23-04-2012, 11:47 AM
4G TECHNOLOGY
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Introduction
Voice communication was the major factor for second-generation mobile and it was considerably successfully with the standard Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) using TDM/FDM technology with 200 kHz frequency band. The 2G technology was designed only for the voice communication and internet service for transferring user data were not available. Since both voice and data communications services including Internet service were needed and the research on 3G systems were on the way.
Evolution of 4G wireless Technology
In order to make smooth transition from 3G to 4G the mobile communication companies are promoting Super 3G/LTE. The companies are upgrading 3G Technology by initializing the introduction of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) service, which increases the downlink data rate of packet services, and by finalizing specifications for High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), which enhances uplink speed. HSDPA and HSUPA cover area by 3-4 times relative to W-CDMA and by providing the high transmission rate with low cost per bit transmission. The main objective of the Super 3G is to construct simple, low cost system by removing the complexity from wireless network and mobile handsets.
Smart antenna enhancements.
The main purpose of the radio communication depends on the advancements of the antennas which refer to smart or intelligent antennas. In early 90s, in order to meet growing data rate needs of the data communication, many transmission techniques were proposed such as spatial multiplexing which increases the bandwidth conservation and power efficiency. Spatial multiplexing provides the multiple deployment of antennas at the transmitting and receiving end and then independent streams of data can be transmitted as requested by the user can be transmitted simultaneously from the all transmitting antennas.
SDR (Software-Defined Radio)
A basic SDR produces a radio that is capable of receiving and transmitting a different form of radio protocol (sometimes referred to as a waveform) as per the needs just by running different software. A SDR will allow to increase network capacity at specific time (e.g. during a sports event) and the operator can reconfigure its network by adding several modems at a given Base Transceiver Station (BTS). SDR will allow reconfigure network structure as per the needs. At the present SDR implementation is done by the infrastructure which develops multi-band, multi-standard base stations and terminals.
Conclusion
There has been constant development in the cellular as we have seen in 2G technology to 3G technology which includes GSM, GPRS, EDGE, CDMA, CDMA200, HSPDA, WiMAX etc. 2G only supports the voice communicate and 2.5G supports voice and data communication and 3G supports voice and data communication but at higher rate as compare to the 2.5G. But today there is high demand of multimedia applications like online video, video conferencing. And there is need of better quality of service (QoS) and device mobility from one network to network at high speed. There is strong need of technology better than 3G.
[attachment=20581]
Introduction
Voice communication was the major factor for second-generation mobile and it was considerably successfully with the standard Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) using TDM/FDM technology with 200 kHz frequency band. The 2G technology was designed only for the voice communication and internet service for transferring user data were not available. Since both voice and data communications services including Internet service were needed and the research on 3G systems were on the way.
Evolution of 4G wireless Technology
In order to make smooth transition from 3G to 4G the mobile communication companies are promoting Super 3G/LTE. The companies are upgrading 3G Technology by initializing the introduction of High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) service, which increases the downlink data rate of packet services, and by finalizing specifications for High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), which enhances uplink speed. HSDPA and HSUPA cover area by 3-4 times relative to W-CDMA and by providing the high transmission rate with low cost per bit transmission. The main objective of the Super 3G is to construct simple, low cost system by removing the complexity from wireless network and mobile handsets.
Smart antenna enhancements.
The main purpose of the radio communication depends on the advancements of the antennas which refer to smart or intelligent antennas. In early 90s, in order to meet growing data rate needs of the data communication, many transmission techniques were proposed such as spatial multiplexing which increases the bandwidth conservation and power efficiency. Spatial multiplexing provides the multiple deployment of antennas at the transmitting and receiving end and then independent streams of data can be transmitted as requested by the user can be transmitted simultaneously from the all transmitting antennas.
SDR (Software-Defined Radio)
A basic SDR produces a radio that is capable of receiving and transmitting a different form of radio protocol (sometimes referred to as a waveform) as per the needs just by running different software. A SDR will allow to increase network capacity at specific time (e.g. during a sports event) and the operator can reconfigure its network by adding several modems at a given Base Transceiver Station (BTS). SDR will allow reconfigure network structure as per the needs. At the present SDR implementation is done by the infrastructure which develops multi-band, multi-standard base stations and terminals.
Conclusion
There has been constant development in the cellular as we have seen in 2G technology to 3G technology which includes GSM, GPRS, EDGE, CDMA, CDMA200, HSPDA, WiMAX etc. 2G only supports the voice communicate and 2.5G supports voice and data communication and 3G supports voice and data communication but at higher rate as compare to the 2.5G. But today there is high demand of multimedia applications like online video, video conferencing. And there is need of better quality of service (QoS) and device mobility from one network to network at high speed. There is strong need of technology better than 3G.