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Water has no alternative,we take water for granted and we never pay attention.Water is the essential ingredient of life.Water is more than what we comsume.Water is Tomatoes,Apples,two Million deaths in Africa due to thirst,Fish and Rice in South-Asia,Water is life.People go miles walking to fetch Water.When water is not paid attention Economies get hammered,Human-potential is squandered.Water changes everything.
Water, now scarce, needs to be treated.Water scarcity is a solvable crisis,only when Individuals, Corporates,Government and Research work hand-in-hand.
As far as the individual is concerned, Educating to change consumption and life-style, Improving irrigation, Water-catchment, Harvestitng, Addressing pollution,Population growth mitigation can hugely impact in eradicating water scarcity.
The Government and communities can Recycle waste water, Appropriately price water,Sharing technology, and the research related communities can help with R&D Innovations, Hollistically manage eco-system, Energy efficient desalination plants,Water conservation technology improvements.
The basic idea is to build a water system where, its consistent, fights the odds of climate, protects environmental values, saves more water to fish and food but, building a system like this isn't easy. A brief Water system consists of 4 taps,taps being the levels, where we can actually fight water scarcity.
First tap- Stormwater Harvesting, unlike rainwater harvesting where we need rain to fall and what if,the rain only falls in winter and we need water in summer,that would be very expensive,so stormwater harvesting, it as three stages to it- capture rainwater and stormwater and let it percolate, clean it-by cleaning it means naturally, when percolating the bacteria and algae cleans the water and adds minerals to it,and final step, let it sink into the water table and then pull it using bore wells.That way you can actually recharge the ground water.
Second tap- Reuse waste water through a two way filtration process,at the first stage The Reverse Osmosis where you forcibly send the waste water through a semi-permeable membrane applying reverse pressure, thereby the viruses,dust,wastes get stuck in that membrane. Te second stage is the Advanced Oxidation where water is treated with hydrogen-peroxide and UV light, the hydrogen-peroxide splits andd forms hydrogen radicals and purify the water. A more natural way is to stagnate the flowing water for 8 hours, let the algae and sunlight treat the water and lett it flow.
Third tap- Its a virtual tap, Conservation. Installing soil moisture detectors,smart irrigation controller systems etc..,
Fourth tap- Sea Water Desalination, yes its energy intensive but, in the last two decades technology as advanced and we are using 50% less energy than in the 1990s.
This four tap system helps us to eradicate the water scarcity naturally,with less expenses and it increases the usage of the natural water which we are wasting, for using water we need to be very consious and this very system ensures we are rich and sound in water management and balancing the Eco-System.