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Micro Strip Antennas

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INTRODUCTION

Micro strip or patch antennas are becoming increasingly useful because they can be printed directly onto a circuit board. Micro strip antennas are becoming very widespread within the mobile phone market. Patch antennas are low cost, have a low profile and are easily fabricated.
Micro strip antenna has enabled their widespread use in
• Personal communication systems
• Mobile satellite communications and
• Wireless local area networks (WLANs)
The figure shows a rectangular micro strip antenna. Micro strip antenna’s consists of a patch of metallization over a ground plane separated by a dielectric substrate, commonly referred as patch antenna.
There are mainly 4 parts in a patch antenna
1) Patch antenna
2) Micro strip transmission line
3) Substrate
4) Ground plane
The patch antenna, micro strip transmission line and ground plane are made of high conductivity metal (typically copper). The patch is of length L, width W, and sitting on top of a substrate (some dielectric circuit board) of thickness h with permittivity.