01-09-2012, 12:22 PM
M2M Wireless Communication
M2M Wireless.ppt (Size: 2.65 MB / Downloads: 87)
Introduction
Current wireless technology is optimized for Human-to-Human communication (H2H) voice, SMS, Internet, and not for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication
In M2M communication, objects can talk to each other without human intervention
Today there is insufficient integration of real physical world with virtual world (computers, servers, etc)
Today Human translates physical world information in to digital world information to use computers
Wireless Sensor Network
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a pre-requisite for M2 M communication
WSN is collection of small randomly dispersed devices that provide the ability to monitor physical and environmental conditions
WSN support low data rate, low power consumption, and are of small in size
WSN node consists of sensors, micro-controller, transceiver, and independent power source (battery)
RFID
RF Identification (RFID) determines location of sensor nodes or objects
RFID tag is powered by an electromagnetic field generated by reader
RFID reader reads information of RFID tag and passes it to host for analysis
Wireless Network
Wireless network can be divided into 3 groups
A) Near Field Communication (NFC):
Covers very short distances (2-3m)
Can work for RFID
B) Wireless personal Area Network (WPAN):
Covers short distances (20-70m)
Bluetooth is used for wireless audio head-sets
ZigBee is used for objects like wireless lamp, smart fridges, home appliances, etc.
M2M Communication
There can be billions or trillions of everyday objects connected, each with only a small amount of data needed for transmission ( as in WSN)
Reliable transmission (low BER, low latency) are critical
Large overheads of LTE and Internet addresses may introduce considerable energy consumption in M2M devices
M2M Applications
1. Fleet Management:
It is a remote monitoring of a vehicle fleet
Black box in vehicle collects information of a location (using GPS), vehicle speed, vehicle maintenance data, etc and send periodically to Auto management server at HQ via 3G/4G communication link
If black box fails to communicate, it stores and send information back when black box senses the communication link again
When vehicle reaches destination the trip information (driving time, distance, petrol usage) will then be transmitted to Auto management server and customer account is automatically charged
2. Vending Machine:
One can buy soft drinks, flowers, etc from vending machine in self service manner
Once the vending machine detects the item in out-of-stock, it sends message to order management server through 3G/4G communication link which further send information to vendor
The vendor re-stocks the vending machine
Vending machine stores daily sales data in internal database and sends information to vendor
Vendor will know which product has been sold and the total daily revenue