14-07-2012, 04:57 PM
A New Paradigm for Binding a Sensing Task to the Physical World using Mobile Phones
ABSTRACT:
We propose Bubble-Sensing, a new sensor network
abstraction that allows mobile phones users to create a binding between tasks (e.g., take a photo, or sample audio every hour indefinitely) and the physical world at locations of interest, that remains active for a duration set by the user.
We envision mobile phones being able to affix task bubbles at places of interest and then receive sensed data as it becomes available in a delay-tolerant fashion, in essence, creating a living documentary of places of interest in the physical world. The system relies on other mobile phones that opportunistically pass through bubble-sensing locations to acquire tasks and do the sensing on behalf of the initiator, and deliver the data to the bubble sensing server for retrieval by the user that initiated the task.
We describe an implementation of the bubble-sensing system using sensor-enabled mobile phones, specifically, Nokia’s N80 and N95 (with GPS, accelerometers, microphone, camera). Task bubbles are maintained at locations through the interaction of “bubble carriers”, which carry the sensing task into the area of interest, and “bubble anchors”, which maintain the task bubble in the area when the bubble carrier is no longer present. In our implementation, bubble carriers and bubble anchors implement a number of simple mobile-phone based protocols that refresh the task bubble state as new mobile phones move through the area.
Phones communicate using the local ad hoc 802.11g radio to transfer task state and maintain the task in the region of interest. This task bubble state is ephemeral and times out when no bubble carriers or bubble anchors are in the area. Our design is resilient to periods when no mobiles pass through the bubble-area and is capable of “reloading” the task into the bubble region. In this paper, we describe the bubble-sensing system and a simple proof of concept experiment.
Implementation
We build a proof-of-concept mobile cell phone test bed to demonstrate the bubble sensing system. The test bed consists of Nokia N80 and N95 smart phones, both of which run Symbian OS S60 v3. Due to the security platform in Symbian some hardware access APIs are restricted at the OS level and are not open to developers, or require a high privilege certificate.
In light of the platform limitations on these two mobile phones, in this section, we discuss the options available and our implementation choices are
A. Programming Language
B. Communication
C. Sensors and Classifier
D. Localization
E. System Integration
Simulation
We perform a simulation of a larger and more complete
mobile sensing system to consider the impact of bubble sensing on system level operating characteristics. We assume a sensor network comprising the backend bubble server and a population of mobile sensors. The bubble server accepts sensing task registration both from phones and other entities,
CONCLUSION
We presented an approach to support persistent location specific task in a wireless sensor network composed of mobile phones. Mobile sensor nodes collaborate and share sensing and communication resources with each other in a cooperative sensing environment. We describe the virtual roles nodes can assume in support of bubble-sensing, including the required local and backend communication. We discussed the limitations, available options and our design decisions in the implementation of a mobile phone-based sensing system.
We demonstrated the feasibility of our scheme via both simulation and a real test bed experiment.
ABSTRACT:
We propose Bubble-Sensing, a new sensor network
abstraction that allows mobile phones users to create a binding between tasks (e.g., take a photo, or sample audio every hour indefinitely) and the physical world at locations of interest, that remains active for a duration set by the user.
We envision mobile phones being able to affix task bubbles at places of interest and then receive sensed data as it becomes available in a delay-tolerant fashion, in essence, creating a living documentary of places of interest in the physical world. The system relies on other mobile phones that opportunistically pass through bubble-sensing locations to acquire tasks and do the sensing on behalf of the initiator, and deliver the data to the bubble sensing server for retrieval by the user that initiated the task.
We describe an implementation of the bubble-sensing system using sensor-enabled mobile phones, specifically, Nokia’s N80 and N95 (with GPS, accelerometers, microphone, camera). Task bubbles are maintained at locations through the interaction of “bubble carriers”, which carry the sensing task into the area of interest, and “bubble anchors”, which maintain the task bubble in the area when the bubble carrier is no longer present. In our implementation, bubble carriers and bubble anchors implement a number of simple mobile-phone based protocols that refresh the task bubble state as new mobile phones move through the area.
Phones communicate using the local ad hoc 802.11g radio to transfer task state and maintain the task in the region of interest. This task bubble state is ephemeral and times out when no bubble carriers or bubble anchors are in the area. Our design is resilient to periods when no mobiles pass through the bubble-area and is capable of “reloading” the task into the bubble region. In this paper, we describe the bubble-sensing system and a simple proof of concept experiment.
Implementation
We build a proof-of-concept mobile cell phone test bed to demonstrate the bubble sensing system. The test bed consists of Nokia N80 and N95 smart phones, both of which run Symbian OS S60 v3. Due to the security platform in Symbian some hardware access APIs are restricted at the OS level and are not open to developers, or require a high privilege certificate.
In light of the platform limitations on these two mobile phones, in this section, we discuss the options available and our implementation choices are
A. Programming Language
B. Communication
C. Sensors and Classifier
D. Localization
E. System Integration
Simulation
We perform a simulation of a larger and more complete
mobile sensing system to consider the impact of bubble sensing on system level operating characteristics. We assume a sensor network comprising the backend bubble server and a population of mobile sensors. The bubble server accepts sensing task registration both from phones and other entities,
CONCLUSION
We presented an approach to support persistent location specific task in a wireless sensor network composed of mobile phones. Mobile sensor nodes collaborate and share sensing and communication resources with each other in a cooperative sensing environment. We describe the virtual roles nodes can assume in support of bubble-sensing, including the required local and backend communication. We discussed the limitations, available options and our design decisions in the implementation of a mobile phone-based sensing system.
We demonstrated the feasibility of our scheme via both simulation and a real test bed experiment.