28-05-2013, 11:56 AM
SYNOPSIS OF COMPUTER NETWORKING
[attachment=54334]
INTRODUCTION
A computer network is simply a network, a collection of computer and devices connected by communication channels that facilitates communication among users and allow users to share resources with other user’s network may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristic.
A computer network allows sharing of resources and information among devices connected to the network. A network is a set of devices connected by communication links .A node can be a computer, printer, or any device capable of sending and/or receiving data generated by other nodes on the network.
The development of the personal computer brought about tremendous changes for business, industry, Science, and education. One goal is to be able to exchange data such as text, audio, and video from all points in the world
IP ADRESSES
This is divided into three address classes-Class A, Class B, and Class C.
Class full IP Addressing
When IP was first standardized in September 1981, the specification required that each system attached to an IP-based Internet be assigned a unique, 32-bit Internet address value. Systems that have interfaces to more than one network require a unique IP address for each network.
Primary address classes
To provide the flexibility required to support networks of varying sizes, the Internet designers decided that the IP address space should be often referred to as class full addressing. Each class fixes the boundary between the network prefix and the host number at a different point within the 32-bit address. The formats of the fundamental address classes.
SUBNET MASK
A Subnet mask is a 32-bit value that allows the recipient of IP packets to distinguish the network id portion of the IP address from the host id portion of the IP addresses. The network administrator creates a 32-bit subnet mask composed of 1s and 0s.Class A address start with 255.0.0.0 and class B address must start with 255.255.0.0 and a class C has to start with 255.255.255.0.
802.11 STANDARD
802.11a-While 802.11b was in development, IEEE created a second Extension to the original 802.11 standard called 802.11a. Because 802.11b gained in popularity much faster than did 802.11a, some folks . Believe that 802.11a was created after 802.11b. In fact, 802.11a was created at the same time. Due to its higher cost, 802.11a is usually found on business networks whereas 802.11b better serves the home market. 802.11a supports bandwidth up to 54 Mbps and signals in a regulated frequency spectrum around 5 GHz.
802.11b-Because 802.11a and 802.11b utilize different frequencies, the two technologies are incompatible with each other. Some vendors offer hybrid 802.11a/b network gear, but these products merely implement the two standards side by side 802.11n. It was designed to improve on 802.11g .this is of bandwidth supported by utilizing multiple. Wireless signals and antennas (called MIMO technology) instead of one. When this standard is finalized, 802.11n connections should support data rates of over 100 Mbps. 802.11n also offers somewhat better range over earlier Wi-Fi standards due to its increased signal intensity.
802.11g-In 2002 and 2003, WLAN products supporting a newer standard called 802.11g emerged on the market. 802.11g attempts to combine the best of both 802.11a and 802.11b. 802.11g supports bandwidth up to 54 Mbps, and it uses the 2.4 GHZ frequency for greater range. 802.11g is backwards compatible with 802.11b, meaning that 802.11g access points will work with 802.11b wireless network adapters and vice versa.
CONCLUSION
To develop a Wi-Fi access map and checking the dead zone by using software by the continuous and point to point and plotting map and working Wi-Fi ranges.
Considering all the requirements of the institution, a better plan for the network was made. Most of the servers and systems are installed or reinstalled.
According to the new plan .The gateways in the institution were configured .The new gateways have scripts explaining each rule. Experiments on new technologies conducted which are going to be implemented in the institution.LAN also allow computers to talk each other .This network allows printers, as well as documents and projects, to be shared. When building a network we can add a device by selecting it from a device list. We can also edit the configuration in the Net Con figs window, by entering information for every device. In order to enter commands or configure devices we can also use the console.
[attachment=54334]
INTRODUCTION
A computer network is simply a network, a collection of computer and devices connected by communication channels that facilitates communication among users and allow users to share resources with other user’s network may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristic.
A computer network allows sharing of resources and information among devices connected to the network. A network is a set of devices connected by communication links .A node can be a computer, printer, or any device capable of sending and/or receiving data generated by other nodes on the network.
The development of the personal computer brought about tremendous changes for business, industry, Science, and education. One goal is to be able to exchange data such as text, audio, and video from all points in the world
IP ADRESSES
This is divided into three address classes-Class A, Class B, and Class C.
Class full IP Addressing
When IP was first standardized in September 1981, the specification required that each system attached to an IP-based Internet be assigned a unique, 32-bit Internet address value. Systems that have interfaces to more than one network require a unique IP address for each network.
Primary address classes
To provide the flexibility required to support networks of varying sizes, the Internet designers decided that the IP address space should be often referred to as class full addressing. Each class fixes the boundary between the network prefix and the host number at a different point within the 32-bit address. The formats of the fundamental address classes.
SUBNET MASK
A Subnet mask is a 32-bit value that allows the recipient of IP packets to distinguish the network id portion of the IP address from the host id portion of the IP addresses. The network administrator creates a 32-bit subnet mask composed of 1s and 0s.Class A address start with 255.0.0.0 and class B address must start with 255.255.0.0 and a class C has to start with 255.255.255.0.
802.11 STANDARD
802.11a-While 802.11b was in development, IEEE created a second Extension to the original 802.11 standard called 802.11a. Because 802.11b gained in popularity much faster than did 802.11a, some folks . Believe that 802.11a was created after 802.11b. In fact, 802.11a was created at the same time. Due to its higher cost, 802.11a is usually found on business networks whereas 802.11b better serves the home market. 802.11a supports bandwidth up to 54 Mbps and signals in a regulated frequency spectrum around 5 GHz.
802.11b-Because 802.11a and 802.11b utilize different frequencies, the two technologies are incompatible with each other. Some vendors offer hybrid 802.11a/b network gear, but these products merely implement the two standards side by side 802.11n. It was designed to improve on 802.11g .this is of bandwidth supported by utilizing multiple. Wireless signals and antennas (called MIMO technology) instead of one. When this standard is finalized, 802.11n connections should support data rates of over 100 Mbps. 802.11n also offers somewhat better range over earlier Wi-Fi standards due to its increased signal intensity.
802.11g-In 2002 and 2003, WLAN products supporting a newer standard called 802.11g emerged on the market. 802.11g attempts to combine the best of both 802.11a and 802.11b. 802.11g supports bandwidth up to 54 Mbps, and it uses the 2.4 GHZ frequency for greater range. 802.11g is backwards compatible with 802.11b, meaning that 802.11g access points will work with 802.11b wireless network adapters and vice versa.
CONCLUSION
To develop a Wi-Fi access map and checking the dead zone by using software by the continuous and point to point and plotting map and working Wi-Fi ranges.
Considering all the requirements of the institution, a better plan for the network was made. Most of the servers and systems are installed or reinstalled.
According to the new plan .The gateways in the institution were configured .The new gateways have scripts explaining each rule. Experiments on new technologies conducted which are going to be implemented in the institution.LAN also allow computers to talk each other .This network allows printers, as well as documents and projects, to be shared. When building a network we can add a device by selecting it from a device list. We can also edit the configuration in the Net Con figs window, by entering information for every device. In order to enter commands or configure devices we can also use the console.