced its Internet telephone software. Because the technologies and the market have gradually reached their maturity, many industry leading companies have developed their products for Voice Over IP applications since 1995.