30-04-2012, 01:54 PM
The Electronic Passport and Future Government Issued
RFID-Based Identification.
E.passport.pdf (Size: 825.47 KB / Downloads: 447)
INTRODUCTION:
The e-passport, as it is sometimes called, represents a bold
initiative in the deployment of two new technologies: Radio-
Frequency Identification (RFID) and biometrics. System are
wireless technology for automatic identification They bring
forth the era of next generation ID cards. several national
governments plan to deploy identity cards integrating RFID
and biometrics for domestic use. We explore the privacy and
security and other issues of the e-passport in this article.
RFID:
Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology has
been in use for decades. Only recently, lower cost and
increased capabilities made RFID technology to be a
commercially viable one. There seems to be developments in
support of the movement of inventory tracking and supply
chain management toward RFID.
TECHNICAL OVERVIEW:
RFID is an auto ID device like Barcode, Smart cards,
Biometric technologies (Retinal scans) and optical character
recognition etc. Special feature of this technology is that there
is no need of line of sight reception as required in some other
technologies. In RFID systems the items are marked with tags.
These tags contain transponders that emit messages
readable by specialized RFID readers. Most RFID tags store
some sort of identification number; for example a customer
number or product code. A reader retrieves information about
the ID number from a database, and acts upon it accordingly.
RFID tags can also contain writable memory, which can store
store information for transfer to various RFID readers in
different locations.
TRANSFORMER:
The potential transformer will step down the power
supply voltage (0-230V) to (0-6V) level. Then the secondary
of the potential transformer will be connected to the precision
rectifier, which is constructed with the help of op–amp. The
advantages of using precision rectifier are it will give peak
voltage output as DC, rest of the circuits will give only RMS
output.
WORKING PRINCIPLE:
The AC voltage, typically 220V rms, is connected to a
transformer, which steps that ac voltage down to the level
of the desired DC output. A diode rectifier then provides a
full-wave rectified voltage that is initially filtered by a simple
capacitor filter to produce a dc voltage. This resulting dc
voltage usually has some ripple or ac voltage variation.
CONCLUSION
There has been a considerable amount of reduction in
transaction costs and decrease in stock shortage with the use
of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in
automation. Most of the RFID networks include a wide range
of automation technologies. These technologies are RFID
readers, RFID writers, RFID barcode scanners, RFID smart
sensors and RFID controllers. In this study, a solution has
been provided for the problems encountered in parking-lot
management systems via RFID technology.
Even in the future we can modify this system with effective
technology and with very good transmitter and receiver.