12-09-2012, 04:12 PM
Identification of Gallstones using Spectroscopic technique
[attachment=33633]
Abstract
Gallstone formation is the primary underlying disease that results in gall bladder illness. Gallstone formation in
the gall bladder is a common disease and constitutes a major health problem world wide. There are two major types of
gallstones - cholesterol stones and pigment stones. Knowing the composition of gallstones, crystallized samples are prepared
and the results are compared. . The aim of the study is to assess the constituents and their composition of gallstones using
infrared spectroscopy.
Introduction
Gallstones are clumps of solid material that are
formed in the bile stored in the gall bladder. The main
function of the gall bladder is to concentrate bile by the
absorption of water and sodium. Cholesterol stones are
composed primarily of cholesterol. Pigment stones are
composed of bilirubin and other substances such as
calcium, which are found in the bile. The occurrence of
gallstone disease is 2-3 times more common in women
than in men1. The disease is especially common in certain
sections of India and China, areas of high incidence are
found in southern United States and western coast of
South America. The causes for this striking variation in
geographic incidence is obscure, through differences in
diet and climate are frequently mentioned as possible
factors2.
Materials and methods
The domains of biochemical science may be
broadly viewed to encompass a number of specialties,
which differ greatly in the types of problems that are
encountered and the means employed towards their
solution. Human gallstones were collected from adult
patients and were preserved under sterile conditions. The
stones were cleaned carefully to remove all foreign
materials and ground to a fine powder by an agate mortar.
The main compositions of the gallstones were found to be
cholesterol, bilirubin, calcium carbonate and calcium
oxalate6. By knowing the composition of gall bladder
stones obtained from the patients, stones were
crystallized in the chemical laboratory and used for FTIR
spectral studies. FTIR spectra were taken using the
powder of the gallstones obtained from patients and
crystallized samples. The infrared spectra of the samples
were recorded at CLRI, Chennai, India using Perkin-
Elmer Spectrum-one FTIR spectrometer under identical
conditions.
Conclusion
FTIR spectral studies on gallstones characterize
the composition present in different types of gallstones.
The major challenge is medical prevention of gallstone
formation in susceptible individuals, although
cholecystectomy reminds the cornerstone of treatment.
Hence studying the gallstone disease will certainly
contribute to understand its pathogenesis and hence
prevention
[attachment=33633]
Abstract
Gallstone formation is the primary underlying disease that results in gall bladder illness. Gallstone formation in
the gall bladder is a common disease and constitutes a major health problem world wide. There are two major types of
gallstones - cholesterol stones and pigment stones. Knowing the composition of gallstones, crystallized samples are prepared
and the results are compared. . The aim of the study is to assess the constituents and their composition of gallstones using
infrared spectroscopy.
Introduction
Gallstones are clumps of solid material that are
formed in the bile stored in the gall bladder. The main
function of the gall bladder is to concentrate bile by the
absorption of water and sodium. Cholesterol stones are
composed primarily of cholesterol. Pigment stones are
composed of bilirubin and other substances such as
calcium, which are found in the bile. The occurrence of
gallstone disease is 2-3 times more common in women
than in men1. The disease is especially common in certain
sections of India and China, areas of high incidence are
found in southern United States and western coast of
South America. The causes for this striking variation in
geographic incidence is obscure, through differences in
diet and climate are frequently mentioned as possible
factors2.
Materials and methods
The domains of biochemical science may be
broadly viewed to encompass a number of specialties,
which differ greatly in the types of problems that are
encountered and the means employed towards their
solution. Human gallstones were collected from adult
patients and were preserved under sterile conditions. The
stones were cleaned carefully to remove all foreign
materials and ground to a fine powder by an agate mortar.
The main compositions of the gallstones were found to be
cholesterol, bilirubin, calcium carbonate and calcium
oxalate6. By knowing the composition of gall bladder
stones obtained from the patients, stones were
crystallized in the chemical laboratory and used for FTIR
spectral studies. FTIR spectra were taken using the
powder of the gallstones obtained from patients and
crystallized samples. The infrared spectra of the samples
were recorded at CLRI, Chennai, India using Perkin-
Elmer Spectrum-one FTIR spectrometer under identical
conditions.
Conclusion
FTIR spectral studies on gallstones characterize
the composition present in different types of gallstones.
The major challenge is medical prevention of gallstone
formation in susceptible individuals, although
cholecystectomy reminds the cornerstone of treatment.
Hence studying the gallstone disease will certainly
contribute to understand its pathogenesis and hence
prevention