29-06-2012, 04:51 PM
Software testing
ABSTRACT
Software testing is the process used to measure the quality of developed computer software. Software Testing is not just about error-finding and their rectification but also about underlining client requirements and testing that those requirements are met by the software solution/application. It is the most important functional phase in the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) as it exhibits all mistakes, flaws and errors in the developed software. Without rectifying theses errors, technically termed as ‘bugs,’ software development is not considered to be complete. Hence, software testing becomes an important parameter for assuring quality of the software product
Testing objectives include
1. Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.
2. A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error.
3. A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet undiscovered error.
Testing should systematically uncover different classes of errors in a minimum amount of time and with a minimum amount of effort. A secondary benefit of testing is that it demonstrates that the software appears to be working as stated in the specifications.
When Testing should be started?
Testing early in the life cycle reduces the errors. Test deliverables are associated with every phase of development. The goal of Software Tester is to find bugs, find them as early as possible, and make them sure they are fixed.
When should we Stop Testing?
This can be difficult to determine. Many modern software applications are so complex, and run in such as interdependent environment, that complete testing can never be done. "When to stop testing" is one of the most difficult questions to a test engineer. Common factors in deciding when to stop are:
• Deadlines (release deadlines, testing deadlines.)
• Test cases completed with certain percentages passed
• Test budget depleted
• Coverage of code/functionality/requirements reaches a specified point
• The rate at which Bugs can be found is too small
• Beta or Alpha Testing period ends
• The risk in the project is under acceptable limit.
There are 4 Testing Steps:
1. Select what has to be measured
2. Decide how the testing is done for each level of testing
3. Develop test cases
4. Create the test oracle
Types of testing:
1.Black box testing – Internal system design is not considered in this type of testing. Tests are based on requirements and functionality.
2.White box testing – This testing is based on knowledge of the internal logic of an application’s code. Also known as Glass box Testing. Internal software and code working should be known for this type of testing. Tests are based on coverage of code statements, branches, paths, conditions.
3.Unit testing – Testing of individual software components or modules. Typically done by the programmer and not by testers, as it requires detailed knowledge of the internal program design and code. may require developing test driver modules or test harnesses.
4.Integration testing – Testing of integrated modules to verify combined functionality after integration. Modules are typically code modules, individual applications, client and server applications on a network, etc. This type of testing is especially relevant to client/server and distributed systems.
5.End-to-end testing – Similar to system testing, involves testing of a complete application environment in a situation that mimics real-world use, such as interacting with a database, using network communications, or interacting with other hardware, applications, or systems if appropriate.
6.Alpha testing – In house virtual user environment can be created for this type of testing. Testing is done at the end of development. Still minor design changes may be made as a result of such testing.
7.Beta testing – Testing typically done by end-users or others. Final testing before releasing application for commercial purpose.
ABSTRACT
Software testing is the process used to measure the quality of developed computer software. Software Testing is not just about error-finding and their rectification but also about underlining client requirements and testing that those requirements are met by the software solution/application. It is the most important functional phase in the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) as it exhibits all mistakes, flaws and errors in the developed software. Without rectifying theses errors, technically termed as ‘bugs,’ software development is not considered to be complete. Hence, software testing becomes an important parameter for assuring quality of the software product
Testing objectives include
1. Testing is a process of executing a program with the intent of finding an error.
2. A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error.
3. A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet undiscovered error.
Testing should systematically uncover different classes of errors in a minimum amount of time and with a minimum amount of effort. A secondary benefit of testing is that it demonstrates that the software appears to be working as stated in the specifications.
When Testing should be started?
Testing early in the life cycle reduces the errors. Test deliverables are associated with every phase of development. The goal of Software Tester is to find bugs, find them as early as possible, and make them sure they are fixed.
When should we Stop Testing?
This can be difficult to determine. Many modern software applications are so complex, and run in such as interdependent environment, that complete testing can never be done. "When to stop testing" is one of the most difficult questions to a test engineer. Common factors in deciding when to stop are:
• Deadlines (release deadlines, testing deadlines.)
• Test cases completed with certain percentages passed
• Test budget depleted
• Coverage of code/functionality/requirements reaches a specified point
• The rate at which Bugs can be found is too small
• Beta or Alpha Testing period ends
• The risk in the project is under acceptable limit.
There are 4 Testing Steps:
1. Select what has to be measured
2. Decide how the testing is done for each level of testing
3. Develop test cases
4. Create the test oracle
Types of testing:
1.Black box testing – Internal system design is not considered in this type of testing. Tests are based on requirements and functionality.
2.White box testing – This testing is based on knowledge of the internal logic of an application’s code. Also known as Glass box Testing. Internal software and code working should be known for this type of testing. Tests are based on coverage of code statements, branches, paths, conditions.
3.Unit testing – Testing of individual software components or modules. Typically done by the programmer and not by testers, as it requires detailed knowledge of the internal program design and code. may require developing test driver modules or test harnesses.
4.Integration testing – Testing of integrated modules to verify combined functionality after integration. Modules are typically code modules, individual applications, client and server applications on a network, etc. This type of testing is especially relevant to client/server and distributed systems.
5.End-to-end testing – Similar to system testing, involves testing of a complete application environment in a situation that mimics real-world use, such as interacting with a database, using network communications, or interacting with other hardware, applications, or systems if appropriate.
6.Alpha testing – In house virtual user environment can be created for this type of testing. Testing is done at the end of development. Still minor design changes may be made as a result of such testing.
7.Beta testing – Testing typically done by end-users or others. Final testing before releasing application for commercial purpose.