31-05-2012, 02:38 PM
Robust Video Data Hiding Using Forbidden Zone Data Hiding and Selective Embedding
[attachment=23710]
Introduction
DATA HIDING is the process of embedding information
into a host medium. In general, visual and arual media
are preferred due to their wide presence and the tolerance
of human perceptual systems involved. Although the general
structure of data hiding process does not depend on the host
media type, the methods vary depending on the nature of such
media. For instance, image and video data hiding share many
common points; however video data hiding necessitates more
complex designs [6], [7] as a result of the additional temporal
dimension. Therefore, video data hiding continues to constitute
an active research area.
Proposed Video Data Hiding Framework
We propose a block based adaptive video data hiding
method that incorporates FZDH, which is shown to be superior
to QIM and competitive with DC-QIM [8], and erasure
handling through RA Codes. We utilize selective embedding
to determine which host signal coefficients will be used in data
hiding as in [3]. Unlike the method in [3], we employ block selection
(entropy selection scheme [3]) and coefficient selection
(selectively embedding in coefficients scheme [3]) together.
The de-synchronization due to block selection is handled via
RA Codes as in [2] and [3]. The de-synchronization due to
coefficient selection is handled by using multi-dimensional
form of FZDH in varying dimensions. In [2], the frames are
processed independently. It is observed that [10] intra and
inter frames do not yield significant differences. Therefore,
in order to overcome local bursts of error, we utilize 3-D
interleaving similar to [5], which does not utilize selective
embedding, but uses the whole LL subband of discrete wavelet
transform. Furthermore, as in [5], we equip the method with
frame synchronization markers in order to handle frame drop,
insert, or repeat attacks.
Frame Synchronization Markers
Each frame within a group of T consecutive frames is
assigned a local frame index starting from 0 to T − 1. These
markers are used to determine the frame drops, inserts and
repeats, as well as the end of the group of frames at which
point all necessary message bits are available for RA decoder.
Frame indices are represented by K2 bits. After RA encoder
RK2 bits are obtained. Hence, RK2 blocks are reserved for
frame markers. K2 >> log2T, so that a small portion of 2K2
codewords is valid. Therefore, we can detect the valid frames
with higher probability. Using the sequential frame index
information, the robustness increases. Furthermore, RA code
spreads the output codewords of the adjacent frame indices;
hence, errors are less likely to occur when decoding adjacent
frame indices.
FZDH Versus QIM
We utilize MPEG-2 DVB-S videos from five different TV
channels. The total duration of the host video set is equal
to 60 min (approximately 90 000 frames). The resolution of
the videos is 720 by 576. Initial bitrates of the videos range
from 6 Mb/s to 9 Mb/s. The marked videos are re-encoded
at various bitrates and decoding errors are computed. The
raw channel performance is measured by hiding the same
data bit (i.e., constant m) to the whole video. Additionally,
frame selection is not active. Hence de-synchronization due to
selective embedding is not effective.
Conclusion
In this paper, we proposed a new video data hiding framework
that makes use of erasure correction capability of RA
codes and superiority of FZDH. The method is also robust to
frame manipulation attacks via frame synchronization markers.
First, we compared FZDH and QIM as the data hiding
method of the proposed framework. We observed that FZDH
is superior to QIM, especially for low embedding distortion
levels.
[attachment=23710]
Introduction
DATA HIDING is the process of embedding information
into a host medium. In general, visual and arual media
are preferred due to their wide presence and the tolerance
of human perceptual systems involved. Although the general
structure of data hiding process does not depend on the host
media type, the methods vary depending on the nature of such
media. For instance, image and video data hiding share many
common points; however video data hiding necessitates more
complex designs [6], [7] as a result of the additional temporal
dimension. Therefore, video data hiding continues to constitute
an active research area.
Proposed Video Data Hiding Framework
We propose a block based adaptive video data hiding
method that incorporates FZDH, which is shown to be superior
to QIM and competitive with DC-QIM [8], and erasure
handling through RA Codes. We utilize selective embedding
to determine which host signal coefficients will be used in data
hiding as in [3]. Unlike the method in [3], we employ block selection
(entropy selection scheme [3]) and coefficient selection
(selectively embedding in coefficients scheme [3]) together.
The de-synchronization due to block selection is handled via
RA Codes as in [2] and [3]. The de-synchronization due to
coefficient selection is handled by using multi-dimensional
form of FZDH in varying dimensions. In [2], the frames are
processed independently. It is observed that [10] intra and
inter frames do not yield significant differences. Therefore,
in order to overcome local bursts of error, we utilize 3-D
interleaving similar to [5], which does not utilize selective
embedding, but uses the whole LL subband of discrete wavelet
transform. Furthermore, as in [5], we equip the method with
frame synchronization markers in order to handle frame drop,
insert, or repeat attacks.
Frame Synchronization Markers
Each frame within a group of T consecutive frames is
assigned a local frame index starting from 0 to T − 1. These
markers are used to determine the frame drops, inserts and
repeats, as well as the end of the group of frames at which
point all necessary message bits are available for RA decoder.
Frame indices are represented by K2 bits. After RA encoder
RK2 bits are obtained. Hence, RK2 blocks are reserved for
frame markers. K2 >> log2T, so that a small portion of 2K2
codewords is valid. Therefore, we can detect the valid frames
with higher probability. Using the sequential frame index
information, the robustness increases. Furthermore, RA code
spreads the output codewords of the adjacent frame indices;
hence, errors are less likely to occur when decoding adjacent
frame indices.
FZDH Versus QIM
We utilize MPEG-2 DVB-S videos from five different TV
channels. The total duration of the host video set is equal
to 60 min (approximately 90 000 frames). The resolution of
the videos is 720 by 576. Initial bitrates of the videos range
from 6 Mb/s to 9 Mb/s. The marked videos are re-encoded
at various bitrates and decoding errors are computed. The
raw channel performance is measured by hiding the same
data bit (i.e., constant m) to the whole video. Additionally,
frame selection is not active. Hence de-synchronization due to
selective embedding is not effective.
Conclusion
In this paper, we proposed a new video data hiding framework
that makes use of erasure correction capability of RA
codes and superiority of FZDH. The method is also robust to
frame manipulation attacks via frame synchronization markers.
First, we compared FZDH and QIM as the data hiding
method of the proposed framework. We observed that FZDH
is superior to QIM, especially for low embedding distortion
levels.