30-11-2012, 12:50 PM
Home automation
[attachment=41827]
ABSTRACT
Home automation (also called domotics) may designate an emerging practice of increased automation of household appliances and features in residential dwellings, particularly through electronic means that allow for things impracticable, overly expensive or simply not possible in recent past decades. The term may be used in contrast to the more mainstream "building automation," which refers to industrial settings and the automatic or semi-automatic control of lighting, climate doors and windows, and security and surveillance systems. The techniques employed in home automation include those in building automation as well as the control of home entertainment systems, houseplant watering, pet feeding, "scenes" for different events (such as dinners or parties), and the use of domestic robots.
Typically, it is easier to more fully outfit a house during construction due to the accessibility of the walls, outlets, and storage rooms, and the ability to make design changes specifically to accommodate certain technologies. Wireless systems are commonly installed when outfitting a pre-existing house, as they obviate the need to make major structural changes. These communicate via radio or infrared signals with a central controller.
Home wiring history
Traditionally, homes have been wired for four systems; power, telephones, cable TV outlets, and a doorbell. Typically, components and wiring for these are kept within a closet or a patch panel.
Home automation has been around since World War I. A television remote was first patented in 1950, and a remote control device was first used by the Germans in World War I to control motorboats.From there, the evolution of controllers and automation has been growing and still continue to grow to this day.
In advanced installations, rooms can sense not only the presence of a person but know who that person is and perhaps set appropriate lighting, temperature, music or television levels taking into account the day of the week, the time of day, and other factors.
Other automated tasks may include setting the air conditioning to an energy saving setting when the house is unoccupied, and restoring the normal setting when an occupant is about to return. More sophisticated systems can maintain an inventory of products, recording their usage through an RFID tag, and prepare a shopping list or even automatically order replacements.
Some practical implementations of home automation are for example when an alarm detects a fire or smoke condition, then all lights in the house will blink to alert occupants. If the house is equipped with a home theater, a home automation system can shut down all audio and video components to alert the user to a possible fire or a burglar.
Standards and bridges
Specific domestic wiring and communication standards include BACnet, INSTEON, X10, PLC BUS, KNX (standard), System Box, LonWorks, C-Bus, SCS BUS with OpenWebNet, Universal powerline bus (UPB), UPnP, ZigBee and Z-Wave that will allow for control of most applications. Some standards use communication and control wiring, some embed signals in the powerline, some use radio frequency (RF) signals, and some use a combination of several methods. Control wiring is hardest to retrofit into an existing house. Some appliances include USB that is used to control it and connect it to a domotics network. Bridges translate information from one standard to another (eg. from X10 to European Installation Bus).
[attachment=41827]
ABSTRACT
Home automation (also called domotics) may designate an emerging practice of increased automation of household appliances and features in residential dwellings, particularly through electronic means that allow for things impracticable, overly expensive or simply not possible in recent past decades. The term may be used in contrast to the more mainstream "building automation," which refers to industrial settings and the automatic or semi-automatic control of lighting, climate doors and windows, and security and surveillance systems. The techniques employed in home automation include those in building automation as well as the control of home entertainment systems, houseplant watering, pet feeding, "scenes" for different events (such as dinners or parties), and the use of domestic robots.
Typically, it is easier to more fully outfit a house during construction due to the accessibility of the walls, outlets, and storage rooms, and the ability to make design changes specifically to accommodate certain technologies. Wireless systems are commonly installed when outfitting a pre-existing house, as they obviate the need to make major structural changes. These communicate via radio or infrared signals with a central controller.
Home wiring history
Traditionally, homes have been wired for four systems; power, telephones, cable TV outlets, and a doorbell. Typically, components and wiring for these are kept within a closet or a patch panel.
Home automation has been around since World War I. A television remote was first patented in 1950, and a remote control device was first used by the Germans in World War I to control motorboats.From there, the evolution of controllers and automation has been growing and still continue to grow to this day.
In advanced installations, rooms can sense not only the presence of a person but know who that person is and perhaps set appropriate lighting, temperature, music or television levels taking into account the day of the week, the time of day, and other factors.
Other automated tasks may include setting the air conditioning to an energy saving setting when the house is unoccupied, and restoring the normal setting when an occupant is about to return. More sophisticated systems can maintain an inventory of products, recording their usage through an RFID tag, and prepare a shopping list or even automatically order replacements.
Some practical implementations of home automation are for example when an alarm detects a fire or smoke condition, then all lights in the house will blink to alert occupants. If the house is equipped with a home theater, a home automation system can shut down all audio and video components to alert the user to a possible fire or a burglar.
Standards and bridges
Specific domestic wiring and communication standards include BACnet, INSTEON, X10, PLC BUS, KNX (standard), System Box, LonWorks, C-Bus, SCS BUS with OpenWebNet, Universal powerline bus (UPB), UPnP, ZigBee and Z-Wave that will allow for control of most applications. Some standards use communication and control wiring, some embed signals in the powerline, some use radio frequency (RF) signals, and some use a combination of several methods. Control wiring is hardest to retrofit into an existing house. Some appliances include USB that is used to control it and connect it to a domotics network. Bridges translate information from one standard to another (eg. from X10 to European Installation Bus).