27-08-2012, 09:05 PM
i want the description of every component needed for the minimum connection of 8051 and detailed description of 8 candidate quiz buzzer including c language program
27-08-2012, 09:05 PM
i want the description of every component needed for the minimum connection of 8051 and detailed description of 8 candidate quiz buzzer including c language program
28-08-2012, 02:57 PM
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04-01-2013, 12:03 PM
8 candidate quiz buzzer using 8051 microcontroller at89c51
8 candidate quiz.doc (Size: 959.5 KB / Downloads: 96) POWER SUPPLY The input to the circuit is applied from the regulated power supply. The a.c. input i.e., 230V from the mains supply is step down by the transformer to 5V and is fed to a rectifier. The output obtained from the rectifier is a pulsating d.c voltage. So in order to get a pure d.c voltage, the output voltage from the rectifier is fed to a filter to remove any a.c components present even after rectification. Now, this voltage is given to a voltage regulator to obtain a pure constant dc voltage. Transformer Usually, DC voltages are required to operate various electronic equipment and these voltages are 5V, 9V or 12V. But these voltages cannot be obtained directly. Thus the a.c input available at the mains supply i.e., 230V is to be brought down to the required voltage level. This is done by a transformer. Thus, a step down transformer is employed to decrease the voltage to a required level. Filter Capacitive filter is used in this project. It removes the ripples from the output of rectifier and smoothens the D.C. Output received from this filter is constant until the mains voltage and load is maintained constant. However, if either of the two is varied, D.C. voltage received at this point changes. Therefore a regulator is applied at the output stage. Voltage regulator As the name itself implies, it regulates the input applied to it. A voltage regulator is an electrical regulator designed to automatically maintain a constant voltage level. In this project, power supply of 5V and 12V are required. In order to obtain these voltage levels, 7805 and 7812 voltage regulators are to be used. The first number 78 represents positive supply and the numbers 05, 12 represent the required output voltage levels. The L78xx series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP, TO-3, D2PAK and DPAK packages and several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range of applications. These regulators can provide local on-card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut-down and safe area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1 A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltage and currents. MICROCONTROLLERS Microcontrollers’ producers have been struggling for a long time for attracting more and more choosy customers. Every couple of days a new chip with a higher operating frequency, more memory and more high-quality A/D converters comes on the market. Nevertheless, by analyzing their structure it is concluded that most of them have the same (or at least very similar) architecture known in the product catalogs as “8051 compatible”. What is all this about? The whole story began in the far 80s when Intel launched its series of the microcontrollers labeled with MCS 051. Although, several circuits belonging to this Series had quite modest features in comparison to the new ones; they took over the world very fast and became a standard for what nowadays is meant by a word microcontroller. The reason for success and such a big popularity is a skillfully chosen configuration which satisfies needs of a great number of the users allowing at the same time stable expanding ( refers to the new types of the microcontrollers ). Besides, since a great deal of software has been developed in the meantime, it simply was not profitable to change anything in the microcontroller’s basic core. Switches and Pushbuttons There is nothing simpler than this! This is the simplest way of controlling appearance of some voltage on microcontroller’s input pin. There is also no need for additional explanation of how these components operate. Nevertheless, it is not so simple in practice... This is about something commonly unnoticeable when using these components in everyday life. It is about contact bounce- a common problem with m e c h a n i c a l switches. If contact switching does not happen so quickly, several consecutive bounces can be noticed prior to maintain stable state. The reasons for this are: vibrations, slight rough spots and dirt. Anyway, whole this process does not last long (a few micro- or miliseconds), but long enough to be registered by the microcontroller. Concerning pulse counter, error occurs in almost 100% of cases! CONCLUSION Hence by this project we can design an effective detecting system that can monitor in quiz competitions in schools, colleges, TV programs etc; with eight different switches. The uniqueness of this project is only alerting the quiz conductor who first know the answer.
21-04-2014, 05:51 PM
i need assembly language program for 8 candidate quiz buzzer using microcontroller and hw to do connections
22-04-2014, 11:24 AM
To get full information or details of 8 candidate quiz buzzer using 8051 microcontroller at89c51
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