04-04-2012, 04:46 PM
line follower robot
synopsis.doc (Size: 4.02 MB / Downloads: 240)
INTRODUCTION
What is a line follower?
Line follower is a machine that can follow a path. The path can be visible like a black line on a white surface (or vice-versa) or it can be invisible like a magnetic field.
Why build a line follower?
Sensing a line and maneuvering the robot to stay on course, while constantly correcting wrong moves using feedback mechanism forms a simple yet effective closed loop system. As a programmer you get an opportunity to ‘teach’ the robot how to follow the line thus giving it a human-like property of responding to stimuli.
IMPLEMENTATION
Design of Microcontroller Programmer
The circuit shown above is microcontroller programmer (AT89CXXseries). It burns the HEX code of the microcontroller program in the EEPROM of the microcontroller using the parallel port of the computer.
The ISP programmer shown below sends the HEX code to the programmer (hardware).
POSITIONING OF SENSORS:-
The resistance of the sensor decreases when IR (infrared) light falls on it. A good sensor will have near zero resistance in presence of light and a very large resistance in absence of light. Whether the sensors are Light Dependent Resistors, laser diode, Infrared Sensors, Ultrasonic Sensors or anything else,the outputs of the sensor modules are fed to the Non-inverting input of a comparator .
DC MOTORS:-
These are very commonly used in robotics. DC motors can rotate in both directions depending upon the polarity of current through the motor. These motors have free running torque and current ideally zero. These motors have high speed which can be reduced with the help of gears and traded off for torque.