13-05-2013, 03:29 PM
PAPER BATTERY-A PROMISING ENERGY SOLUTION FOR INDIA
[attachment=53818]
ABSTRACT
This paper gives a thorough insight on this relatively revolutionizing and satisfying solution of energy storage through Paper
Batteries and provides an in-depth analysis of the same. A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and
production device formed by combining carbon nanotubes with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper. A paper
battery can function both as a high-energy battery and super capacitor , combining two discrete components that are separate
in traditional electronics . This combination allows the battery to provide both long-term steady power production as well as
bursts of energy. Being Biodegradable, Light-weight and Non-toxic, flexible paper batteries have potential adaptability to
power the next generation of electronics, medical devices and hybrid vehicles, allowing for radical new designs and medical
technologies.
The paper is aimed at understanding & analyzing the properties and characteristics of Paper Batteries; to study its
advantages, potential applications, limitations and disadvantages. This paper also aims at highlighting the construction and
various methods of production of Paper Battery and look for alternative means of mass-production.
INTRODUCTION
Need
The basic problems associated with the present
Electro-Chemical batteries are: (1) Limited Life-
Time: Primary batteries irreversibly (within limits of
practicality) transform chemical energy to electrical
energy. Secondary batteries can be recharged; that is,
they can have their chemical reactions reversed by
supplying electrical energy to the cell, restoring their
original composition. But, Rechargeable batteries are
still costlier than Primary Batteries in the markets of
developing countries like India. (2) Leakage: If
leakage occurs, either spontaneously or through
accident, the chemicals released may be dangerous.
For example, disposable batteries often use zinc
"can" as both a reactant and as the container to hold
the other reagents. If this kind of battery is run all the
way down, or if it is recharged after running down
too far, the reagents can emerge through the
cardboard and plastic that forms the remainder of the
container.
Literature Review:
There has to be a compromise between the charge
producing device (Battery) and a charge storing
device(Capacitor). Batteries (whether primary or
secondary) cannot possess indefinite recyclability.
Same is the case with capacitors. So, if a balance be
sought between them in such a way so as to utilize
the properties of both, the results would be more
rewarding. Owing to this fact and to the miraculous
properties of the Carbon nanotubes, there has been a
steady and progressive interest in the global scientific
community aimed at its utilization in the production
of Paper Batteries. Significant works have been
carried out independently, notable among which are
by Pushparaj et al.[2007] and Yi Cui et al.[2010] in
the field of preparing the first prototypes.
PAPER BATTERIES-BASICS:
Definition
A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage
and production device formed by combining carbon
nanotubes with a conventional sheet of cellulosebased
paper. A paper battery acts as both a highenergy
battery and super capacitor, combining two
discrete components that are separate in traditional
electronics.
Paper Battery=
Paper (Cellulose) + Carbon Nanotubes
Cellulose is a complex organic substance found in
paper and pulp; not digestible by humans. A Carbon
NanoTubes (CNT) is a very tiny cylinder formed
from a single sheet of carbon atoms rolled into a tiny
cylinder. These are stronger than steel and more
conducting than the best semiconductors. They can
be Single-walled or Multi-walled.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
One of the major problems bugging the world now is
Energy crisis. Every nation needs energy and
everyone needs power. And this problem which
disturbs the developed countries perturbs the
developing countries like India to a much greater
extent. Standing at a point in the present where there
can’t be a day without power, Paper Batteries can
provide an altogether path-breaking solution to the
same. Being Biodegradable, Light-weight and Nontoxic,
flexible paper batteries have potential
adaptability to power the next generation of
electronics, medical devices and hybrid vehicles,
allowing for radical new designs and medical
technologies. But India still has got a long way to go
if it has to be self-dependant for its energy solution.
Literature reflects that Indian researchers have got the
scientific astuteness needed for such revolutionary
work. But what hinders their path is the lack of
facilities and funding.
[attachment=53818]
ABSTRACT
This paper gives a thorough insight on this relatively revolutionizing and satisfying solution of energy storage through Paper
Batteries and provides an in-depth analysis of the same. A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and
production device formed by combining carbon nanotubes with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper. A paper
battery can function both as a high-energy battery and super capacitor , combining two discrete components that are separate
in traditional electronics . This combination allows the battery to provide both long-term steady power production as well as
bursts of energy. Being Biodegradable, Light-weight and Non-toxic, flexible paper batteries have potential adaptability to
power the next generation of electronics, medical devices and hybrid vehicles, allowing for radical new designs and medical
technologies.
The paper is aimed at understanding & analyzing the properties and characteristics of Paper Batteries; to study its
advantages, potential applications, limitations and disadvantages. This paper also aims at highlighting the construction and
various methods of production of Paper Battery and look for alternative means of mass-production.
INTRODUCTION
Need
The basic problems associated with the present
Electro-Chemical batteries are: (1) Limited Life-
Time: Primary batteries irreversibly (within limits of
practicality) transform chemical energy to electrical
energy. Secondary batteries can be recharged; that is,
they can have their chemical reactions reversed by
supplying electrical energy to the cell, restoring their
original composition. But, Rechargeable batteries are
still costlier than Primary Batteries in the markets of
developing countries like India. (2) Leakage: If
leakage occurs, either spontaneously or through
accident, the chemicals released may be dangerous.
For example, disposable batteries often use zinc
"can" as both a reactant and as the container to hold
the other reagents. If this kind of battery is run all the
way down, or if it is recharged after running down
too far, the reagents can emerge through the
cardboard and plastic that forms the remainder of the
container.
Literature Review:
There has to be a compromise between the charge
producing device (Battery) and a charge storing
device(Capacitor). Batteries (whether primary or
secondary) cannot possess indefinite recyclability.
Same is the case with capacitors. So, if a balance be
sought between them in such a way so as to utilize
the properties of both, the results would be more
rewarding. Owing to this fact and to the miraculous
properties of the Carbon nanotubes, there has been a
steady and progressive interest in the global scientific
community aimed at its utilization in the production
of Paper Batteries. Significant works have been
carried out independently, notable among which are
by Pushparaj et al.[2007] and Yi Cui et al.[2010] in
the field of preparing the first prototypes.
PAPER BATTERIES-BASICS:
Definition
A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage
and production device formed by combining carbon
nanotubes with a conventional sheet of cellulosebased
paper. A paper battery acts as both a highenergy
battery and super capacitor, combining two
discrete components that are separate in traditional
electronics.
Paper Battery=
Paper (Cellulose) + Carbon Nanotubes
Cellulose is a complex organic substance found in
paper and pulp; not digestible by humans. A Carbon
NanoTubes (CNT) is a very tiny cylinder formed
from a single sheet of carbon atoms rolled into a tiny
cylinder. These are stronger than steel and more
conducting than the best semiconductors. They can
be Single-walled or Multi-walled.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
One of the major problems bugging the world now is
Energy crisis. Every nation needs energy and
everyone needs power. And this problem which
disturbs the developed countries perturbs the
developing countries like India to a much greater
extent. Standing at a point in the present where there
can’t be a day without power, Paper Batteries can
provide an altogether path-breaking solution to the
same. Being Biodegradable, Light-weight and Nontoxic,
flexible paper batteries have potential
adaptability to power the next generation of
electronics, medical devices and hybrid vehicles,
allowing for radical new designs and medical
technologies. But India still has got a long way to go
if it has to be self-dependant for its energy solution.
Literature reflects that Indian researchers have got the
scientific astuteness needed for such revolutionary
work. But what hinders their path is the lack of
facilities and funding.