23-05-2012, 11:49 AM
Dynamic Real Time National Power Grid Control using
Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire
[attachment=22823]
ABSTRACT
The power sector in India is expanding rapidly to achieve the goal of “Electricity for all by 2012”. Due to additions of new generating plants, grid stations and sub-stations, the complexity of the power system has increased. A national power grid in any country is basically a high – voltage electric power transmission Network to connect power generating stations and major sub stations. Such grid ensure that electricity generated anywhere within the country can be used to satisfy demand elsewhere.
The saving of electric power is equal to the generation of electricity, this encourage use of advance technology for reducing transmission losses. Hierarchical load dispatching systems are employed to monitor, supervise and control the power grid in effective and efficient manner.
INTRODUCTION
India has a large complicated electric power system of generation having capacity about 170.2GW. Central Govt. undertakings generates 52.7 GW, while various states govt. undertaking generates 82.2GW. The private sector companies generate 35.3GW.
The Indian Power Grid is expanding at a fast pace to achieve its goal of “Electricity for all by 2012”. There is an ambition of adding 78.7GW capacity during the 11th 5 year plan by the central and state utilities together. In order to achieve this goal, regional grids of Indian Power System are being connected synchronously to help in seamless transfer of power from one region to another.
India is thickly populated, tropically diversified and has heterogeneous geography. Power system of India has been divided in five regional grids namely North, West, East, North-east and South region. First four of the above five regional electricity grids are operating in a synchronous mode since 25th August 2006 and the interconnection is called the “NEW GRID”. The southern Regional Grid is presently connected to the “NEW GRID” through several High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) asynchronous ties and a few AC lines in radial mode [3].
INTELLIGENT ELECTRONIC DEVICE
An intelligent electronic device (IED) is a term used in the electric power industry/ utility to describe microprocessor-based controllers of power system equipment, such as circuit breakers, transformers and capacitors banks.
IED receive data from sensors and power equipment, and can issue control commands, such as tripping circuit breakers if they sense voltage, current, or frequency anomalies or raise/lower voltage levels in order to maintain the desired level, Common types of IED include protective relaying device, load tap changer controllers, circuit breaker controllers, capacitor bank switches, recloser controllers, voltage regulators, etc. Digital protective relays are primarily IEDs, using microprocessor to perform several protective, control, and similar functions. A typical IED can contain around 5-12 protection functions, 5-8 control functions controlling separate devices, an auto reclose function, self monitoring function, communication functions etc. Hence they are called Intelligent Electronic Devices. Some recent IEDs [8] are designed to support the IEC61850 standard for sub station automation, which provides interoperability and advanced communications capabilities.
CONCLUSION
With the advent of OPGW, the power sector SCADA can focus on gathering and circulating the right amount of system information to the right person or computer within the right amount of time. It will create solutions to fight or avoid blackouts. It will provide an information highway for power sector to achieve surplus electricity utilization quickly and orderly. An intelligent EMS shall be able to function well only when it makes use of combination of technologies i.e. IEDs, IT based SCADA along with the optical fiber communication for the transfer of data at fast rate. By use of OPGW, the power utilities can manage the operation of the large power grid more efficiently and save power losses. OPGW can also earn extra revenue by leasing out spare capacity to other agencies for their communication purposes. It can be concluded clearly that OPGW technique is best suited for the Indian Power Sector to achieve dynamic real time control over the grid.
Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire
[attachment=22823]
ABSTRACT
The power sector in India is expanding rapidly to achieve the goal of “Electricity for all by 2012”. Due to additions of new generating plants, grid stations and sub-stations, the complexity of the power system has increased. A national power grid in any country is basically a high – voltage electric power transmission Network to connect power generating stations and major sub stations. Such grid ensure that electricity generated anywhere within the country can be used to satisfy demand elsewhere.
The saving of electric power is equal to the generation of electricity, this encourage use of advance technology for reducing transmission losses. Hierarchical load dispatching systems are employed to monitor, supervise and control the power grid in effective and efficient manner.
INTRODUCTION
India has a large complicated electric power system of generation having capacity about 170.2GW. Central Govt. undertakings generates 52.7 GW, while various states govt. undertaking generates 82.2GW. The private sector companies generate 35.3GW.
The Indian Power Grid is expanding at a fast pace to achieve its goal of “Electricity for all by 2012”. There is an ambition of adding 78.7GW capacity during the 11th 5 year plan by the central and state utilities together. In order to achieve this goal, regional grids of Indian Power System are being connected synchronously to help in seamless transfer of power from one region to another.
India is thickly populated, tropically diversified and has heterogeneous geography. Power system of India has been divided in five regional grids namely North, West, East, North-east and South region. First four of the above five regional electricity grids are operating in a synchronous mode since 25th August 2006 and the interconnection is called the “NEW GRID”. The southern Regional Grid is presently connected to the “NEW GRID” through several High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) asynchronous ties and a few AC lines in radial mode [3].
INTELLIGENT ELECTRONIC DEVICE
An intelligent electronic device (IED) is a term used in the electric power industry/ utility to describe microprocessor-based controllers of power system equipment, such as circuit breakers, transformers and capacitors banks.
IED receive data from sensors and power equipment, and can issue control commands, such as tripping circuit breakers if they sense voltage, current, or frequency anomalies or raise/lower voltage levels in order to maintain the desired level, Common types of IED include protective relaying device, load tap changer controllers, circuit breaker controllers, capacitor bank switches, recloser controllers, voltage regulators, etc. Digital protective relays are primarily IEDs, using microprocessor to perform several protective, control, and similar functions. A typical IED can contain around 5-12 protection functions, 5-8 control functions controlling separate devices, an auto reclose function, self monitoring function, communication functions etc. Hence they are called Intelligent Electronic Devices. Some recent IEDs [8] are designed to support the IEC61850 standard for sub station automation, which provides interoperability and advanced communications capabilities.
CONCLUSION
With the advent of OPGW, the power sector SCADA can focus on gathering and circulating the right amount of system information to the right person or computer within the right amount of time. It will create solutions to fight or avoid blackouts. It will provide an information highway for power sector to achieve surplus electricity utilization quickly and orderly. An intelligent EMS shall be able to function well only when it makes use of combination of technologies i.e. IEDs, IT based SCADA along with the optical fiber communication for the transfer of data at fast rate. By use of OPGW, the power utilities can manage the operation of the large power grid more efficiently and save power losses. OPGW can also earn extra revenue by leasing out spare capacity to other agencies for their communication purposes. It can be concluded clearly that OPGW technique is best suited for the Indian Power Sector to achieve dynamic real time control over the grid.