29-11-2012, 06:18 PM
APPLICATION OF NITROUS OXIDE IN AUTOMOBILES
APPLICATION OF NITROUS OXIDE IN AUTOMOBILES (1).doc (Size: 920 KB / Downloads: 30)
INRODUCTION
In modern automobiles, nitrous oxide (often just "nitrous" or "nitro" in this context) is sometimes injected into the intake manifold (or just prior to the intake manifold) to increase power: even though the gas itself is not flammable, it delivers more oxygen than atmospheric air by breaking down at elevated temperatures, thus allowing the engine to burn more fuel and air. Additionally, since nitrous oxide is stored as a liquid, the evaporation of liquid nitrous oxide in the intake manifold causes a large drop in intake charge temperature. This results in a smaller, denser charge, and can reduce detonation, as well as increase power available to the engine.
ABOUT NITROUS OXIDE
Nitrous oxide, also known as dinitrogen oxide or dinitrogen monoxide, is a chemical compound with chemical formula N2O. Under room conditions it is a colourless non-flammable gas, with a pleasant slightly sweet odor. It is commonly known as laughing gas due to the exhilarating effects of inhaling it, and because it can cause spontaneous laughter in some users. It is used in surgery and dentistry for its anaesthetic and analgesic effects. Nitrous oxide is present in the atmosphere where it acts as a powerful greenhouse gas.
History
The gas was discovered by Joseph Priestley in 1772. Humphry Davy in the 1790s tested the gas on himself and some of his friends, including the poets Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert Southey. They soon realised that nitrous oxide considerably dulled the sensation of pain, even if the inhaler were still semi-conscious, and so it came into use as an anaesthetic, particularly by dentists, who do not typically have access to the services of an anesthesiologist and who may benefit from a patient who can respond to verbal commands.
ABOUT NITROUS OXIDE SYSTEM USED IN AUTOMOBILES
A full range of Nitrous delivery systems are available for all applications of vehicles and engine types and can be matched to each cylinder in the engine. The common delivery systems are-
WET SYSTEM: The fuel and Nitrous are mixed and introduced together to the primary part of the intake. This system produces slightly more power than dry but cannot be applied to an engine with a dry intake typically most fuel injected engines.
DRY SYSTEM: The N2O is injected into dry air (without fuel) upstream in the manifold and it is then mixed with fuel at the injectors. The extra fuel required to maintain the burn balance from Lean to Rich is delivered by the injectors of the car. The primary part of the intake is kept dry of fuel. In this system only nitrous oxide is injected into the intake air. A ‘Dry’ nitrous system relies on the vehicle's computer system sensing that the engine is, say, running too lean and adding additional fuel. Most stock computer systems were not designed for this purpose, and may have difficulty in working.
WET SYSTEMS
At Nitrous Works we prefer the ‘Wet’ principal, which simply means that both fuel and nitrous oxide are injected together at the spray bar or nozzle. A ‘Dry’ system injects nitrous oxide alone without and additional fuel for the engine. A properly engineered ‘Wet’ system is a safer way to inject nitrous oxide into an engine.