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2G SCAM

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WHAT IS 2G

2G means second-generation wireless telephone technology.
Second generation 2G cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland in 1991.
2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages.

WHAT IS 2G SCAM

2G licenses issued to private telecom players at throwaway prices in 2008
Spectrum scam has cost loss to the government Rs. 1.76 Lakh crore
Rules and procedures flouted while issuing licenses.

WHO CAUSED IT?

The then telecom minister Andimuthu Raja caused the 2G scam
A Raja caused the loss of $40 billion to the Government by selling the Licenses of network to the private players without following any rules and regulations.

ALLEGATIONS

CHEAP TELECOM LICENCES

Rules changed after the game had begun
Cut-off date for applications advanced by a week
Licenses issued on a first-come-first-served basis
No proper auction process followed, no bids invited
Raja ignored advice of TRAI(Telecom Regulatory Authority Of India) , Law Ministry, Finance Ministry
TRAI had recommended auctioning of spectrum at market rates

FAVOURITISM, CORPORATES ENCASH PREMIUM

Unitech, Swan Telecom got licenses without any prior telecom experience
Swan Telecom given license even though it did not meet eligibility criteria
Swan got license forRs.1 537 crore, sold 45% stake to Etisalat for Rs.4 200 crore
UnitechWireless got license for Rs.1661 crore, sold 60% stake for Rs.6 200 crore
All nine companies paid Dot only Rs.10,772 crore for 2G licences

REPORTS

Telecom secretary Dinesh Kumar Mathur has told the CBI that despite being the top most officer in the DoT he was completely unaware of two controversial letters Raja wrote to Manmohan Singh endorsing his 2G allocation policy.
2G SCAM

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Parties accused of involvement

Politicians
Bureaucrats who had the authority to sell licenses, corporations who were buying the licenses
Media professionals who mediated between the politicians and the corporations
Corporates

Facts & Figures

Price was allotted into 2008 was accounted in 2001
Break the rule of Prime Minister Office and eligibility criteria for a Company
No Proper allocation
Prepond of deadlines
No Regulations for Companies to sell stake to other companies
Ex: 1.Unitech Group bought 1,661 crores and sold 60% stake 6,200 to Telenor Norway Co.
2. Swan bought 1,537 crores and sold 45% stake 4,200 crores to Etisalat UAE Co.
3. Tata Teleservices sold 26% stake to NTT Docomo for 50,269 crores but actual Value was 13,070

Ethical Issues

Profit was the main driving force – no intention to serve consumers
Collective responsibility not conserved
Too much power in hands of very few
Spirit of fair competition not observed
Middle men used for access to those in power
Pure pursuit of profit from companies – Uninor & Swan
Personal greed puts business ethics at stake: Wrong use of power leads to a great turmoil

Measures for Improvement

Democracy by governance than by coalition
Precedence to fairness rather than precedent
More accountability of govt. departments to regulators
Regulatory bodies equipped with more resources
Separation of Duties and Conflict of Interest to be noted in public appointments
Internal control measures from the media industry to preserve credibilitity