03-08-2013, 03:59 PM
DEVELOPMENT OF A HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (An HMS)
DEVELOPMENT OF A HOSPITAL .pdf (Size: 1.46 MB / Downloads: 34)
INTRODUCTION
In the two previous blocks, we have provided the details of the concepts of Relational
Database Management. This block provides an example of the use of a Database
Management System and user interface development tool to create a Hospital
Management System (HMS). The focus in this block is not on developing the Hospital
Management System but on providing practical oriented details about how to work
with the tools available in MS Access and Visual Basic to create the basic elements of
any application that are the tables, forms, reports and queries. Thus, in this block, we
will just show the steps about how to create forms, create tables and create reports and
queries. You, in turn, have to develop this system by practicing the steps for creating
various sample forms, reports, tables and queries.
Objectives
After going through this block you should be able to:
brief the very basic needs for an Information System in a Hospital;
use the tools needed to develop tables, forms, reports and queries;
work with various tools to create a sample system, and
identify the problems encountered during the implementation of an Information
System.
NEED TO DEVELOP THE HOSPITAL
MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (An HMS)
Every hospital big or small keeps the records of its patients including the registration
details of the patient and the fee payments. The entry of patients is determined
whether s/he has arrived in emergency, OPD or for a routine check-up. The patient
who gets admitted is provided with a room according to his/her choice. The patient is
allotted a doctor according to his illness. The doctor may refer the patient to another
doctor with expertise of the illness. On discharge, the patient is required to settle the
bills sent by the accounts department of the hospital.
The hospital also keeps the record of the doctors visiting the hospital, plus the
permanent employees of the hospital. Each doctor has a few days associated with
his/her visit to the hospital and also the timings when s/he is available in the hospital.
The employees draw their salary from the accounts department.
The hospital maintains the record of the inventory of the hospital including the
equipment and the medicines, blood bank, etc. A limit for inventory is maintained for
every item. When the limit is reached, an order for the purchase of the concerned item
is placed. The database is updated after the supplier supplies the product.
CREATING A DATABASE FOR HMS
The database has to be created for the Hospital Management System. This is done by
creating tables and relations in MS-Access. A Database is a collection of related data
describing one or more related activities. A database Management System is a
collection of programs that enable the user to create and maintain the database. The
following relations are created in MS-Access.
Primary Key
Every record in a table must have a primary key that differentiates it from every other
record in the table. In some cases, it is only necessary to designate an existing field as
the primary key if you are certain that every record in the table will have a different
value for that particular field. An enrolment number is an example of a field that can
be used as primary key to table student.
Designate the primary key field by first selecting them (you may select a composite
primary key also) and then by right clicking on it and selecting Primary Key from the
shortcut menu or select Edit | Primary Key from the menu bar. The primary key field
will be noted with a key image to the left. To remove a primary key, repeat one of
these steps.
Hence in HMS the table Docdetails can be created using the above method. The
following tables should be created by you.
Using Visual Basic -A brief description
VISUAL BASIC is a high level programming language evolved from the earlier DOS
version called BASIC. BASIC means Beginners’ All-purpose Symbolic Instruction
Code. It is a fairly easy programming language to learn. The codes look a bit like
English Language. Different software companies produced different versions of
BASIC, such as Microsoft QBASIC, QUICKBASIC, GWBASIC, IBM BASIC and so
on.
VISUAL BASIC is a VISUAL and events driven Programming Language. These are
the main divergences from the old BASIC. In BASIC, programming is done in a text-
only environment and the program is executed sequentially. In VISUAL BASIC,
programming is done in a graphical environment. Because users may click on a
certain object randomly, so each object has to be programmed independently to be
able to respond to those actions (events). Therefore, a VISUAL BASIC Program is
made up of many subprograms, each has its own program codes, and each can be
executed independently and at the same time each can be linked together in one way
or another.