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4G LANGUAGE


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Programming Language



A programming language is a machine-readable artificial language designed to express computations that can be performed by a machine, particularly a computer.

Programming languages can be used to create programs that specify the behavior of a machine,to express algorithms.

Many programming languages have their syntax and semantics.


Generations of Programming Language


1st Generation: (1950-60) machine language.

2nd Generation: (1961-75) assembly language.

3rd Generation: (1976-92) high-level programming languages, such as C, C++, and Java.
4th Generation: (1993-2005) typical high-level programming languages closer to human languages.

5th Generation: (2005-..) used for artificial intelligence and neural networks.


First-generation programming language


A first-generation programming language is a machine-level programming language.

No translator was used to compile or assemble the first-generation language.

The main benefit of first-generation programming language is that the code a user writes can run very fast and efficiently.

It is a lot more difficult to learn than higher generational programming languages, and it is far more difficult to edit if errors occur.


Second-generation programming language


Second-generation programming language is a generational way to categorize assembly languages.

Second-generation programming languages have the following properties:
• The code can be read and written by a programmer. To run on a computer it must be converted into a machine readable form, a process called assembly.

• The language is specific to a particular processor family and environment.





A fourth generation programming language (4GL) is any computer programming language that belongs to a class of languages ​​imagined as an advance in third generation programming languages ​​(3GL). Each generation of programming language aims to provide a greater level of abstraction of the internal details of computer hardware, making the language more programmer friendly, powerful and versatile. While the definition of 4GL has changed over time, it can be typified by operating more with large collections of information at a time rather than focusing only on bits and bytes. Languages ​​that are said to be 4GL may include support for database administration, reporting, mathematical optimization, GUI development, or web development. Some researchers claim that 4GLs are a subset of domain-specific languages.

The concept of 4GL evolved from the 1970s to the 1990s, superimposing most of the development of 3GL. While 3GLs such as C, C ++, C #, Java and JavaScript are still popular for a wide variety of uses, 4GLs as originally defined use more closely. Some advanced 3GLs like Python, Ruby and Perl combine some 4GL capabilities within a 3GL general-purpose environment. In addition, libraries with 4GL-like features have been developed as add-ons for the more popular 3GLs. This has blurred the distinction of 4GL and 3GL. In the 1980s and 1990s, efforts were made to develop fifth generation programming languages ​​(5GL).