20-03-2014, 02:17 PM
Efficient and Secured Multicasting Over MANET’s Through EGMP
[attachment=60315]
Abstract
G roup communications are important in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET). Multicast is an efficient method for
implementing group communications. However, it is challenging to implement efficient and scalable multicast in MANET due to the
difficulty in group membership management and multicast packet forwarding over a dynamic topology. We propose a S ecured novel
Efficient Geographic Multicast Protocol (EGMP). EGMP uses a virtual-zone-based structu re to implement scalable and efficient group
membership management. A network-wide zone-based bi-directional tree is constructed to achieve more efficient membership
management and multicast delivery. The position information is used to guide the zone structu re building, multicast tree construction
and multicast packet forwarding, which efficiently reduces the overhead for route searching and tree structure maintenance. S everal
strategies have been proposed to further improve the efficiency of the protocol, for example, introducing the concept of zone depth for
building an optimal tree structure and integrating the location search of group members with the hierarchical group membershi p
management. To handle empty zone problem faced by most routing protocol s using a zone structu re. We design a scheme to handle
secu rity problem faced by multicasting. Finally, we design to maintain the data in the buffer of the zone leader to send the data to the
crashed node. The scalability and the efficiency of EGMP are evaluated through simulations and quantitative analysis. Our resu lts
demonstrate that EGMP has high packet delivery ratio, and low control overhead and multicast group joining delay under all test
scenarios, and is scalable to both group size and network size. Compared to Scalable Position -Based Multicast (SPBM) [15], EGMP has
significantly lower control overhead, data transmission overh ead, and multicast group joining delay.
Introduction
There are increasing interests and importance in
supporting group communicat ions over Mobile Ad Hoc
Networks (MANETs). Example applications include the
exchange of messages among a group of soldiers in a
battlefield, co mmunications among the firemen in a
disaster area, and the support of multimed ia games and
teleconferences. With a one-to-many or many-to-many
transmission pattern, multicast is an efficient method to
realize group communicat ions. However, there is a big
challenge in enabling efficient mu lticasting over a
MANET whose topology may change constantly.
In this work, we propose an efficient geographic
mu lticast protocol, EGMP, which can scale to a large
group size and large network size.
Related Work
In this section, we first summarize the basic
procedures assumed in conventional mu lticast protocols,
and then introduce a few geographic multicast algorith ms
proposed in the literature.
In conventional topology multicast protocols
mainly include tree based protocols (e.g., [2]– [4]) and
mesh-based protocols (e.g., [5], [7]). Tree structure is
mainly constructed in tree based protocols for more
efficient forward ing of packets to all the group members.
With the help of mesh based protocols we can expand the
mu lticast tree with additional paths which can be used to
forward packets when some of the links break.
In contrast, EGM P uses a location-aware approach
for more reliab le membership management and packet
transmissions, and supports scalability for both group size
and network size. the focus of our paper is to improve the
scalability of location-based multicast, a comparison with
topology-based protocols is out of the scope of this work.
CONCLUS ION
There is an increasing demand and a big
challenge to design more secure, scalable and reliable
mu lticast protocol over a dynamic ad hoc network
(MANET). In this paper, we propose a secured efficient
and scalable geographic multicast protocol, EGM P for
MANET. The scalability of EGMP is achieved through a
two-tier v irtual-zone-based structure. A zone-based bi-
directional mult icast tree is built at the upper tier . The
position informat ion is used in the protocol to guide the
zone structure building, multicast tree construction,
maintenance, and multicast packet forward ing. Co mpared
to conventional topology based multicast protocols, the
use of location information in EGMP significantly
reduces the tree construction and maintenance overhead,
and enables quicker tree structure adaptation to the
network topology change. We also develop a scheme to
handle the empty zone problem, wh ich is challenging for
the zone-based protocols. Additionally, EGM P makes use
of geographic forwarding for reliable packet
transmissions, and efficiently tracks the positions of
mu lticast group members without resorting to an external
location server.
[attachment=60315]
Abstract
G roup communications are important in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET). Multicast is an efficient method for
implementing group communications. However, it is challenging to implement efficient and scalable multicast in MANET due to the
difficulty in group membership management and multicast packet forwarding over a dynamic topology. We propose a S ecured novel
Efficient Geographic Multicast Protocol (EGMP). EGMP uses a virtual-zone-based structu re to implement scalable and efficient group
membership management. A network-wide zone-based bi-directional tree is constructed to achieve more efficient membership
management and multicast delivery. The position information is used to guide the zone structu re building, multicast tree construction
and multicast packet forwarding, which efficiently reduces the overhead for route searching and tree structure maintenance. S everal
strategies have been proposed to further improve the efficiency of the protocol, for example, introducing the concept of zone depth for
building an optimal tree structure and integrating the location search of group members with the hierarchical group membershi p
management. To handle empty zone problem faced by most routing protocol s using a zone structu re. We design a scheme to handle
secu rity problem faced by multicasting. Finally, we design to maintain the data in the buffer of the zone leader to send the data to the
crashed node. The scalability and the efficiency of EGMP are evaluated through simulations and quantitative analysis. Our resu lts
demonstrate that EGMP has high packet delivery ratio, and low control overhead and multicast group joining delay under all test
scenarios, and is scalable to both group size and network size. Compared to Scalable Position -Based Multicast (SPBM) [15], EGMP has
significantly lower control overhead, data transmission overh ead, and multicast group joining delay.
Introduction
There are increasing interests and importance in
supporting group communicat ions over Mobile Ad Hoc
Networks (MANETs). Example applications include the
exchange of messages among a group of soldiers in a
battlefield, co mmunications among the firemen in a
disaster area, and the support of multimed ia games and
teleconferences. With a one-to-many or many-to-many
transmission pattern, multicast is an efficient method to
realize group communicat ions. However, there is a big
challenge in enabling efficient mu lticasting over a
MANET whose topology may change constantly.
In this work, we propose an efficient geographic
mu lticast protocol, EGMP, which can scale to a large
group size and large network size.
Related Work
In this section, we first summarize the basic
procedures assumed in conventional mu lticast protocols,
and then introduce a few geographic multicast algorith ms
proposed in the literature.
In conventional topology multicast protocols
mainly include tree based protocols (e.g., [2]– [4]) and
mesh-based protocols (e.g., [5], [7]). Tree structure is
mainly constructed in tree based protocols for more
efficient forward ing of packets to all the group members.
With the help of mesh based protocols we can expand the
mu lticast tree with additional paths which can be used to
forward packets when some of the links break.
In contrast, EGM P uses a location-aware approach
for more reliab le membership management and packet
transmissions, and supports scalability for both group size
and network size. the focus of our paper is to improve the
scalability of location-based multicast, a comparison with
topology-based protocols is out of the scope of this work.
CONCLUS ION
There is an increasing demand and a big
challenge to design more secure, scalable and reliable
mu lticast protocol over a dynamic ad hoc network
(MANET). In this paper, we propose a secured efficient
and scalable geographic multicast protocol, EGM P for
MANET. The scalability of EGMP is achieved through a
two-tier v irtual-zone-based structure. A zone-based bi-
directional mult icast tree is built at the upper tier . The
position informat ion is used in the protocol to guide the
zone structure building, multicast tree construction,
maintenance, and multicast packet forward ing. Co mpared
to conventional topology based multicast protocols, the
use of location information in EGMP significantly
reduces the tree construction and maintenance overhead,
and enables quicker tree structure adaptation to the
network topology change. We also develop a scheme to
handle the empty zone problem, wh ich is challenging for
the zone-based protocols. Additionally, EGM P makes use
of geographic forwarding for reliable packet
transmissions, and efficiently tracks the positions of
mu lticast group members without resorting to an external
location server.