15-02-2013, 03:35 PM
Train Anti Collision using GPS and Zigbee
[attachment=51073]
The Anti Collision Devices (ACDs), the GPS-based equipment designed to prevent collisions in the Railway network. The technology uses a combination of GPS navigation and terrestrial radio communication (Zigbee) among a network of ACDs to activate automatic braking systems when two trains get within a radius of three km of each other on the same track.
The nature of the indigenous Anti Collision Devices (ACD) technology is such that its success and reliability hinges on the complete networking of the entire passenger and cargo fleet.
This work is concentrated on predicting the major cause of railway accidents that is collision on the same track. For this purpose some advanced technology to identify train positions, collision detection as well as the points at where collisions may occur have been used. The primary goal of our anti-collision system is to identify such collision points and to report these error cases to main control room, nearby station as well as grid control stations. So that if any collision likely to occurs then our system will help to avoid such conditions by giving an alarm to concern units. To build this system, advanced sensing technology, long distance communication system and wireless Communication protocol has been used.
Indian Railways & Safety: present Perspective Indian:
Railways are the world's second-largest railway, with 6,853 stations, 63,028 kilometres of track, 37,840 passenger coaches and 222,147 freight cars. Annually it carries some 4.83 billion passengers and 492 million tons of freight. Of the 11 million passengers who climb aboard one of 8,520 trains each day, about 550,000 have reserved accommodations.
Safe transportation of passengers is the key business objective of any transportation system. Railways are recognized as the safest mode of mass transportation and Safety has been recognized as the key issue for the railways and one of its special attributes. All business strategies emanate from this theme and strive to achieve Accident Free System. Safety is, therefore, the key performance index which the top managements need to monitor and take preventive steps based on trends of accidents which are the manifestations of some of the unsafe practices on the system.
Collisions
Collisions are the most dreaded accidents. It is very difficult to stop such collisions because of speed of moving trains, which need a lead distance to stop. Collisions happen due to human errors and/or faulty equipment.
Head-On & Rear-End-Collisions
A head-on collision is one where the front ends of two ships, trains, planes or vehicles hit each other, as opposed to a side-collision or rear-end collision.. With rail, a head-on collision often implies a collision on a single line railway.
Current Technologies used/ proposed to prevent collision:
The Anti-Collision Device (ACD) is a self-acting microprocessor-based data communication. The system consists of Loco ACD with a console (message display) for the driver (in each Loco Engine), Guard ACD with remote (fitted in Guard Van), Station ACD with console (fitted in Station Masters' Cabin), Manned and Unmanned Gates ACD with hooters and flashers (in each location) and Repeater ACDs (fitted at locations having obstructions in radio communication such as hilly areas) which work in concert to prevent the following kinds of collisions and accidents like-Head on collisions ,Rear end collisions, Collisions due to derailment, Collisions at the level crossing gates .
[attachment=51073]
The Anti Collision Devices (ACDs), the GPS-based equipment designed to prevent collisions in the Railway network. The technology uses a combination of GPS navigation and terrestrial radio communication (Zigbee) among a network of ACDs to activate automatic braking systems when two trains get within a radius of three km of each other on the same track.
The nature of the indigenous Anti Collision Devices (ACD) technology is such that its success and reliability hinges on the complete networking of the entire passenger and cargo fleet.
This work is concentrated on predicting the major cause of railway accidents that is collision on the same track. For this purpose some advanced technology to identify train positions, collision detection as well as the points at where collisions may occur have been used. The primary goal of our anti-collision system is to identify such collision points and to report these error cases to main control room, nearby station as well as grid control stations. So that if any collision likely to occurs then our system will help to avoid such conditions by giving an alarm to concern units. To build this system, advanced sensing technology, long distance communication system and wireless Communication protocol has been used.
Indian Railways & Safety: present Perspective Indian:
Railways are the world's second-largest railway, with 6,853 stations, 63,028 kilometres of track, 37,840 passenger coaches and 222,147 freight cars. Annually it carries some 4.83 billion passengers and 492 million tons of freight. Of the 11 million passengers who climb aboard one of 8,520 trains each day, about 550,000 have reserved accommodations.
Safe transportation of passengers is the key business objective of any transportation system. Railways are recognized as the safest mode of mass transportation and Safety has been recognized as the key issue for the railways and one of its special attributes. All business strategies emanate from this theme and strive to achieve Accident Free System. Safety is, therefore, the key performance index which the top managements need to monitor and take preventive steps based on trends of accidents which are the manifestations of some of the unsafe practices on the system.
Collisions
Collisions are the most dreaded accidents. It is very difficult to stop such collisions because of speed of moving trains, which need a lead distance to stop. Collisions happen due to human errors and/or faulty equipment.
Head-On & Rear-End-Collisions
A head-on collision is one where the front ends of two ships, trains, planes or vehicles hit each other, as opposed to a side-collision or rear-end collision.. With rail, a head-on collision often implies a collision on a single line railway.
Current Technologies used/ proposed to prevent collision:
The Anti-Collision Device (ACD) is a self-acting microprocessor-based data communication. The system consists of Loco ACD with a console (message display) for the driver (in each Loco Engine), Guard ACD with remote (fitted in Guard Van), Station ACD with console (fitted in Station Masters' Cabin), Manned and Unmanned Gates ACD with hooters and flashers (in each location) and Repeater ACDs (fitted at locations having obstructions in radio communication such as hilly areas) which work in concert to prevent the following kinds of collisions and accidents like-Head on collisions ,Rear end collisions, Collisions due to derailment, Collisions at the level crossing gates .