30-06-2012, 12:45 PM
Basics of Wind Diesel Power Systems
Wind Diesel Power Systems.pdf (Size: 871.69 KB / Downloads: 46)
Key Messages
Wind diesel power systems are an
economic reality that can be used to
limit or reduce the dependence on
diesel fuel however they are complex
and require some understanding of
different power system components and
systems.
History of Wind/Diesel
• Research stated in earnest in the late 1970’s as a
result of the first oil crises
• Many installations in the early 1980’s,
– Primarily in Europe associated with research laboratories
– Example systems in Alaska
– Smaller systems with single diesels
• Component and modeling work initiated in the late
1980’s - focus on test platforms and control
• Early 90’s saw a reduction in research activities,
though many advances made in control theory
• Growing popularity for rural electrification has resulted
in a technology resurgence in late 1990’s
Small Power Systems
• Systems do not have a dispatchable backup
generator like most hybrids
• Very simple architecture:
– Turbine, PV, Disconnects, Batteries
– DC Loads or AC power through an inverter
• Primarily PV dominated for small loads, wind
has potential at larger loads.
• In many instances a combination of PV and
wind make most sense
• Can vary in size, power output
Village Scale Power Systems
• Larger, village scale power systems use
centrally located power plants and distribute
AC power to the connected homes.
• Single point of service and maintenance
• Usually use larger or multiple generation units
to improve operation performance and benefit
from quantities of scale benefits
• Act very much like small power utilities
• Provide “grid” style power
Wind-Diesel Power Systems
• Larger systems with demands over ~ 100 kW
peak load us to many MW
• Based on an AC bus configurations
• Batteries, if used, store power to cover short
lulls in wind power
• Both small and large renewable penetration
designs available
• Large potential mature with fewer examples
• Due to cost - PV generally not used
AC Based Hybrid System
• Low penetration systems - Wind acts as a
negative load, very little control or integration of wind
turbines into the power system is needed .
• Mid penetration systems - Wind becomes a
major part of the power system. Additional
components and limited automated control is
required to insure that power quality is maintained.
Little operational control required though may be
used.
• High penetration systems - Completely
integrated power system with advanced control.
Limited operational control of system by plant staff
Systems and Components
• Hybrid power systems are made up of
separate pieces of equipment that are
brought together to form a cohesive power
system
• Configuration and component size depend on
the load and resource available at site
• Controlling the power systems is a
complicated question, both logically and
technically.
• Must understand the components
Dispatchable Generators
• Generators that can be
turned on with short
notice.
– Diesel, Gas, Natural
Gas, Bio-gas
• Usually require a lot of
maintenance
• Role depends on
system design.
• Wide range of old and
new technology
• Wide range of control