08-08-2012, 12:26 PM
Secure Data Transmission Using Video Steganography
[attachment=30536]
Abstract
It is very essential to transmit
important data like banking and military information in a
secure manner. Video Steganography is the process of
hiding some secret information inside a video. The
addition of this information to the video is not recognizable
by the human eye as the change of a pixel color is
negligible. This paper aims to provide an efficient and a
secure method for video Steganography. The proposed
method creates an index for the secret information and the
index is placed in a frame of the video itself. With the help
of this index, the frames containing the secret information
are located. Hence, during the extraction process, instead
of analyzing the entire video, the frames containing the
secret data are analyzed with the help of index at the
receiving end. When steganographed by this method, the
probability of finding the hidden information by an
attacker is lesser when compared to the normal method of
hiding information frame-by-frame in a sequential
manner. It also reduces the computational time taken for
the extraction process.
INTRODUCTION
Data hiding techniques have been used widely for the
transmission of data over a long time. They are classified into
two types: Watermarking and Steganography. Steganography
comes from the Greek word “steganos” and “graptos”
meaning covering and writing respectively [1]. It is the art of
embedding a message that is to be hidden in a medium,
usually a picture, an audio file, or a video file, in such a way
that no one apart from the sender and the intended recipient
even realizes that there is a hidden message.
Fig.1 describes the basic Steganography and De –
Steganography process. The newest form of Steganography
has become the target of researchers to find new ways to
embed hidden messages of larger sizes. Steganography on
video files answer these needs for larger spaces in hiding data.
Larger space for embedding and having small unnoticeable
distortions make video Steganography a reliable method in
hiding data.
RELATED WORKS
The techniques involved in Steganography have been
divided into five categories [2] [3]. The first category is the
Spatial Domain-based Steganography. It consists of the Least-
Significant Bit (LSB) Replacement and Matching and the
BPCS methods. The second is the Transform Domain-based
Steganography where programs such as JSteg, F3, F4, and F5
algorithms are used. The third category is Document-based
Steganography. Data are embedded in document files by
adding tabs or spaces to .txt and.doc files. File Structure-based
Steganography is the fourth category where this time,
structural embedding is used to insert secret data in the
redundant bits of the file such as the reserved bits in the file
header or the marker segments in the file format. The last
category of Steganography includes the few methods that are
based on video compression encoding and spread spectrum
technique [4].
OVERVIEW
The process of retrieving the secret data from the
steganographed video involves searching the entire video for
the secret data, which increases the computational time and
this adds an overhead to the extraction process. This paper
provides a solution to the problem by creating an index for the
secret data which is stored in the video. Just like the index of a
book, the index for the secret data helps to find the position of
the secret data in the video without analyzing the entire video.
The index for the secret data is determined by a set a
mathematical functions which may depend on the
characteristics of the video.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
The method we propose here effectively hides the secret
data into a video using the existing Steganographic techniques.
A video file is usually composed of several frames [6]. This
method uses some frames (or images) of the video to hide the
secret message. The secret data is not hidden in sequential
frames. Rather, they are placed in random frames. Hence each
frame that contains the secret data can be identified using the
index. The Index Frame, which is placed in some frame of the
video, provides the information about the frames that contain
the secret data. The remaining frames in the video which do
not contain secret data are also steganographed with some
random data. This provides additional security to the secret
data.
RESULT AND OBSERVATION
Due to difficulty of showing the result as a video stream on
paper, we thought of displaying the result on the frame of the
digital video file along with its histogram. Fig. 4 shows the
frame before applying the algorithm, while Fig. 5 shows the
same frame after applying the algorithm.
We observe that there is so significant difference (both
images resemble the same to human eye) between the two
frames. This shows that the algorithm can be applied
successfully on video frames. The next step was to verify the
algorithm through histogram, to see the divergences on the
frames before and after hiding data in it.
CONCLUSION
Thus, this paper provides a feasible solution for Video
Steganography. The method proposed here considers video as
set of frames or images and any changes in the output image
by hidden data is not visually recognizable. It also makes use
of simple mathematical calculations which bring down the
computational time very less making it a very simple and
effective method for video Steganography. Apart from its
simplicity in implementing, it also provides security for the
secret data in the transmission.
[attachment=30536]
Abstract
It is very essential to transmit
important data like banking and military information in a
secure manner. Video Steganography is the process of
hiding some secret information inside a video. The
addition of this information to the video is not recognizable
by the human eye as the change of a pixel color is
negligible. This paper aims to provide an efficient and a
secure method for video Steganography. The proposed
method creates an index for the secret information and the
index is placed in a frame of the video itself. With the help
of this index, the frames containing the secret information
are located. Hence, during the extraction process, instead
of analyzing the entire video, the frames containing the
secret data are analyzed with the help of index at the
receiving end. When steganographed by this method, the
probability of finding the hidden information by an
attacker is lesser when compared to the normal method of
hiding information frame-by-frame in a sequential
manner. It also reduces the computational time taken for
the extraction process.
INTRODUCTION
Data hiding techniques have been used widely for the
transmission of data over a long time. They are classified into
two types: Watermarking and Steganography. Steganography
comes from the Greek word “steganos” and “graptos”
meaning covering and writing respectively [1]. It is the art of
embedding a message that is to be hidden in a medium,
usually a picture, an audio file, or a video file, in such a way
that no one apart from the sender and the intended recipient
even realizes that there is a hidden message.
Fig.1 describes the basic Steganography and De –
Steganography process. The newest form of Steganography
has become the target of researchers to find new ways to
embed hidden messages of larger sizes. Steganography on
video files answer these needs for larger spaces in hiding data.
Larger space for embedding and having small unnoticeable
distortions make video Steganography a reliable method in
hiding data.
RELATED WORKS
The techniques involved in Steganography have been
divided into five categories [2] [3]. The first category is the
Spatial Domain-based Steganography. It consists of the Least-
Significant Bit (LSB) Replacement and Matching and the
BPCS methods. The second is the Transform Domain-based
Steganography where programs such as JSteg, F3, F4, and F5
algorithms are used. The third category is Document-based
Steganography. Data are embedded in document files by
adding tabs or spaces to .txt and.doc files. File Structure-based
Steganography is the fourth category where this time,
structural embedding is used to insert secret data in the
redundant bits of the file such as the reserved bits in the file
header or the marker segments in the file format. The last
category of Steganography includes the few methods that are
based on video compression encoding and spread spectrum
technique [4].
OVERVIEW
The process of retrieving the secret data from the
steganographed video involves searching the entire video for
the secret data, which increases the computational time and
this adds an overhead to the extraction process. This paper
provides a solution to the problem by creating an index for the
secret data which is stored in the video. Just like the index of a
book, the index for the secret data helps to find the position of
the secret data in the video without analyzing the entire video.
The index for the secret data is determined by a set a
mathematical functions which may depend on the
characteristics of the video.
PROPOSED SYSTEM
The method we propose here effectively hides the secret
data into a video using the existing Steganographic techniques.
A video file is usually composed of several frames [6]. This
method uses some frames (or images) of the video to hide the
secret message. The secret data is not hidden in sequential
frames. Rather, they are placed in random frames. Hence each
frame that contains the secret data can be identified using the
index. The Index Frame, which is placed in some frame of the
video, provides the information about the frames that contain
the secret data. The remaining frames in the video which do
not contain secret data are also steganographed with some
random data. This provides additional security to the secret
data.
RESULT AND OBSERVATION
Due to difficulty of showing the result as a video stream on
paper, we thought of displaying the result on the frame of the
digital video file along with its histogram. Fig. 4 shows the
frame before applying the algorithm, while Fig. 5 shows the
same frame after applying the algorithm.
We observe that there is so significant difference (both
images resemble the same to human eye) between the two
frames. This shows that the algorithm can be applied
successfully on video frames. The next step was to verify the
algorithm through histogram, to see the divergences on the
frames before and after hiding data in it.
CONCLUSION
Thus, this paper provides a feasible solution for Video
Steganography. The method proposed here considers video as
set of frames or images and any changes in the output image
by hidden data is not visually recognizable. It also makes use
of simple mathematical calculations which bring down the
computational time very less making it a very simple and
effective method for video Steganography. Apart from its
simplicity in implementing, it also provides security for the
secret data in the transmission.