26-05-2012, 03:54 PM
The Monitoring System of Leakage Accidents in Crude Oil Pipeline based on ZigBee Technology
[attachment=23196]
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the leakage accidents in the pipeline
transportation occur frequently. So how to make the
effective detection and accurate localization for pipeline
leakage is an important work, which could help maintaining
safe running of pipeline transportation.
Traditionally, the pipeline leakage monitoring system is
realized by communication cable system. The cost of
installation and maintenance are very expensive and difficult.
In order to overcome these restrictions, wireless sensor
network for monitoring is definitely the best choice in the
situation above. ZigBee is a good wireless networking
technology with features of low power consumption, low
cost and self-organized. For these features the technology is
wildly used in the pipeline leakage monitoring application
field.
A WIRELESS MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON ZIGBEE
System traits
Once there is a leakage occurrence, the wireless
monitoring system will take action after analyzing the
negative pressure wave signals. Fig.2 depicts the theory. The
tree [1] type of topology in ZigBee application is chosen.
The sub-system consists of a full-function device (FFD) and
many reduced-function devices (RFD). The sensor node with
the wireless transceiver module as FFD should be collecting
data, information processing and communication. The subsystem
is responsible for data collection, coordinators
controlling and information being sent to the sink node. The
sink node is responsible for data real-time display, warning
and coordinators controlling.
hardware design
The hardware node mainly consists of ZigBee-ready RF
transceiver, processor module, sensors module and power
supply. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard compliant transceiver
CC2420 and the powerful 16-bit RISC CPU MSP430149 are
used in the hardware design.
The circuit diagram of CC2420 is illustrated in Fig.3 The
CC2420 is a true single-chip 2.4 GHz compliant RF
transceiver designed for low-power and low-voltage wireless
applications. It is low supply voltage (2.1-3.6V) with
integrated voltage regulator, low supply voltage (1.6-2.0V)
with external voltage regulator and low current consumption
(RX: 19.7mA, TX: 17.4mA).
Software design
The system programs can be divided into embedded
system in the microcontroller by Z-Stack [3][4] and user
interface on PC computer that produces data sheets and
displays nodes status and information. It includes creating a
network for Zigbee coordinators, inspecting if all the son
nodes are in the network, the communication of coordinators
with son nodes, controlling the son nodes and sending
information.
CONCLUSION
The wireless monitoring system based on ZigBee
technology could collect pressure information in time and
take more convenience than cables system. The oil pipelines
are widely distributed and the workers must take action after
the leakage accidents occur. The system uses the pressure
sensor which precision is 0.1grade and max measurement
range is 10 MPa by fully considering the actual
characteristics of the environment. It is found to work well
whose self-organized [9] and self-healing features can reach
the requirements if one or two sensors are ruined. It has
tested under various operating conditions.
[attachment=23196]
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the leakage accidents in the pipeline
transportation occur frequently. So how to make the
effective detection and accurate localization for pipeline
leakage is an important work, which could help maintaining
safe running of pipeline transportation.
Traditionally, the pipeline leakage monitoring system is
realized by communication cable system. The cost of
installation and maintenance are very expensive and difficult.
In order to overcome these restrictions, wireless sensor
network for monitoring is definitely the best choice in the
situation above. ZigBee is a good wireless networking
technology with features of low power consumption, low
cost and self-organized. For these features the technology is
wildly used in the pipeline leakage monitoring application
field.
A WIRELESS MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON ZIGBEE
System traits
Once there is a leakage occurrence, the wireless
monitoring system will take action after analyzing the
negative pressure wave signals. Fig.2 depicts the theory. The
tree [1] type of topology in ZigBee application is chosen.
The sub-system consists of a full-function device (FFD) and
many reduced-function devices (RFD). The sensor node with
the wireless transceiver module as FFD should be collecting
data, information processing and communication. The subsystem
is responsible for data collection, coordinators
controlling and information being sent to the sink node. The
sink node is responsible for data real-time display, warning
and coordinators controlling.
hardware design
The hardware node mainly consists of ZigBee-ready RF
transceiver, processor module, sensors module and power
supply. The IEEE 802.15.4 standard compliant transceiver
CC2420 and the powerful 16-bit RISC CPU MSP430149 are
used in the hardware design.
The circuit diagram of CC2420 is illustrated in Fig.3 The
CC2420 is a true single-chip 2.4 GHz compliant RF
transceiver designed for low-power and low-voltage wireless
applications. It is low supply voltage (2.1-3.6V) with
integrated voltage regulator, low supply voltage (1.6-2.0V)
with external voltage regulator and low current consumption
(RX: 19.7mA, TX: 17.4mA).
Software design
The system programs can be divided into embedded
system in the microcontroller by Z-Stack [3][4] and user
interface on PC computer that produces data sheets and
displays nodes status and information. It includes creating a
network for Zigbee coordinators, inspecting if all the son
nodes are in the network, the communication of coordinators
with son nodes, controlling the son nodes and sending
information.
CONCLUSION
The wireless monitoring system based on ZigBee
technology could collect pressure information in time and
take more convenience than cables system. The oil pipelines
are widely distributed and the workers must take action after
the leakage accidents occur. The system uses the pressure
sensor which precision is 0.1grade and max measurement
range is 10 MPa by fully considering the actual
characteristics of the environment. It is found to work well
whose self-organized [9] and self-healing features can reach
the requirements if one or two sensors are ruined. It has
tested under various operating conditions.