21-03-2013, 11:38 AM
21-03-2013, 04:20 PM
To get full information or details of Artificial intelligence please have a look on the pages
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...protection
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...ull-report
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...port--8867
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...pid=116054
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...lustration
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...ecognition
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...igence-ppt
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...ull-report
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...ull-report
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...er-station
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...-games-ppt
if you again feel trouble on Artificial intelligence please reply in that page and ask specific fields in Artificial intelligence
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...protection
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...ull-report
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...port--8867
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...pid=116054
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...lustration
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...ecognition
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...igence-ppt
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...ull-report
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...ull-report
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...er-station
https://seminarproject.net/Thread-artifi...-games-ppt
if you again feel trouble on Artificial intelligence please reply in that page and ask specific fields in Artificial intelligence
16-07-2013, 03:11 PM
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
[attachment=56626]
Abstract:
At the beginning of the Stone Age, when people started taking shelters in caves, they made attempts to immortalize themselves by painting their images on rocks. With the gradual progress in civilization, they felt interested to see themselves in different forms. So, they started constructing models of human being with sand, clay and stones. The size, shape, constituents and style of the model humans continued evolving but the man was not happy with the models that only looked like him. He had a strong desire to make the model ‘intelligent’, so that it could act and think as he did.
Defining AI:
The phrase AI, which was coined by John McCarthy three decades ago, evades a concise and formal definition to date. One representative definition is pivoted around the comparison of intelligence of computing machines with human beings]. Another definition is concerned with the performance of machines which “historically have been judged to lie within the domain of intelligence” . None of these definitions or the like have been universally accepted, perhaps because of their references to the word “intelligence”, which at present is an abstract and immeasurable quantity. A better definition of AI, therefore, calls for formalization of the term “intelligence”. Psychologist and Cognitive theorists are of the opinion that intelligence helps in identifying the right piece of knowledge at the appropriate instances of decision making.
General Problem Solving Approaches in AI
To understand what exactly AI is, we illustrate some common problems. Problems dealt with in AI generally use a common term called ‘state’. A state represents a status of the solution at a given step of the problem solving procedure. The solution of a problem, thus, is a collection of the problem states. The problem solving procedure applies an operator to a state to get the next state. Then it applies another operator to the resulting state to derive anew state. The process of applying an operator to a state and its subsequent
1. The branch of computer science that is concerned with the automation of intelligent behavior.
2. The study of computations that make it possible to perceive reason and act.
3. A field of study that seeks to explain and emulate intelligent behavior in terms of computational processes.
4. The study of mental faculties through the use of computational models.
The Disciplines of AI
The subject of AI spans a wide horizon. It deals with the various kinds of knowledge representation schemes, different techniques of intelligent search, various methods for resolving uncertainty of data and knowledge, different schemes for automated machine learning and many others. Among the application areas of AI, we have Expert systems, Game-playing, and Theorem-proving, Natural language processing, Image recognition, Robotics and many others. The subject of AI has been enriched with a wide discipline of knowledge from Philosophy, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Computer Science, Mathematics and Engineering. Thus in fig. 1.2, they have been referred to as the parent disciplines of AI. An at-a-glance look at fig. 1.2 also reveals the subject area of AI and its application areas.
Conclusion:
The subject of AI deals more with symbolic processing than numeric computation. Knowledge representation, reasoning, planning, learning, intelligent search and uncertainty management of data and knowledge are the common areas covered under AI. Some of the applications areas of AI are speech and image understanding, expert systems, pattern classification and navigational planning of mobile robots.
[attachment=56626]
Abstract:
At the beginning of the Stone Age, when people started taking shelters in caves, they made attempts to immortalize themselves by painting their images on rocks. With the gradual progress in civilization, they felt interested to see themselves in different forms. So, they started constructing models of human being with sand, clay and stones. The size, shape, constituents and style of the model humans continued evolving but the man was not happy with the models that only looked like him. He had a strong desire to make the model ‘intelligent’, so that it could act and think as he did.
Defining AI:
The phrase AI, which was coined by John McCarthy three decades ago, evades a concise and formal definition to date. One representative definition is pivoted around the comparison of intelligence of computing machines with human beings]. Another definition is concerned with the performance of machines which “historically have been judged to lie within the domain of intelligence” . None of these definitions or the like have been universally accepted, perhaps because of their references to the word “intelligence”, which at present is an abstract and immeasurable quantity. A better definition of AI, therefore, calls for formalization of the term “intelligence”. Psychologist and Cognitive theorists are of the opinion that intelligence helps in identifying the right piece of knowledge at the appropriate instances of decision making.
General Problem Solving Approaches in AI
To understand what exactly AI is, we illustrate some common problems. Problems dealt with in AI generally use a common term called ‘state’. A state represents a status of the solution at a given step of the problem solving procedure. The solution of a problem, thus, is a collection of the problem states. The problem solving procedure applies an operator to a state to get the next state. Then it applies another operator to the resulting state to derive anew state. The process of applying an operator to a state and its subsequent
1. The branch of computer science that is concerned with the automation of intelligent behavior.
2. The study of computations that make it possible to perceive reason and act.
3. A field of study that seeks to explain and emulate intelligent behavior in terms of computational processes.
4. The study of mental faculties through the use of computational models.
The Disciplines of AI
The subject of AI spans a wide horizon. It deals with the various kinds of knowledge representation schemes, different techniques of intelligent search, various methods for resolving uncertainty of data and knowledge, different schemes for automated machine learning and many others. Among the application areas of AI, we have Expert systems, Game-playing, and Theorem-proving, Natural language processing, Image recognition, Robotics and many others. The subject of AI has been enriched with a wide discipline of knowledge from Philosophy, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Computer Science, Mathematics and Engineering. Thus in fig. 1.2, they have been referred to as the parent disciplines of AI. An at-a-glance look at fig. 1.2 also reveals the subject area of AI and its application areas.
Conclusion:
The subject of AI deals more with symbolic processing than numeric computation. Knowledge representation, reasoning, planning, learning, intelligent search and uncertainty management of data and knowledge are the common areas covered under AI. Some of the applications areas of AI are speech and image understanding, expert systems, pattern classification and navigational planning of mobile robots.