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SMART DUST TECHNOLOGY

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What is Smart Dust?

A tiny dust size device with extra-ordinary capabilities.
Often called micro electro-mechanical sensors
Combines sensing, computing, wireless communication capabilities
autonomous power supply within volume of only few millimeters.

Architecture

A single Smart Dust mote has:
a semiconductor laser diode and MEMS beam steering mirror for active optical transmission
a MEMS corner cube retro-reflector for passive optical transmission
an optical receiver
a signal processing and control circuitry
a power source based on thick-film batteries and solar cells.

CCR cont…

The micro-fabricated CCR includes an electrostatic actuator that can deflect one of the mirrors at kilohertz rates.
Thus the external light source can be transmitted back in the form of modulated signal at kilobits per second.

APPLICATIONS

Stealthy monitoring of hostile environments
Perimeter surveillance/ Locality Monitoring
Chemical or biological monitoring
Identification of friend or foe
CIVILIAN
Meteorological and geophysical monitoring
Monitor air conditions and room temperature.
Habitat monitoring (monitoring the behavior of animals in their natural habitat).
Factory and Process Automation.

SMART DUST

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WHAT IS THE DUST

A dust mote is an autonomous node incorporating
sensing,computations , communication and a power source in
a cubic millimeter.
SMART DUST MEMS sensors, a MseOmTEic ConOdNuScItSoTrS l aOsFe:r diode and MEMS beamsteering
mirror for active optical transmission, a MEMS corner-cube
retroreflector
for passive optical transmission, an optical receiver,
signalprocessing
and control circuitry, and a power source based on
thick-film batteries and solar cells.

PROS:

Only baseband electronics are required.
Utilizes space-division multiplexing both in active and passive mode.
Dust motes need not radiate power, nor steer beam in passive mode.
Longer range up to about 10 km and higher bit rates up to about
Mbps can be.
achieved in active mode

CONS:

Requires line-of-sight path to base station, short range up to
about 1 km
and bit rate limited to about 10 kbps in passive mode of
transmission .
Affected by rain, fog, atmospheric turbulence
Requires higher power when used in active mode of
transmission.

APPLICATION

Collecting data for meteorological, geo physical or planetary
research.
Motion Sensing
Environmental Sensing(Weather Monitoring ) such as forest fires and
earthquakes
using, Pressure,Temperature,Light,Humidity sensors.
Everything of any value that we own will have it's own set of sensors,
letting we know when your tire pressure is low, the bridge ahead is
out (or unsafe), monitoring humidity and temperature to assess the
freshness of foods stored in the refrigerator or cupboard.
Military uses
tracking enemy troop movements
track poisonous chemical warfare agents in
the air

CONCLUSION

The significant reduction in size will enable sensors to be deeply
embedded in the physical world products or materials and spread
throughout our environment like smart grains of sand.
Free-space optical communication offers advantages in terms of
size, power and networking.
In the future NanoTechnology (the capability of building things
one molecule at a time) will create miniature sensors which wil
further reduce the size of the dust motes.
Wireless sensor networks is one area that promises to yield
important applications and demands new approaches to traditional
networking problems.

Seminar Topics & Project Ideas On Computer Science Electronics Electrical Mechanical Engineering Civil MBA Medicine Nursing Science Physics Mathematics Chemistry ppt pdf doc presentation downloads and Abstract

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