02-07-2012, 03:16 PM
Instrumentation and Control Systems Presentation
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Digital
Storing information often in a series of 1’s and 0’s or binary numbers. The process can be used to do calculations or sending pulses to regulate instrumentation or other electronic equipment turning it on/off or regulating the use of materials such as the flow of liquid through a valve. In instrumentation and process control this accomplished by concerting an analogue signal into a digital signal to control the process. A non-electronic example would be smoke signals or a beacon.
Analogue
An analog or analogue signal is any continuously variable signal. It differs from a digital signal in that small fluctuations in the signal are meaningful within a given scale range from a small to large signal. Analog is usually thought of in an electrical context, however mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also use analog signals.
Binary
Having the base of 2 for number system with two digits 0 and 1. Basis of electronic signal signals used in computers. Creates two states for the binary signal on or off, 0 being off and 1 being on. There is no state in between the device is either on or off. Often referred to as Boolean Logic.
Microprocessor
A silicon based processing chip or logic chip designed as the heart of the computer, contains all the necessary information to run a computer speed measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz). These chips have areas for comparing numbers or doing calculations called registers.
Fuzzy Logic
The ability of a machine to answer questions that are not yes or no questions. Fuzzy logic use 0 and 1 as the extremes of yes and no but answers the degrees of maybe. Fuzzy logic works much closers to that of the human brain. It is subset of Boolean logic use to fill the concepts of a partial truth.
Neural System
In information technology, a neural network is a system of programs and data structures that approximates the operation of the human brain. A neural network usually involves a large number of processors operating in parallel, each with its own small sphere of knowledge and access to data in its local memory.
Sensors
Devices such as a photocell that respond to a signal or stimulus. A device that measures or detects a real-world condition, such as motion, heat or light and converts the condition into an analog or digital representation. These devices are use in manufacturing plants to tell how many items are in a package such as the example CD’s to fill a container for packaging or to the number of containers fill case for shipment.
[attachment=26441]
Digital
Storing information often in a series of 1’s and 0’s or binary numbers. The process can be used to do calculations or sending pulses to regulate instrumentation or other electronic equipment turning it on/off or regulating the use of materials such as the flow of liquid through a valve. In instrumentation and process control this accomplished by concerting an analogue signal into a digital signal to control the process. A non-electronic example would be smoke signals or a beacon.
Analogue
An analog or analogue signal is any continuously variable signal. It differs from a digital signal in that small fluctuations in the signal are meaningful within a given scale range from a small to large signal. Analog is usually thought of in an electrical context, however mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also use analog signals.
Binary
Having the base of 2 for number system with two digits 0 and 1. Basis of electronic signal signals used in computers. Creates two states for the binary signal on or off, 0 being off and 1 being on. There is no state in between the device is either on or off. Often referred to as Boolean Logic.
Microprocessor
A silicon based processing chip or logic chip designed as the heart of the computer, contains all the necessary information to run a computer speed measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz). These chips have areas for comparing numbers or doing calculations called registers.
Fuzzy Logic
The ability of a machine to answer questions that are not yes or no questions. Fuzzy logic use 0 and 1 as the extremes of yes and no but answers the degrees of maybe. Fuzzy logic works much closers to that of the human brain. It is subset of Boolean logic use to fill the concepts of a partial truth.
Neural System
In information technology, a neural network is a system of programs and data structures that approximates the operation of the human brain. A neural network usually involves a large number of processors operating in parallel, each with its own small sphere of knowledge and access to data in its local memory.
Sensors
Devices such as a photocell that respond to a signal or stimulus. A device that measures or detects a real-world condition, such as motion, heat or light and converts the condition into an analog or digital representation. These devices are use in manufacturing plants to tell how many items are in a package such as the example CD’s to fill a container for packaging or to the number of containers fill case for shipment.