25-08-2017, 09:32 PM
MINI PROJECT REPORT FABRICATION OF AUTOMATIC GUIDED VEHICLE
ABSTRACT
The Automatic Guided Vehicle refers a type of system that can be used in production as well as in other industries etc. This system includes a battery operated remote sensing locomotive (carrier) on which a small lift is provided, specific path over which it moves, sensors for sensing the the obstructions on the path of the carrier. Also sensors for sensing exact positions from where load wants to carry and to where.
The remote sensing carrier moves using the electric power from the battery. It moves with a low and constant speed on the prescribed path. The path has a specific color. The bottom of the carrier have sensor which is always coupled with the path. From the remote station we send only information for moving the carrier, not for steering it. The steering is done by the path. The front side of carrier vehicle contains sensors for sensing the obstructions on the path.
As it reaches the collecting station, its top floor lift to a small distance and lift the stand which contains the parts wants to assemble, supply. And the carrier moves through the path and reaches the supply station. The sensor provided on the carrier detected the station and unload the stand contains assembly parts at that station. And move to collecting stations again. Continues working cycles for making this project a reality.
INTRODUCTION
Automated Guided vehicle
An automated guided vehicle or automatic guided vehicle (AGV) is a mobile robot that follows markers or wires in the floor, or uses vision or lasers. They are most often used in industrial applications to move materials around a manufacturing facility or a warehouse
Automated guided vehicles increase efficiency and reduce costs by helping to automate a manufacturing facility or warehouse. The AGV can tow objects behind them in trailers to which they can autonomously attach. The trailers can be used to move raw materials or finished product. The AGV can also store objects on a bed. The objects can be placed on a set of conveyor and then pushed off by reversing them. Some AGVs use forklifts to lift objects for storage. AGVs are employed in nearly every industry, including, pulp, paper, metals, newspaper, and general manufacturing. Transporting materials such as food, linen or medicine in hospitals is also done.
An AGV can also be called a laser guided vehicle (LGV) or self-guided vehicle (SGV). Lower cost versions of AGVs are often called Automated Guided Carts (AGCs) and are usually guided by specific lines magnetic tape. AGCs are available in a variety of models and can be used to move products on an assembly line, transport goods throughout a plant or warehouse, and deliver loads to and from stretch wrappers and roller conveyors.AGV applications are seemingly endless as capacities can range from just a few kgs to hundreds of tons. The Aim of the project is to design and fabricate such a AGV
BACKGROUND
The creations of Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) have been around since the 1950’s and the technology was first developed by Barret Electronics from Grand Rapids, Michigan. It was then developed by the Europeans in the 1970’s and nowadays AGVs can be found in any countries. One of the first AGVs was a towing vehicle that pulled a series of trailers between two points, and today’s there are many task given to AGVs and they also have their own name and potentials.
Considering the full potentials and advantages of the Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) in our livings, it is valuable to do this project, as it also will be the first step towards the creation of more intelligent technology or system. The simplest AGV model may use just a sensor to provide its navigation and can be the complex one with more sensors and advance systems to do the task. They can work or do the task everywhere needed but the safety for the AGV as well as the people and environment surround it must be provided.
MARKET SURVEY
A market survey is an important requirement for initiating any successful business. The objective of a market survey is to collect information on various aspects of the business. This survey is a tool through which we can minimize risk. After the market survey, the results must be analyzed in order to finalize a business plan.
We are implementing automatic guided vehicle, which replaces the normal transporting methods. So that we wants to consider all the sections related to this works such as problems arising while installing. So we conducted a market survey by personnel interview techniques was used with the measure emphasis on personal interview method. Interviews were conducted through the structure questionnaire, Also we go through people who work in large industries such as production plant, supply station etc.
MOBILE POST DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (MOPS)
MoPS or Mobile Post Distribution System (Tschichold, Vestli, Schweitzer, 1999) is a research AGV developed at the Institute of Robotics in Zurich, Switzerland. It is used to transport mail around the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. MoPS is powered up by rechargeable batteries which give it a 4-hour active life, weighs around 90kg and can carry up to 50 kg of postal payload. It is also capable of hot-swapping its own batteries pack, thus ensuring 24h availability.
The MOPS provide services of picking up boxes with incoming mail at the ground floor of the five floor building, which is sorted by human first, delivering them to the secretaries' offices, subsequently bringing back the outgoing mail to the ground floor station. It is also capable of switching floors by sending an infrared signal to the building’s lifts.
CHASSIS
The chassis is fabricated from Acrylic sheet. This is done for ease of fabrication, and to reduce the overall weight. It was designed in Catia; part of fabrication was outsourced due to unavailability of precision cutting tools. The chassis was designed to take a static load of 3kg.
The Top part of chassis has lots of drilled holes which serves as holes for bolting other parts and reduce the weight of the chassis. The Holes are arranged in a zigzag linear arrangement so that the decrease in strength of chassis is not considerable.
The flange which holds the motor was designed using Aluminium and is bolted to the chassis. So that the driving motors can easily accommodate below the chassis. The chassis incorporates hole for attaching front globe wheel, and also for attaching the lift structure
ABSTRACT
The Automatic Guided Vehicle refers a type of system that can be used in production as well as in other industries etc. This system includes a battery operated remote sensing locomotive (carrier) on which a small lift is provided, specific path over which it moves, sensors for sensing the the obstructions on the path of the carrier. Also sensors for sensing exact positions from where load wants to carry and to where.
The remote sensing carrier moves using the electric power from the battery. It moves with a low and constant speed on the prescribed path. The path has a specific color. The bottom of the carrier have sensor which is always coupled with the path. From the remote station we send only information for moving the carrier, not for steering it. The steering is done by the path. The front side of carrier vehicle contains sensors for sensing the obstructions on the path.
As it reaches the collecting station, its top floor lift to a small distance and lift the stand which contains the parts wants to assemble, supply. And the carrier moves through the path and reaches the supply station. The sensor provided on the carrier detected the station and unload the stand contains assembly parts at that station. And move to collecting stations again. Continues working cycles for making this project a reality.
INTRODUCTION
Automated Guided vehicle
An automated guided vehicle or automatic guided vehicle (AGV) is a mobile robot that follows markers or wires in the floor, or uses vision or lasers. They are most often used in industrial applications to move materials around a manufacturing facility or a warehouse
Automated guided vehicles increase efficiency and reduce costs by helping to automate a manufacturing facility or warehouse. The AGV can tow objects behind them in trailers to which they can autonomously attach. The trailers can be used to move raw materials or finished product. The AGV can also store objects on a bed. The objects can be placed on a set of conveyor and then pushed off by reversing them. Some AGVs use forklifts to lift objects for storage. AGVs are employed in nearly every industry, including, pulp, paper, metals, newspaper, and general manufacturing. Transporting materials such as food, linen or medicine in hospitals is also done.
An AGV can also be called a laser guided vehicle (LGV) or self-guided vehicle (SGV). Lower cost versions of AGVs are often called Automated Guided Carts (AGCs) and are usually guided by specific lines magnetic tape. AGCs are available in a variety of models and can be used to move products on an assembly line, transport goods throughout a plant or warehouse, and deliver loads to and from stretch wrappers and roller conveyors.AGV applications are seemingly endless as capacities can range from just a few kgs to hundreds of tons. The Aim of the project is to design and fabricate such a AGV
BACKGROUND
The creations of Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) have been around since the 1950’s and the technology was first developed by Barret Electronics from Grand Rapids, Michigan. It was then developed by the Europeans in the 1970’s and nowadays AGVs can be found in any countries. One of the first AGVs was a towing vehicle that pulled a series of trailers between two points, and today’s there are many task given to AGVs and they also have their own name and potentials.
Considering the full potentials and advantages of the Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) in our livings, it is valuable to do this project, as it also will be the first step towards the creation of more intelligent technology or system. The simplest AGV model may use just a sensor to provide its navigation and can be the complex one with more sensors and advance systems to do the task. They can work or do the task everywhere needed but the safety for the AGV as well as the people and environment surround it must be provided.
MARKET SURVEY
A market survey is an important requirement for initiating any successful business. The objective of a market survey is to collect information on various aspects of the business. This survey is a tool through which we can minimize risk. After the market survey, the results must be analyzed in order to finalize a business plan.
We are implementing automatic guided vehicle, which replaces the normal transporting methods. So that we wants to consider all the sections related to this works such as problems arising while installing. So we conducted a market survey by personnel interview techniques was used with the measure emphasis on personal interview method. Interviews were conducted through the structure questionnaire, Also we go through people who work in large industries such as production plant, supply station etc.
MOBILE POST DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (MOPS)
MoPS or Mobile Post Distribution System (Tschichold, Vestli, Schweitzer, 1999) is a research AGV developed at the Institute of Robotics in Zurich, Switzerland. It is used to transport mail around the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. MoPS is powered up by rechargeable batteries which give it a 4-hour active life, weighs around 90kg and can carry up to 50 kg of postal payload. It is also capable of hot-swapping its own batteries pack, thus ensuring 24h availability.
The MOPS provide services of picking up boxes with incoming mail at the ground floor of the five floor building, which is sorted by human first, delivering them to the secretaries' offices, subsequently bringing back the outgoing mail to the ground floor station. It is also capable of switching floors by sending an infrared signal to the building’s lifts.
CHASSIS
The chassis is fabricated from Acrylic sheet. This is done for ease of fabrication, and to reduce the overall weight. It was designed in Catia; part of fabrication was outsourced due to unavailability of precision cutting tools. The chassis was designed to take a static load of 3kg.
The Top part of chassis has lots of drilled holes which serves as holes for bolting other parts and reduce the weight of the chassis. The Holes are arranged in a zigzag linear arrangement so that the decrease in strength of chassis is not considerable.
The flange which holds the motor was designed using Aluminium and is bolted to the chassis. So that the driving motors can easily accommodate below the chassis. The chassis incorporates hole for attaching front globe wheel, and also for attaching the lift structure