25-08-2017, 09:32 PM
Recent Developments in FACTS Technology
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With some transmission lines becoming loaded to their capacity and new lines being hard to site and build, the ever-growing need for transporting more electricity can be met either by installing new transmission lines or by using the existing ones in a more efficient way. The latter approach is to maximize the active power flow that generates revenue while minimizing the reactive power flow that contributes nothing to the useful energy delivered.
The power industry’s quest for the most economic way to transfer bulk power along a desired path can only be achieved through the independent control of active and reactive power flow in a transmission line. Traditional solutions, such as shunt inductor/capacitor, phase-shifting transformer, and series inductor/capacitor affect both the active and the reactive power flow in the transmission line simultaneously. With the use of Voltage-Sourced Converter (VSC)-based Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC), the active and the reactive power flow in the line can be regulated independently. Since the field demonstration of the world’s first UPFC in 1998, another FACTS controller, namely Sen Transformer (ST), has been proposed. In contrast to the UPFC, which uses a large number of solid-state switching devices, the ST uses time-tested components, such as transformer and load tap changers, but provides the same independent active and reactive power flow control as the UPFC at a much lower cost.
The objectives are to give a background on traditional power transmission technology and discuss new techniques that utilize the transmission lines most effectively. The workshop covers various types of Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) controllers and their usefulness in power system applications. Various modeling techniques of FACTS controllers are briefly discussed. The results from the simulation are compared with those from the field measurements.