27-07-2012, 04:00 PM
ROAD TRAFFIC CONTROL
[attachment=29309]
Introduction
Road traffic control involves directing vehicular and pedestrian traffic around a construction zone, accident or other road disruption, thus ensuring the safety of emergency response teams, construction workers and the general public.Traffic control also includes the use of CCTV and other means of monitoring traffic by local or State roadways authorities to manage traffic flows and providing advice concerning traffic congestion.
Traffic controllers (TC's) are often known as "lollipop men" (usually this name only applies to TC's working near schools to aid pupils in road crossing) from the appearance of their Stop/Slow signs, known as "Stop bats".
Traffic control is an outdoors occupation, night or day for long hours in all weathers, and is considered a dangerous occupation due to the high risk of being struck by passing vehicles. Safety equipment is vitally important. Fatigue is a big issue, as tired TC's may forget to watch their traffic, or may inadvertently turn their "Stop bats" to the "Slow" position. Many drivers are annoyed by the disruption to their route, and some are sufficiently antisocial as to aim at traffic controllers. Other drivers simply don't pay enough attention to the road, often from using their mobile (cell-) phones, or because they are tired from a night shift at work. Not a few are exceeding the posted speed limit.
Typically, a worksite will be set up with warning signage well in advance of the actual work area. This may involve "Roadwork’s Ahead", temporary speed restrictions, "Worker Symbolic" (a stylized workman with a pile of rubble, black silhouette on a retroflective orange background), "Reduce Speed", "Lane Status" boards (indicating that some lanes on a multilane will be closed), "Prepare to Stop" and advisory signs telling what's happening (e.g.: Water Over Road, Trucks Entering, and Power Line Works Ahead). If lanes have been closed, large flashing arrows (arrow-boards) on trailers may be utilized to give motorists hundreds of meters warning to move over. Motorists will be advised they are leaving a worksite by speed reinstatement or "End Roadwork’s" signs.
The worksite will usually involve reserving a part of the road for the work area. How this is done depends on the type of road: on a multi-lane road, one or more lanes will be closed off and traffic merged into the remaining lane(s), using cones and "Chevron" signs and arrow-boards to guide motorists. On a wide road (more than 3 meters per lane in Australia), traffic could be "diverted" around the work area by using cones to define a new road centerline and another line of cones around the work area. Sometimes, it is necessary to close a road and detour traffic.
TRAFFIC CONTROL MEASURES
Some general recommendations concerning traffic control are as follows:
• Where counties have sufficient personnel resources, officers should be stationed at critical intersections to facilitate traffic flow. Where intersections will continue to have signalized control, signal patterns providing the most “green time” for the westbound evacuation travel direction should be activated. This will be critical for east-west arterials such as Bay Street and SR204 in Chatham County and US341 and US82 in Glynn County.
• If possible, arrangements should be made with tow truck operators so that they are pre-positioned along key travel corridors and critical roadway facilities such as bridges.
• All draw/swing bridges needed for evacuation should be locked in the “down” position during a hurricane warning, if possible. Boat owners must be made aware of flotilla plans and time requirements for securing vessels.
• The state and counties should jointly work on a statewide evacuation and shelter monitoring/communications system which would monitor travel flow at key locations and report traffic tie ups/shelter availability to the general public as they evacuate.
• Traffic control at intersections of major highways in inland towns will be crucial for evacuations to be successful in Georgia.
• High level bridges will need to be monitored for early arrival of sustained tropical storm winds.
• When road workers build, maintain, repair, or conduct other work on public streets or highways, they must be protected from traffic or haulage hazards. A variety of traffic control measures such as signs, lights, and other devices, along with continuous patrol, detours, and barricades can be used as traffic control measures, depending on the type of road and the work being done.
• Cal/OSHA requires road workers to choose traffic control measures that meet the requirements of the California Vehicle Code, Section 21400, and comply with the "California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways,"
• When you start work near a road, evaluate the work site for hazards. Look for blind corners, how heavy the traffic is, and how fast it flows. Note the weather, temperature, and visibility and how they will affect the work that you are doing and how motorists will respond. Plan and draw out a diagram of your work site layout including the staging area, buffer area, transition area, and work area. Determine, based on the road type and the typical vehicle speeds, how many advanced warning signs you will need and how long the buffer area and tapers need to be.
• Use at least one warning sign before the road work area begins to inform motorists that they are approaching an area where workers may be in the road. You may need more signs depending on sight distance along the road. Use a tapered line of cones to establish and separate the work area and redirect traffic away from workers. Use clean, unbroken, and highly visible safety cones to outline traffic lanes. Inspect all signs, signals, and lights to make sure they are working properly.
• Notify law enforcement if you are going to be controlling traffic and request an enforcement zone if necessary. You can also notify and request the presence of the local Department of Transportation. Keep an emergency vehicle, lights, flares, air horns, and signs available on the work site in case there is an accident or other emergency. Inspect all of your tools, equipment, and signage to ensure that they function properly. Ensure that all mobile equipment has a backup warning device or use spotters with radios when moving equipment.
• Road workers should be visible to all other workers in the area and to the motorists passing by. Wear warning garments such as vests, jackets, shirts or pants in orange, strong yellow-green or fluorescent colors. In rainy weather, wear orange, strong yellow-green or yellow rainwear.
• During hours of darkness, your warning garments should be retro reflective, meaning that light shined on the clothing from a headlight or a work light will reflect back toward the driver or user to increase visibility. The retro reflective material should be visible from at least 1,000 feet. Your clothing should have at least one horizontal stripe of retro reflective material around the torso. White clothing with retro reflective material is also allowed.
• The above evaluations and/or recommendations are for general guidance only and should not be relied upon for legal compliance purposes. They are based solely on the information provided to us and relate only to those conditions specifically discussed. We do not make any warranty, expressed or implied, that your workplace is safe or healthful or that it complies with all laws, regulations or standards.
The transport department of each and every city around the world has been entrusted with the responsibility of providing a smooth public transportation system on roads, controlling pollution under permissible limits, keeping a record of registration of vehicles, insurance of vehicles, issuing permits and collection of taxes. These departments function by devising policies, implementing them and then monitor and regulate the functioning of the transport in the city.
Traffic rules of the roads are both the laws and the informal rules that may have been developed over time to facilitate the orderly and timely flow of traffic. With the replacement of ancient horse driven carts with cars and trucks, the speed of the traffic increased paving way for the need of smooth roads and yet smoother traffic. So, to curb the need of the smoother traffic, some rules were devised to assure that the traffic runs smooth. Almost all of the roadways traffic rules are built with devices meant to control traffic.
1. Don't use your mobile phone whilst driving
2. Belt up in the back
3. Don't drink and drive
4. Always adhere to speed limits
5. Steer clear of erratic drivers. Let a tailgater pass you.
6. Keep your eyes on the road. Talking on a cell phone or reading a map can distract you and lead to an accident. Keep in mind that a distracted driver might also be near you. Drive cautiously.
7. Be alert near parked cars. Someone could open a car door or pull out in front of you.
8. Don’t drive sleep-deprived. Sleep is not a matter of willpower, but a biological need. If you become drowsy, pull off the road and get some rest.
9. When passing another car, get past the driver’s blind spot as quickly and safely as possible.
10. Keep your distances.
Stop!!! You have reached your dream driving destination. Indian Driving Schools is your 24/7 junction to enhance the art and skill of efficient driving. Indian Driving Schools endeavors to maintain the basic etiquette while using this public space. With traffic congestion getting worse each year in the wake of constant growth in vehicle ownership, all kinds of people throng the roads and your daily slog could easily put your life at stake.
Indian Driving Schools understands the trauma of driving in Indian conditions, and is dedicated to provide you information on defensive driving, race car driving, traffic driving, aggressive driving, child safety driving etc, to cut short the day to day road hazards and to make driving in India a much better and safer experience. This site is designed as one stop information guide to Indian Driving Schools. Our panel of experts helps you deal with driving nuances and all the intricacies related to rules and regulations related to Driving safely on Indian roads.
It's a jungle out there! When it comes to driving on Indian roads, it is either easiest (if you are an expert or alert commuter/driver) or the toughest experience (if you are a learner or novice driver) you may encounter. We are masters at breaking traffic rules and driving vehicles as carelessly as we wish. Traffic rules are flouted on Indian roads equally faster than changing lanes. Every single driving experience on roads here is race against time and it is better to keep your fingers crossed if you are sitting next to the driver.
In today's world road and transport has become an integral part of every human being. Every body is a road user in one shape or the other. The present transport system has minimized the distances but it has on the other hand increased the life risk. Every year road crashes result in loss of lakhs of lives and serious injuries to crores of people.
In India itself about eighty thousand people are killed in road crashes every year which is thirteen percent of the total fatality all over the world. Man behind the wheel plays an important role in most of the crashes. In most of the cases crashes occurs either due to carelessness or due to lack of road safety awareness of the road user. Hence, road safety education is as essential as any other basic skills of survival.
It is an established fact that safe and efficient use of the traffic environment is a learned behavior. All road users are the products of some form of education or training, however informal or intermittent. The importance of a formal training in road safety has been underestimated in the past because of the mistaken belief that the lessons to be learned are simple and the tasks to be performed rudimentary.
The road safety tips explained in this section have been developed as a source for parents and children. These tips can help the children stay safe on the streets.
Children rely largely on imitation for learning so it very important that parents set the right example. Start road safety early.
Road safety education is important to children at every age. As the children grow, they start making more decisions for themselves and mistakenly believe they know everything. They need to know that road safety is a serious matter and the rules cannot be broken.
Children need special attention because
• They are curious, daring and spontaneous making them vulnerable to accidents.
• Most road accidents involving children happen close to their homes.
• The risk increases when children start high school.
• Cannot determine which direction sound is coming from.
• They do not know what to watch out and listen for.
• They want to enjoy independence.
• They are fast and unpredictable.
• They get distracted easily.
Parents/adults should
Protect and supervise children in all traffic situations. Use their knowledge and experience to forewarn in impending risky situation. Ensure children hold an adult's hand while walking, wear a seatbelt in the car or wear their bike helmet. Take every opportunity to explain road safety. Observe children behave safely not just talk about safety.
As adults, we are responsible for children's safety whether they are walking, cycling, playing or sitting in the car.
For children
• Always plan your journey
• Make sure you know where you are going
• Choose the safest route
• Leave yourself plenty of time
WHEN WALKING
• Walk only on the pavement or footpath.
• If there is no pavement, walk on the right hand side of the road so you can see the traffic coming towards you.
• Walk one behind the other at turns or if there is a heavy traffic.
• Be extra careful if you can't see the road far ahead.
• Be careful when crossing cycles, rickshaws and carts. They might be traveling slowly but they do not have efficient braking system and can cause serious injuries.
• If you are walking with a younger child, always hold his or her hand when using the road.
• Try to walk in the centre of the pavement. Someone might suddenly open the car doors.
• Do not behave in the street as you do in the playground.
• If a friend calls from the other side of the road, never hurry, check traffic first.
Do not challenge or encourage friends to do anything risky on the road.
[attachment=29309]
Introduction
Road traffic control involves directing vehicular and pedestrian traffic around a construction zone, accident or other road disruption, thus ensuring the safety of emergency response teams, construction workers and the general public.Traffic control also includes the use of CCTV and other means of monitoring traffic by local or State roadways authorities to manage traffic flows and providing advice concerning traffic congestion.
Traffic controllers (TC's) are often known as "lollipop men" (usually this name only applies to TC's working near schools to aid pupils in road crossing) from the appearance of their Stop/Slow signs, known as "Stop bats".
Traffic control is an outdoors occupation, night or day for long hours in all weathers, and is considered a dangerous occupation due to the high risk of being struck by passing vehicles. Safety equipment is vitally important. Fatigue is a big issue, as tired TC's may forget to watch their traffic, or may inadvertently turn their "Stop bats" to the "Slow" position. Many drivers are annoyed by the disruption to their route, and some are sufficiently antisocial as to aim at traffic controllers. Other drivers simply don't pay enough attention to the road, often from using their mobile (cell-) phones, or because they are tired from a night shift at work. Not a few are exceeding the posted speed limit.
Typically, a worksite will be set up with warning signage well in advance of the actual work area. This may involve "Roadwork’s Ahead", temporary speed restrictions, "Worker Symbolic" (a stylized workman with a pile of rubble, black silhouette on a retroflective orange background), "Reduce Speed", "Lane Status" boards (indicating that some lanes on a multilane will be closed), "Prepare to Stop" and advisory signs telling what's happening (e.g.: Water Over Road, Trucks Entering, and Power Line Works Ahead). If lanes have been closed, large flashing arrows (arrow-boards) on trailers may be utilized to give motorists hundreds of meters warning to move over. Motorists will be advised they are leaving a worksite by speed reinstatement or "End Roadwork’s" signs.
The worksite will usually involve reserving a part of the road for the work area. How this is done depends on the type of road: on a multi-lane road, one or more lanes will be closed off and traffic merged into the remaining lane(s), using cones and "Chevron" signs and arrow-boards to guide motorists. On a wide road (more than 3 meters per lane in Australia), traffic could be "diverted" around the work area by using cones to define a new road centerline and another line of cones around the work area. Sometimes, it is necessary to close a road and detour traffic.
TRAFFIC CONTROL MEASURES
Some general recommendations concerning traffic control are as follows:
• Where counties have sufficient personnel resources, officers should be stationed at critical intersections to facilitate traffic flow. Where intersections will continue to have signalized control, signal patterns providing the most “green time” for the westbound evacuation travel direction should be activated. This will be critical for east-west arterials such as Bay Street and SR204 in Chatham County and US341 and US82 in Glynn County.
• If possible, arrangements should be made with tow truck operators so that they are pre-positioned along key travel corridors and critical roadway facilities such as bridges.
• All draw/swing bridges needed for evacuation should be locked in the “down” position during a hurricane warning, if possible. Boat owners must be made aware of flotilla plans and time requirements for securing vessels.
• The state and counties should jointly work on a statewide evacuation and shelter monitoring/communications system which would monitor travel flow at key locations and report traffic tie ups/shelter availability to the general public as they evacuate.
• Traffic control at intersections of major highways in inland towns will be crucial for evacuations to be successful in Georgia.
• High level bridges will need to be monitored for early arrival of sustained tropical storm winds.
• When road workers build, maintain, repair, or conduct other work on public streets or highways, they must be protected from traffic or haulage hazards. A variety of traffic control measures such as signs, lights, and other devices, along with continuous patrol, detours, and barricades can be used as traffic control measures, depending on the type of road and the work being done.
• Cal/OSHA requires road workers to choose traffic control measures that meet the requirements of the California Vehicle Code, Section 21400, and comply with the "California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways,"
• When you start work near a road, evaluate the work site for hazards. Look for blind corners, how heavy the traffic is, and how fast it flows. Note the weather, temperature, and visibility and how they will affect the work that you are doing and how motorists will respond. Plan and draw out a diagram of your work site layout including the staging area, buffer area, transition area, and work area. Determine, based on the road type and the typical vehicle speeds, how many advanced warning signs you will need and how long the buffer area and tapers need to be.
• Use at least one warning sign before the road work area begins to inform motorists that they are approaching an area where workers may be in the road. You may need more signs depending on sight distance along the road. Use a tapered line of cones to establish and separate the work area and redirect traffic away from workers. Use clean, unbroken, and highly visible safety cones to outline traffic lanes. Inspect all signs, signals, and lights to make sure they are working properly.
• Notify law enforcement if you are going to be controlling traffic and request an enforcement zone if necessary. You can also notify and request the presence of the local Department of Transportation. Keep an emergency vehicle, lights, flares, air horns, and signs available on the work site in case there is an accident or other emergency. Inspect all of your tools, equipment, and signage to ensure that they function properly. Ensure that all mobile equipment has a backup warning device or use spotters with radios when moving equipment.
• Road workers should be visible to all other workers in the area and to the motorists passing by. Wear warning garments such as vests, jackets, shirts or pants in orange, strong yellow-green or fluorescent colors. In rainy weather, wear orange, strong yellow-green or yellow rainwear.
• During hours of darkness, your warning garments should be retro reflective, meaning that light shined on the clothing from a headlight or a work light will reflect back toward the driver or user to increase visibility. The retro reflective material should be visible from at least 1,000 feet. Your clothing should have at least one horizontal stripe of retro reflective material around the torso. White clothing with retro reflective material is also allowed.
• The above evaluations and/or recommendations are for general guidance only and should not be relied upon for legal compliance purposes. They are based solely on the information provided to us and relate only to those conditions specifically discussed. We do not make any warranty, expressed or implied, that your workplace is safe or healthful or that it complies with all laws, regulations or standards.
The transport department of each and every city around the world has been entrusted with the responsibility of providing a smooth public transportation system on roads, controlling pollution under permissible limits, keeping a record of registration of vehicles, insurance of vehicles, issuing permits and collection of taxes. These departments function by devising policies, implementing them and then monitor and regulate the functioning of the transport in the city.
Traffic rules of the roads are both the laws and the informal rules that may have been developed over time to facilitate the orderly and timely flow of traffic. With the replacement of ancient horse driven carts with cars and trucks, the speed of the traffic increased paving way for the need of smooth roads and yet smoother traffic. So, to curb the need of the smoother traffic, some rules were devised to assure that the traffic runs smooth. Almost all of the roadways traffic rules are built with devices meant to control traffic.
1. Don't use your mobile phone whilst driving
2. Belt up in the back
3. Don't drink and drive
4. Always adhere to speed limits
5. Steer clear of erratic drivers. Let a tailgater pass you.
6. Keep your eyes on the road. Talking on a cell phone or reading a map can distract you and lead to an accident. Keep in mind that a distracted driver might also be near you. Drive cautiously.
7. Be alert near parked cars. Someone could open a car door or pull out in front of you.
8. Don’t drive sleep-deprived. Sleep is not a matter of willpower, but a biological need. If you become drowsy, pull off the road and get some rest.
9. When passing another car, get past the driver’s blind spot as quickly and safely as possible.
10. Keep your distances.
Stop!!! You have reached your dream driving destination. Indian Driving Schools is your 24/7 junction to enhance the art and skill of efficient driving. Indian Driving Schools endeavors to maintain the basic etiquette while using this public space. With traffic congestion getting worse each year in the wake of constant growth in vehicle ownership, all kinds of people throng the roads and your daily slog could easily put your life at stake.
Indian Driving Schools understands the trauma of driving in Indian conditions, and is dedicated to provide you information on defensive driving, race car driving, traffic driving, aggressive driving, child safety driving etc, to cut short the day to day road hazards and to make driving in India a much better and safer experience. This site is designed as one stop information guide to Indian Driving Schools. Our panel of experts helps you deal with driving nuances and all the intricacies related to rules and regulations related to Driving safely on Indian roads.
It's a jungle out there! When it comes to driving on Indian roads, it is either easiest (if you are an expert or alert commuter/driver) or the toughest experience (if you are a learner or novice driver) you may encounter. We are masters at breaking traffic rules and driving vehicles as carelessly as we wish. Traffic rules are flouted on Indian roads equally faster than changing lanes. Every single driving experience on roads here is race against time and it is better to keep your fingers crossed if you are sitting next to the driver.
In today's world road and transport has become an integral part of every human being. Every body is a road user in one shape or the other. The present transport system has minimized the distances but it has on the other hand increased the life risk. Every year road crashes result in loss of lakhs of lives and serious injuries to crores of people.
In India itself about eighty thousand people are killed in road crashes every year which is thirteen percent of the total fatality all over the world. Man behind the wheel plays an important role in most of the crashes. In most of the cases crashes occurs either due to carelessness or due to lack of road safety awareness of the road user. Hence, road safety education is as essential as any other basic skills of survival.
It is an established fact that safe and efficient use of the traffic environment is a learned behavior. All road users are the products of some form of education or training, however informal or intermittent. The importance of a formal training in road safety has been underestimated in the past because of the mistaken belief that the lessons to be learned are simple and the tasks to be performed rudimentary.
The road safety tips explained in this section have been developed as a source for parents and children. These tips can help the children stay safe on the streets.
Children rely largely on imitation for learning so it very important that parents set the right example. Start road safety early.
Road safety education is important to children at every age. As the children grow, they start making more decisions for themselves and mistakenly believe they know everything. They need to know that road safety is a serious matter and the rules cannot be broken.
Children need special attention because
• They are curious, daring and spontaneous making them vulnerable to accidents.
• Most road accidents involving children happen close to their homes.
• The risk increases when children start high school.
• Cannot determine which direction sound is coming from.
• They do not know what to watch out and listen for.
• They want to enjoy independence.
• They are fast and unpredictable.
• They get distracted easily.
Parents/adults should
Protect and supervise children in all traffic situations. Use their knowledge and experience to forewarn in impending risky situation. Ensure children hold an adult's hand while walking, wear a seatbelt in the car or wear their bike helmet. Take every opportunity to explain road safety. Observe children behave safely not just talk about safety.
As adults, we are responsible for children's safety whether they are walking, cycling, playing or sitting in the car.
For children
• Always plan your journey
• Make sure you know where you are going
• Choose the safest route
• Leave yourself plenty of time
WHEN WALKING
• Walk only on the pavement or footpath.
• If there is no pavement, walk on the right hand side of the road so you can see the traffic coming towards you.
• Walk one behind the other at turns or if there is a heavy traffic.
• Be extra careful if you can't see the road far ahead.
• Be careful when crossing cycles, rickshaws and carts. They might be traveling slowly but they do not have efficient braking system and can cause serious injuries.
• If you are walking with a younger child, always hold his or her hand when using the road.
• Try to walk in the centre of the pavement. Someone might suddenly open the car doors.
• Do not behave in the street as you do in the playground.
• If a friend calls from the other side of the road, never hurry, check traffic first.
Do not challenge or encourage friends to do anything risky on the road.