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electronic device and circuit theory

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Doping

The electrical characteristics of silicon and germanium are improved by adding materials in a process called doping. There are just two types of doped semiconductor materials:

p-n Junctions

One end of a silicon or germanium crystal can be doped as a p-type material and the other end as an n-type material.


Diode Operating Conditions


The reverse voltage causes the depletion region to widen.
The electrons in the n-type material are attracted toward the positive terminal of the voltage source.
The holes in the p-type material are attracted toward the negative terminal of the voltage source.


Actual Diode Characteristics


Note the regions for no bias, reverse bias, and forward bias conditions.
Carefully note the scale for each of these conditions.