27-08-2013, 01:03 PM
Networking protocol for underwater wireless communication
[attachment=57483]
introduction
Types of Networking Protocols :-
-Medium Access Control Protocols.
-Routing Protocols.
-Transport-layer Protocols.
-Cross Layer Protocols
Challenges to underwater acoustic communication
The propagation delay due to the low speed of sound (1500 m/s)
The available acoustic bandwidth depends on the transmission distance.
Underwater devices are prone to failures
The underwater acoustic channel is severely impaired.
High bit error rates and temporary losses of connectivity.
Batteries are energy constrained and cannot be recharged easily.
medium access control protocols
Abbreviated as MAC
Currently focused on CSMA or CDMA
CDMA is a promising physical technique
Multicarrier transmissions may not be suitable for low-end underwater devices
transport-layer protocols
Required to achieve reliable transport of event features
SDRT was recently proposed.
SDRT uses tornado codes to recover error packets to reduce retransmission
cross-layer protocols
It relies on a distributed optimization problem
It efficiently uses scarce resources such as bandwidth and battery energy
It improves performance in wireless network
conclusion
We overviewed some of the recent solutions for medium access control , routing , transport-layer and cross layer networking protocols
[attachment=57483]
introduction
Types of Networking Protocols :-
-Medium Access Control Protocols.
-Routing Protocols.
-Transport-layer Protocols.
-Cross Layer Protocols
Challenges to underwater acoustic communication
The propagation delay due to the low speed of sound (1500 m/s)
The available acoustic bandwidth depends on the transmission distance.
Underwater devices are prone to failures
The underwater acoustic channel is severely impaired.
High bit error rates and temporary losses of connectivity.
Batteries are energy constrained and cannot be recharged easily.
medium access control protocols
Abbreviated as MAC
Currently focused on CSMA or CDMA
CDMA is a promising physical technique
Multicarrier transmissions may not be suitable for low-end underwater devices
transport-layer protocols
Required to achieve reliable transport of event features
SDRT was recently proposed.
SDRT uses tornado codes to recover error packets to reduce retransmission
cross-layer protocols
It relies on a distributed optimization problem
It efficiently uses scarce resources such as bandwidth and battery energy
It improves performance in wireless network
conclusion
We overviewed some of the recent solutions for medium access control , routing , transport-layer and cross layer networking protocols