15-01-2013, 03:39 PM
LANDMINE DETECTION USING RADAR BULLET
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INTRODUCTION
Land mines are very dangerous explosives which are used for wars.
Countries like Afghanistan ,Iraq & Bosnia etc are the victims of these landmines.
Implanted landmines have to be detected & diffused properly.
Else there will be loss of human life.
WHAT IS A LANDMINE ?
It is an explosive device used to disable, immobilize or kill.
It is activated either by a person or vehicle
or by electric wire or radio signal.
Most land mines are laid on just below the surface of ground and are activated by pressure.
Metal detection
Metal is one of the most common component of a landmine.
Metal detectors are capable of signaling the presence of minute metal piece.
Mines can also be casted from different materials like wood, plastic & synthetic.
But from detection point of view metal is a easier component to detect.
Metal free mines are also there, but they pose a challenge to the detectors.
EXPLOSIVE DETECTION
The explosives are one common ingredient that is found in all mines.
Detecting explosives however is a complicated process.
Explosive detection under field conditions is being carried out using snuffer dogs.
A dog’s nose has proven to be a very sophisticated and reliable sensor, however handling these snuffer dog squads and ensuring consistent behaviour in varied hazard scenarios is a complicated and demanding tasks.
WHAT IS A RADAR BULLET?
The radar bullet is a special type of bullet.
The main use of radar bullet is to find landmines without setting foot on the ground.
This consists of firing a special bullet in to the ground from a helicopter.
The bullet is designed in such a way that it gives out powerful blast of radio waves from under the ground.
This pulse strikes the mine and its image gets available on the computer in the helicopter, offering a safe and efficient way of finding land mines.
RADAR PRINCIPLE
Radar is Radio Detection And Ranging.
Radar is sensor.
Radar makes use of radio waves to detect and locate objects.
Radar operates by transmitting electro magnetic energy into the surroundings and detecting energy reflected by object.
If a narrow beam of this energy is transmitted by the directive antenna, the direction from which reflections come and hence the bearing of object may be estimated.
WORKING
A gun is mounted on a helicopter flying about 100 m above the ground.
Firstly, a bullet is fired from the helicopter towards the ground which gives out powerful radio waves soon after it hits the ground & goes under it.
These powerful radio waves get reflected from any landmine within a range of 15 meters in radius.
These reflected waves are received by an antenna at the helicopter.
Detection is now completed with the distance of the landmine appearing on the display.
CONCLUSION
Mines are major cause of concern in many countries. Detection and removal of mines is very important as it is hazardous to both man and animals alike.
The conventional methods that are being used right now for mine detection involves working in close proximity for the mines. So overall mine detection using radar bullets is a cutting edge technology that is safe and effective.
With all its advantages it may be hoped that mine detection using radar bullets will be more used in detection of mine there by making the world safer place to live in.