27-12-2012, 06:09 PM
SEPARATION TECHNIQUES
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Evaporation
The process of evaporation involves the vaporization of a liquid.
Evaporation is considered to be part of a phase transition.
It should also be noted that evaporation is not necessarily always visible.
Understanding the process of evaporation has been helping countless industries and municipalities counter evaporation of limited water supplies.
Filtration
Filtration is the most common technique to remove the solid material.
Types of filtration
Granular Filters - Slow sand filter are gravity filters
Pressure Filters - High-rate filters
Membrane Filtration- A membrane is a thin layer of material capable of separating substances when a driving force is applied across the membrane.
Cartridge Filtration - Cartridge filters are considered an emerging technology suitable for removing microbes and turbidity in small systems
Liquid - Liquid Extraction
It is a method to separate compounds based on their relative Solubility's in two different immiscible liquids
Liquid–liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories, where it is performed using a separating funnel.
This type of process is commonly performed after a chemical reaction as part of the work up.
Distillation
Simple distillation- Simple distillation is a procedure by which two liquids with different boiling points can be separated. Simple distillation can be used effectively to separate liquids that have at least fifty degrees difference in their boiling points
Vacuum Distillation-A vacuum distillation is used when the boiling point of the compound (or the solvent) is too high in order to distil the compound (or the solvent off) without significant decomposition.
Fractional Distillation-Fractional distillation is a manufacturing process that separates the different components i.e. fractions in a chemical mixture according to their different boiling points.
Chromatography
Chromatography is a family of analytical chemistry techniques for the separation of mixtures.
A chromatograph takes a chemical mixture carried by liquid or gas and separates it into its component parts as a result of differential distributions of the solutes as they flow around or over a stationary liquid or solid phase.
[attachment=45478]
Evaporation
The process of evaporation involves the vaporization of a liquid.
Evaporation is considered to be part of a phase transition.
It should also be noted that evaporation is not necessarily always visible.
Understanding the process of evaporation has been helping countless industries and municipalities counter evaporation of limited water supplies.
Filtration
Filtration is the most common technique to remove the solid material.
Types of filtration
Granular Filters - Slow sand filter are gravity filters
Pressure Filters - High-rate filters
Membrane Filtration- A membrane is a thin layer of material capable of separating substances when a driving force is applied across the membrane.
Cartridge Filtration - Cartridge filters are considered an emerging technology suitable for removing microbes and turbidity in small systems
Liquid - Liquid Extraction
It is a method to separate compounds based on their relative Solubility's in two different immiscible liquids
Liquid–liquid extraction is a basic technique in chemical laboratories, where it is performed using a separating funnel.
This type of process is commonly performed after a chemical reaction as part of the work up.
Distillation
Simple distillation- Simple distillation is a procedure by which two liquids with different boiling points can be separated. Simple distillation can be used effectively to separate liquids that have at least fifty degrees difference in their boiling points
Vacuum Distillation-A vacuum distillation is used when the boiling point of the compound (or the solvent) is too high in order to distil the compound (or the solvent off) without significant decomposition.
Fractional Distillation-Fractional distillation is a manufacturing process that separates the different components i.e. fractions in a chemical mixture according to their different boiling points.
Chromatography
Chromatography is a family of analytical chemistry techniques for the separation of mixtures.
A chromatograph takes a chemical mixture carried by liquid or gas and separates it into its component parts as a result of differential distributions of the solutes as they flow around or over a stationary liquid or solid phase.