25-08-2017, 09:32 PM
Biotechnology: Principles, Applications, and Social Implications
Biotechnology: Principles,.ppt (Size: 2.13 MB / Downloads: 176)
What is Biotechnology?
The application of technology to improve
a biological organism
Detailed Definition
The application of the technology to modify the
biological function of an organism by adding genes
from another organism
Allelic Differences for Mendel’s Genes
Plant Height Gene
Gene: gibberellin 3--hydroxylase
Function: adds hydoxyl group to GA20 to make GA1
Role of GA1: regulates cell division and elongation
Mutation in short allele: a single nucleotide converts
an alanine to threonine in final protein
Effect of mutation: mutant protein is 1/20 as active
Allelic Differences for Mendel’s
Seed Shape Gene
Gene: strach branching enzyme (SBE) isoform 1
Function: adds branch chains to starch
Mutation in short allele: transposon insertion
Effect of mutation: no SBE activity; less starch, more
sucrose, more water; during maturation seed looses
more water and wrinkles
The RoundUp Ready Story
Active ingredient in RoundUp herbicide
Kills all plants it come in contact with
Inhibits a key enzyme (EPSP synthase) in an amino acid pathway
A resistant EPSP synthase gene allows crops
to survive spraying